Koroner aterosklerozis tanısı alan hastalara nutrigenetik yaklaşımlar ve Apo E gen incelemesi
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2018
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Ateroskleroz, tüm dünyada en yaygın damar tıkanıklığı nedeni olup, kardiyovasküler hastalıkların altında yatan temel bir faktördür. Lipitler ile doldurulmuş arterlerin multifokal, immuno-inflamatuvar hastalığı olarak tanımlanan bu hastalıkta; arter duvarları bu yumuşak çökeltilerle kaplanır ve bunun sonucunda zamanla sertleşerek damarları darlaştırıp kan akımının engellenmesine neden olur. Ateroskleroz'da temel risk faktörleri genetik (kalıtımsal) ve çevresel olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Çevresel faktörler için de beslenme önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı; Türk popülasyonunda klinik olarak aterosklerozis tanısı alan hastalarda beslenme alışkanlıklarını belirlemek ve bunun doğrultusunda hastalıkla ilişkili gen olan Apolipoprotein E gen değişimlerini ilgili hastalarda saptayarak konuyla ilişkili ilk kez Türk popülasyonunda nutrigenetik yaklaşımları saptayabilmek olarak belirlenmiştir. İlgili tez çalışması, literatürde konuyla ilişkili yapılacak ilk çalışma olması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma iki basamaklı olarak planlanmıştır. Çalışma 30 hasta gönüllü ile yapılmıştır. İlk aşamada klinik olarak aterosklerozis tanısı alan hastalarda beslenme alışkanlıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise tanı alan hastalarda aterosklerozis ile ilişkili en önemli gen olan Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) geninin taraması yapılarak genetik değişimlerin ortaya konulması planlanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda 30 gönüllü katılımcıya yapılan Apolipoprotein E geninin taraması sonucu 7 kişide mutasyon/polimorfizm görülmüştür. Çalışmaya katılan gönüllü hasta katılımcıların beslenme ile ilgili veri sonuçları SPSS 15.0 programı ile elde edilmiştir. Katılımcıların ortalama yaş değeri 61,5 yıl bulunurken, ortalama beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) değeri ise 28,72 kg/m2 bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın beslenme ile ilgili bulguları Türkiye Beslenme Rehberi (TÜBER) 2015 verileri ile karşılaştırılarak yazılmıştır. Mutasyon/polimorfizm görülen hastaların beslenme durumu incelendiğinde beslenme ile mutasyon/polimorfizm arasında bireysel olarak ilişki bulunmaktadır, ancak genele bakıldığı zaman anlamlı ilişkiler bulunamamıştır. Bu nedenle bu konu hakkında örneklerin sayısı artırılarak çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Nutrigenetik, Aterosklerozis, Apo E geni, Akdeniz diyeti
Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of vascular occlusion all over the world and is the main factor underlying cardiovascular diseases. This disease is defined as multifocal, immuno-inflammatory disease of arteries filled with lipids. The arterial walls are covered with these soft sediments and as a result, they harden over time, narrowing the veins and preventing the blood flow. The main risk factors in atherosclerosis are genetic and genetic. Nutrition also has an important place for environmental factors. Purpose of the study is to determine the nutritional habits in patients with clinical diagnosis of atherosclerosis in the Turkish population and to determine the nutrigenetic approaches in the Turkish population for the first time related to the disease by detecting the gene-related changes of Apolipoprotein E gene in the patients. The related thesis work is important in terms of being the first study in the literature related to the subject. This study was planned as a two-step. The study consisted of 30 volunteers. In the first stage, it was aimed to determine the dietary habits of patients with clinically diagnosed atherosclerosis. In the second stage, it was planned to screen the gene of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) which is the most important gene associated with atherosclerosis in the diagnosed patients. At the end of the study, mutation/polymorphism was observed in 7 subjects as a result of the screening of Apolipoprotein E gene to 30 volunteer participants. Nutritional data of the participants were obtained by SPSS 15.0 program. The mean age of the participants was 61.5 and the mean BMI was 28.72 kg / m2. Findings of the study which were related to nutrition were compared with TUBER 2015 data. When the nutritional status of patients with mutation/polymorphism was examined, there was an individual relationship between nutrition and mutation/polymorphism, but no significant relationships were found in general. Therefore, more studies in this field are needed. Key words: Nutrigenetic, Atherosclerosis, Apo E gene, Mediterranean diet
Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of vascular occlusion all over the world and is the main factor underlying cardiovascular diseases. This disease is defined as multifocal, immuno-inflammatory disease of arteries filled with lipids. The arterial walls are covered with these soft sediments and as a result, they harden over time, narrowing the veins and preventing the blood flow. The main risk factors in atherosclerosis are genetic and genetic. Nutrition also has an important place for environmental factors. Purpose of the study is to determine the nutritional habits in patients with clinical diagnosis of atherosclerosis in the Turkish population and to determine the nutrigenetic approaches in the Turkish population for the first time related to the disease by detecting the gene-related changes of Apolipoprotein E gene in the patients. The related thesis work is important in terms of being the first study in the literature related to the subject. This study was planned as a two-step. The study consisted of 30 volunteers. In the first stage, it was aimed to determine the dietary habits of patients with clinically diagnosed atherosclerosis. In the second stage, it was planned to screen the gene of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) which is the most important gene associated with atherosclerosis in the diagnosed patients. At the end of the study, mutation/polymorphism was observed in 7 subjects as a result of the screening of Apolipoprotein E gene to 30 volunteer participants. Nutritional data of the participants were obtained by SPSS 15.0 program. The mean age of the participants was 61.5 and the mean BMI was 28.72 kg / m2. Findings of the study which were related to nutrition were compared with TUBER 2015 data. When the nutritional status of patients with mutation/polymorphism was examined, there was an individual relationship between nutrition and mutation/polymorphism, but no significant relationships were found in general. Therefore, more studies in this field are needed. Key words: Nutrigenetic, Atherosclerosis, Apo E gene, Mediterranean diet
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Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Akdeniz diyeti, Ateroskleroz, DNA analizi, Nutrition and Dietetics, Dizi analizi-DNA, Mediterranean diet, Atherosclerosis, Genetik, DNA analysis, Sequence analysis-DNA, Koroner damarlar, Genetics, Koroner hastalık, Coronary vessels, Coronary disease, Nütrigenomikler, Nutrigenomics
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