Pierre Boulez'in Domaines eseri üzerinden modern klarnet tekniklerine bakış ve icrasına yönelik öneriler
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2022
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Abstract
20. yy'da ortaya çıkan Dadaizm, Pointilizm, Sürrealizm, Popüler Sanat ve müzikte şekillenen Yeni Klasikçilik, 12 Ton Müziği, Total Serializm, Rastlamsallık, Somut Müzik, Minimalizm, Açık Form, Elektronik Müzik gibi belli başlı sanat akımlarının çokluğu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, solo klarnet repertuarının önemli eserlerinden biri olan Domaines, yazıldığı çağın iç içe geçen akım ve stillerinin bir yansıması olarak özünde birçok düşünce, üslup ve çeşitlilik barındırmaktadır. Fransız besteci Boulez'in, entellektüel kişiliği ve birçok sanat dalından yakın arkadaş çevresi ile etkileşimi de bestelerini önemli ölçüde şekillendirmiştir. Besteci Domaines'de, edebiyat, tiyatro, plastik sanatlardan belli eserlerden ve müzikte ortaya çıkan Rastlamsallık, Moment Form, Mikrotonal Müzik gibi akımlardan beslenmiştir. Teknik düzeyde ise eser, değişken dinamikler ve modern teknikler içermektedir. Bestecinin icracıya seçenekler sunarak kontollü bir rastlamsallıkla kurduğu yapı, aynı zamanda sayfaya belli düzende yerleştirilmiş parçalardan oluşmaktadır. İcracıya düşen görev sadece nota, ritim ve renklerle bir cümle oluşturmak değil aynı zamanda sayfada sunulan parçaların izlenecek yollarını seçip, aralarındaki süreklilik ve duraklamaları da özenle ayarlamaktır. Bütün bu açılardan eser komplike ve üzerinde düşünülmesi gereken bir yapıdadır. Bu çalışmada, eserin yazıldığı çağın müziğini şekillendiren olaylar toplumsal gelişmeler ve sanat dünyasındaki genel durumla birlikte ele alınmış, Boulez'in etkilendiği akımlar açıklanmıştır. Bestecinin hayatı ve esin kaynakları üzerinde durulmuş ve eserin icrasına yardımcı olmak amacıyla içindeki modern teknikler ile ilgili gerekli bilgiler verilerek, performansına yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
As one of the most significant musical pieces of the solo clarinet repertoire considering the multiplicity of major art movements such as Dadaism, Pointillism, Surrealism, Popular Art that emerged in the 20th century, as well as Neoclassicism, 12 Tone Music, Total Serialism, Indeterminacy, Concrete Music, Minimalism, Open Form and Electronic Music, which was formed in music, Domaines contains many ideas, styles and diversity in its essence as a reflection of the intertwined movements and styles of the era in which it was composed. The French composer Boulez's intellectual personality and his interaction with his sphere of close friends from many branches of art also substantially shaped his compositions. In Domaines, the composer was inspired by certain pieces of art from literature, theatre and plastic arts as well as the movements such as Indeterminacy, Moment Form and Microtonal Music that emerged in music. In technical sense, the piece includes variable dynamics and modern techniques. The structure that the composer built with a controlled indeterminacy by offering options to the performer at the same time consists of partitions placed on the page in a certain pattern. The role of the performer is not only to establish a phrase with notes, rhythm and colours, but also to choose the ways to be followed with the partitions presented on the page, as well as meticulously adjusting the continuity and pausings between them. With regard to all mentioned aspects, the piece has a structure that is complicated and require thinking on it. In this study, the events that shaped the music of the era in which the piece was composed was discussed together with the social developments and the overall situation in the world of art, and the movements that inspired Boulez were explained. The life and sources of inspiration of the composer were focused on, necessary information was provided regarding the modern techniques within the piece for the purpose of helping with its performance, and recommendations on its performance were presented.
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As one of the most significant musical pieces of the solo clarinet repertoire considering the multiplicity of major art movements such as Dadaism, Pointillism, Surrealism, Popular Art that emerged in the 20th century, as well as Neoclassicism, 12 Tone Music, Total Serialism, Indeterminacy, Concrete Music, Minimalism, Open Form and Electronic Music, which was formed in music, Domaines contains many ideas, styles and diversity in its essence as a reflection of the intertwined movements and styles of the era in which it was composed. The French composer Boulez's intellectual personality and his interaction with his sphere of close friends from many branches of art also substantially shaped his compositions. In Domaines, the composer was inspired by certain pieces of art from literature, theatre and plastic arts as well as the movements such as Indeterminacy, Moment Form and Microtonal Music that emerged in music. In technical sense, the piece includes variable dynamics and modern techniques. The structure that the composer built with a controlled indeterminacy by offering options to the performer at the same time consists of partitions placed on the page in a certain pattern. The role of the performer is not only to establish a phrase with notes, rhythm and colours, but also to choose the ways to be followed with the partitions presented on the page, as well as meticulously adjusting the continuity and pausings between them. With regard to all mentioned aspects, the piece has a structure that is complicated and require thinking on it. In this study, the events that shaped the music of the era in which the piece was composed was discussed together with the social developments and the overall situation in the world of art, and the movements that inspired Boulez were explained. The life and sources of inspiration of the composer were focused on, necessary information was provided regarding the modern techniques within the piece for the purpose of helping with its performance, and recommendations on its performance were presented.
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Müzik, Sahne ve Görüntü Sanatları, Music, 20. yüzyıl, Performing and Visual Arts, 20. century, Modern sanat akımları, Modern art movements
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