Muslim, A.Altürk, E.Bilgiç, I.2025-02-172025-02-172024979835037779810.1109/ICEPG63230.2024.107754402-s2.0-85215076420https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEPG63230.2024.10775440https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14517/7682IEEEThe photovoltaic conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has been significantly improved by the global scientific community in a short period of time. From 3.8% to 25.7%, this efficiency has increased dramatically. The goal of the current study is to model perovskite solar cells and enhance the performance of hole and electron transport layers. In this study, the SCAPS-1D simulation software is employed to assess the efficiency of solar cells. This study elaborated on different Electron transport layers and hole transport layers with SCAPs-1D. TiO2 functions effectively as an electron transport layer, while Cu2O serves as an ideal hole transport layer. The device demonstrated an impressive photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 28.31%, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.09 V, a current density of 30.14 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 85.93%. Thus, lead-free perovskite solar cells are environmentally friendly and promising for future solar cells. The objective of this study is to determine the ideal thickness of the absorbent layer. © 2024 IEEE.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessAbsorber LayerPerovskiteScaps-1DSimulationSolar CellThicknessConference ObjectN/AN/A6016060