Patlama Dalgası Dinamikleri ve Etki Azaltma Yöntemleri
Abstract
Bu tez çalışmasında, patlamalar sonucu meydana çıkan patlama dalgalarının oluşması, oluşan bu dalgaların yayılma hareketleri ve çevre şartlarından nasıl etkilendiği hakkında araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmalar yapılırken bu dalga şiddetlerine karşı nasıl önlemler alınacağı ve korunma yöntemleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Patlama dalgalarının fiziksek ortamda nasıl oluştuğu temel patlama kaynaklı dalga oluşumlarının verileri kullanılarak araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Araştırmalar süresince kullanılan temel verilerde patlama dalgalarının maksimum basınç noktası, yoğunlukları, dağılma hızı, oluşma süresi ve çevresel faktörlerden nasıl etkilendikleri araştırılmış ve incelemeler yapılarak sonuçları ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca açığa çıkan patlama dalgalarının insan vücudu üzerindeki etkileri, yapılara ve binalara verdiği hasarlar ve bu faktörlerin farklı basınç değerlerine göre verdiği tepkiler incelenmiştir. İnsan vücudu üzerindeki etkilerden akciğer hasarları, kulak zarında oluşan hasarlar gibi oluşan ya da oluşabilecek biyolojik etkiler incelenmiştir. Bu incelemeler yapılırken deneysel verilere, laboratuvar ortamında yapılan örnek çalışmalar incelenmiş ve bu yapılan çalışmaların önemleri anlatılmak istenmiştir. Koruyucu giysilerin geliştirme süresince bulunan bu veriler ışığında mühendislik çalışmalarına faydalı olacağını anlatılmak istenmiştir. Yaptığımız çalışmada patlama dalgalarının incelenmesi yapılırken ayrıca bu dalgalardan korunma yöntemlerinin önemi de ele alınmıştır. Binaların ya da yapıların etkilenmemesi için bazı yöntemler belirlenmiş, çalışmalar incelenmiş ve bu korunma yöntemlerinin özellikle yeni bulunan malzemelerin daha çok üzerinde durulmasıyla çözümler sunulmuştur. Araştırmalarda enerjiyi emen malzemeler, balistik lifler, ortaya çıkan akıllı malzemeler, son yapılan güncel mühendislik çalışmaları ve güncel gelişmeler takip edilmiştir. Ayrıca patlama dalgalarını azaltma yöntemleri incelenmiş kavisli ortamların, eğimli yüzeylerin faydalarından bahsedilmiştir. Bireysel korunma yöntemlerinin önemi, kişisel koruyucu ekipmanlar ile görsel olarak anlatılmış ve bu malzemelerin ne kadar önemli olduğunun farkındalığı yaratılmıştır. Hangi malzemelerin insan sağlığını koruduğu, hangi malzemenin binaları ve yapıları koruduğu, hangi malzemenin kullanılan cihazları koruduğu örnekler verilerek anlatılmıştır. Ayrıca patlama dalgalarını azaltma teknikleri tanıtılmış ve anlatılmıştır. Son olarak hareketli sıvılar gibi yeni bulunan koruma malzemelerinin önemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Ülkelerin bu çalışma alanların da hangi boyutta araştırmalar yaptığını, hangi koruyucu malzemeleri kullandığını inceledik ve araştırdık. NATO standartları ile Türkiye'nin ihtiyaçları kapsamında hangi standart değerlerinin araştırılması yapılmış ve incelenmiştir.
In this thesis, research has been conducted on the formation of blast waves resulting from explosions, the propagation movements of these waves and how they are affected by environmental conditions. During this research, information has been provided on how to take precautions against these wave intensities and protection methods. Research has been conducted on how blast waves are formed in the physical environment using data from basic explosion-induced wave formations. In the basic data used during the research, the maximum pressure point, density, dispersion speed, formation time and how they are affected by environmental factors of blast waves have been investigated and the results have been presented by making examinations. In addition, the effects of the resulting explosion waves on the human body, the damage they cause to structures and buildings, and the reactions of these factors to different pressure values have been examined. The biological effects that have occurred or may occur, such as lung damage and eardrum damage, have been examined. During these examinations, experimental data and sample studies conducted in laboratory environments have been examined and the importance of these studies has been explained. It has been aimed to explain that protective clothing will be useful for engineering studies in the light of this data found during the development process. In our study, while examining blast waves, the importance of protection methods from these waves was also discussed. Some methods were determined to prevent buildings or structures from being affected, studies were examined and solutions were presented by focusing more on these protection methods, especially newly found materials. In the research, energy absorbing materials, ballistic fibers, emerging smart materials, recent engineering studies and current developments were followed. In addition, methods for reducing blast waves were examined and the benefits of curved environments and inclined surfaces were mentioned. The importance of individual protection methods was visually explained with personal protective equipment and awareness of how important these materials are was created. Examples were given to explain which materials protect human health, which materials protect buildings and structures, and which materials protect the devices used. In addition, techniques for reducing blast waves were introduced and explained. Finally, the importance of newly discovered protection materials such as moving liquids was emphasized. We examined and researched the extent to which countries conduct studies in these fields of work, and which protective materials they use. It has been investigated and examined which standard values have been researched in the context of NATO standards and Turkey's needs.
In this thesis, research has been conducted on the formation of blast waves resulting from explosions, the propagation movements of these waves and how they are affected by environmental conditions. During this research, information has been provided on how to take precautions against these wave intensities and protection methods. Research has been conducted on how blast waves are formed in the physical environment using data from basic explosion-induced wave formations. In the basic data used during the research, the maximum pressure point, density, dispersion speed, formation time and how they are affected by environmental factors of blast waves have been investigated and the results have been presented by making examinations. In addition, the effects of the resulting explosion waves on the human body, the damage they cause to structures and buildings, and the reactions of these factors to different pressure values have been examined. The biological effects that have occurred or may occur, such as lung damage and eardrum damage, have been examined. During these examinations, experimental data and sample studies conducted in laboratory environments have been examined and the importance of these studies has been explained. It has been aimed to explain that protective clothing will be useful for engineering studies in the light of this data found during the development process. In our study, while examining blast waves, the importance of protection methods from these waves was also discussed. Some methods were determined to prevent buildings or structures from being affected, studies were examined and solutions were presented by focusing more on these protection methods, especially newly found materials. In the research, energy absorbing materials, ballistic fibers, emerging smart materials, recent engineering studies and current developments were followed. In addition, methods for reducing blast waves were examined and the benefits of curved environments and inclined surfaces were mentioned. The importance of individual protection methods was visually explained with personal protective equipment and awareness of how important these materials are was created. Examples were given to explain which materials protect human health, which materials protect buildings and structures, and which materials protect the devices used. In addition, techniques for reducing blast waves were introduced and explained. Finally, the importance of newly discovered protection materials such as moving liquids was emphasized. We examined and researched the extent to which countries conduct studies in these fields of work, and which protective materials they use. It has been investigated and examined which standard values have been researched in the context of NATO standards and Turkey's needs.
Description
Keywords
Maden Mühendisliği ve Madencilik, Savunma ve Savunma Teknolojileri, İnşaat Mühendisliği, Mining Engineering and Mining, Defense and Defense Technologies, Civil Engineering
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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96

