Liman içi optimizasyon
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2017
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Abstract
Dünya ticaret hacminin giderek arttığı günümüzde deniz yolu ticaretinin de payı hızla artmaktadır. Deniz yolu taşımacılığının kilit noktası ise limanlardır. Denizcilik sektöründe artan rekabet koşulları liman işletmelerini maliyetler ve hizmet kalitesi açısından fark yaratmaya zorlamaktadır. Limanların etkin ve verimli bir şekilde işletilmesi gerek liman işletmeleri gerekse ülke ekonomileri açısından önem taşımaktadır. Özellikle coğrafi açıdan dünyada önemli bir noktada bulunan ve üç tarafı denizlerle çevirili olan ülkemizde denizcilik sektörü ve limanlarımızın geliştirilmesi ve uluslararası rekabet gücünün arttırılması stratejik bir öneme sahiptir. Liman tesisleri deniz tarafındaki yapılar, kara tarafındaki yapıları ve destek sistemlerinden oluşmaktadır. Limanlarda gerçekleşen operasyonlar ve optimizasyon çalışmaları ise; Rıhtım, Depo-Saha, Kapı, Taşıma, Personel operasyonları olarak 5 aşamada ele alınmaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle limanların performanslarının arttırılabilmesi ve daha iyi verim alınabilmesi için limandaki altyapı, üstyapı, ekipmanlar, işgücü vb. tüm kaynakların verilecek hizmet türleri dikkate alınarak etkin bir şekilde planlanması ve süreçlerin tasarlanması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, temel olarak limanlarda optimizasyon kavramı üzerinde durulmuştur. İlk bölümlerde lojistik ve denizcilik sektörü incelenerek, limanların yapıları ve verilen hizmetler analiz edilmiştir. Ardından limanların daha etkin ve verimli çalışabilmesi için nasıl planlanması, tasarlanması gerektiği açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Örnek olarak Mersin limanı ele alınmış, yapılan yatırımlar, planlamalar ve geliştirme çalışmaları analiz edilmiş, Mersin Limanı için Kapı Optimizasyonu ve Dizaynı çalışması yapılmıştır.
The share of maritime trade is rapidly increasing in today's world trade volume. The key port of sea shipping is the ports. Increasing competition conditions in the maritime industry force port operators to make a difference in terms of costs and service quality. Port operations have to be operated efficiently and efficiently and port operations are important in terms of national economies. Especially geographically, our country has a crucial point in the development of our maritime sector and ports and the increase of international competitiveness in our country which is at an important point in the world and which is surrounded by sea. The harbor facilities consist of sea side structures, land side structures and support systems. Operational and optimization works in the ports are; Dock, Warehouse-Site, Door, Transportation, Personnel operations. In order to improve the performance of harbors and to get better efficiency with this point, infrastructure, superstructure, equipments, labor force, etc. it is necessary to plan efficiently all the resources and to design the processes taking into account the types of services to be provided. In this study, mainly the concept of optimization in ports is emphasized. In the first part, the logistics and maritime sectors were examined and the structures of the ports and the services provided were analyzed. Then, it was tried to explain how to plan and design the ports in order to work more efficiently and efficiently. For example Mersin port was considered, investments made, planning and development studies were analyzed, and Gate Optimization and Design work was carried out for Mersin Port.
The share of maritime trade is rapidly increasing in today's world trade volume. The key port of sea shipping is the ports. Increasing competition conditions in the maritime industry force port operators to make a difference in terms of costs and service quality. Port operations have to be operated efficiently and efficiently and port operations are important in terms of national economies. Especially geographically, our country has a crucial point in the development of our maritime sector and ports and the increase of international competitiveness in our country which is at an important point in the world and which is surrounded by sea. The harbor facilities consist of sea side structures, land side structures and support systems. Operational and optimization works in the ports are; Dock, Warehouse-Site, Door, Transportation, Personnel operations. In order to improve the performance of harbors and to get better efficiency with this point, infrastructure, superstructure, equipments, labor force, etc. it is necessary to plan efficiently all the resources and to design the processes taking into account the types of services to be provided. In this study, mainly the concept of optimization in ports is emphasized. In the first part, the logistics and maritime sectors were examined and the structures of the ports and the services provided were analyzed. Then, it was tried to explain how to plan and design the ports in order to work more efficiently and efficiently. For example Mersin port was considered, investments made, planning and development studies were analyzed, and Gate Optimization and Design work was carried out for Mersin Port.
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Keywords
Denizcilik, Deniz yolu, Deniz yolu taşımacılığı, Liman işletmesi, Marine, Limanlar, Seaway, Lojistik, Sea transportation, Port operation, Mersin Limanı, Ports, Logistics, Optimizasyon, Mersin Port, Optimizasyon modelleri, Optimization, Optimization models, Verimlilik, Productivity
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186