Browsing by Author "Sezen, Serap"

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Application of 3D, 4D, 5D, and 6D bioprinting in cancer research: what does the future look like?
(Royal Soc Chemistry, 2024) Khorsandi, Danial; Rezayat, Dorsa; Sezen, Serap; Ferrao, Rafaela; Khosravi, Arezoo; Zarepour, Atefeh; Zarrabi, Ali
The application of three- and four-dimensional (3D/4D) printing in cancer research represents a significant advancement in understanding and addressing the complexities of cancer biology. 3D/4D materials provide more physiologically relevant environments compared to traditional two-dimensional models, allowing for a more accurate representation of the tumor microenvironment that enables researchers to study tumor progression, drug responses, and interactions with surrounding tissues under conditions similar to in vivo conditions. The dynamic nature of 4D materials introduces the element of time, allowing for the observation of temporal changes in cancer behavior and response to therapeutic interventions. The use of 3D/4D printing in cancer research holds great promise for advancing our understanding of the disease and improving the translation of preclinical findings to clinical applications. Accordingly, this review aims to briefly discuss 3D and 4D printing and their advantages and limitations in the field of cancer. Moreover, new techniques such as 5D/6D printing and artificial intelligence (AI) are also introduced as methods that could be used to overcome the limitations of 3D/4D printing and opened promising ways for the fast and precise diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Recent advancements pertaining to the application of 3D, 4D, 5D, and 6D bioprinting in cancer research are discussed, focusing on important challenges and future perspectives.
Glycosylated nanoplatforms: From glycosylation strategies to implications and opportunities for cancer theranostics
(Elsevier, 2024) Zare, Iman; Kiadeh, Shahrzad Zirak Hassan; Varol, Ayseguel; Varol, Tugba Oren; Varol, Mehmet; Sezen, Serap; Zarrabi, Ali
Glycosylated nanoplatforms have emerged as promising tools in the field of cancer theranostics, integrating both therapeutic and diagnostic functionalities. These nanoscale platforms are composed of different materials such as lipids, polymers, carbons, and metals that can be modified with glycosyl moieties to enhance their targeting capabilities towards cancer cells. This review provides an overview of different modification strategies employed to introduce glycosylation onto nanoplatforms, including chemical conjugation, enzymatic methods, and bioorthogonal reactions. Furthermore, the potential applications of glycosylated nanoplatforms in cancer theranostics are discussed, focusing on their roles in drug delivery, imaging, and combination therapy. The ability of these nanoplatforms to selectively target cancer cells through specific interactions with overexpressed glycan receptors is highlighted, emphasizing their potential for enhancing efficacy and reducing the side effects compared to conventional therapies. In addition, the incorporation of diagnostic components onto the glycosylated nanoplatforms provided the capability of simultaneous imaging and therapy and facilitated the real-time monitoring of treatment response. Finally, challenges and future perspectives in the development and translation of glycosylated nanoplatforms for clinical applications are addressed, including scalability, biocompatibility, and regulatory considerations. Overall, this review underscores the significant progress made in the field of glycosylated nanoplatforms and their potential to revolutionize cancer theranostics.
Rhabdomyosarcoma: Current Therapy, Challenges, and Future Approaches to Treatment Strategies
(Mdpi, 2023) Zarrabi, Ali; Perrin, David; Kavoosi, Mahboubeh; Sommer, Micah; Sezen, Serap; Mehrbod, Parvaneh; Ghavami, Saeid
Simple Summary Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare pediatric sarcoma affecting skeletal muscle in children and young adults. It is responsible for 3% of all childhood malignant tumors and is the third most prevalent pediatric extracranial solid tumor. Despite advances in diagnostic and treatment methods and clinical trials to improve pediatric RMS survival rates, children with high-risk RMS and recurrent disease have 5-year survival rates of less than 30% and 17%, respectively. The cure rate remains low and the current RMS therapies continue to pose potential life-threatening toxicities, which can lead to lifelong morbidity. The treatment strategies for RMS include multi-agent chemotherapies after surgical resection with or without radiotherapy. Here, we focus on chemotherapy strategies and discuss the impact of apoptosis, autophagy, and the UPR that are involved in the chemotherapy response. Then, to screen future therapeutic approaches and promote muscle regeneration, we discuss in vivo mouse and zebrafish models and in vitro three-dimensional bioengineering models.Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare cancer arising in skeletal muscle that typically impacts children and young adults. It is a worldwide challenge in child health as treatment outcomes for metastatic and recurrent disease still pose a major concern for both basic and clinical scientists. The treatment strategies for rhabdomyosarcoma include multi-agent chemotherapies after surgical resection with or without ionization radiotherapy. In this comprehensive review, we first provide a detailed clinical understanding of rhabdomyosarcoma including its classification and subtypes, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Later, we focus on chemotherapy strategies for this childhood sarcoma and discuss the impact of three mechanisms that are involved in the chemotherapy response including apoptosis, macro-autophagy, and the unfolded protein response. Finally, we discuss in vivo mouse and zebrafish models and in vitro three-dimensional bioengineering models of rhabdomyosarcoma to screen future therapeutic approaches and promote muscle regeneration.