Browsing by Author "Toghraie, D."

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Citation Count: 0
Battery thermal management system by employing different phase change materials with SWCNT nanoparticles to obtain better battery cooling performance
(Elsevier, 2024) Ren, Jiaxuan; Salahshour, Soheıl; Bagheritabar, Mohsen; Abdul-Redha, Hadeel Kareem; Al-Bahrani, Mohammed; Singh, Sandeep; Toghraie, D.
Maintaining a stable temperature within a battery is essential for optimizing the performance of battery thermal management systems. Phase change materials (PCMs) have demonstrated potential in achieving this stability. This study investigates the use of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) dispersed in three PCMs with varying fusion temperatures to regulate the temperature of a lithium-ion battery (LIB) during discharge, a common scenario in electric vehicles. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach was utilized to simulate the liquid-solid transition of the PCMs, incorporating buoyancy forces in the liquid phase surrounding the LIB. The study examined the effects of different C-rates (1, 2, and 3), SWCNT volume fractions (0, 2, and 4 %), and three types of PCMs (RT27, RT35, and RT58) across multiple simulation scenarios to evaluate their impacts on LIB temperature and PCM melting fraction. Results indicate that nano-enhanced PCMs, which exhibit superior convection effects in the liquid phase, significantly enhance battery cooling performance. Specifically, at a C-rate of 1, using a 4 % volume fraction of nanoparticles in the PCM reduces the battery temperature by an average of 4.138 K compared to cases without nanoparticles. Additionally, while nanoparticles are generally reported to have a minor effect on cooling and melting processes, this study reveals that considering the beneficial effects of SWCNTs and the physical properties of the selected PCMs, the cooling performance of LIBs improves by 4.69 percentage points for the scenario with a C-rate of 3, RT58, and phi = 0.02. In this particular case, the melting process is more pronounced in the top half of the battery, where the increased velocity magnitude of the melted region contributes to enhanced battery cooling.
Citation Count: 1
Effect of rectangular, triangular, and semi-circular hybrid nano phase change material chambers under permanent magnetic field on the stepped solar still efficiency: An experimental study
(Elsevier, 2024) Toosi, Seyed Sina Adibi; Salahshour, Soheıl; Zahmatkesh, Iman; Chaer, Issa; Salahshour, Soheil; Toghraie, D.
Water has been considered one of the most important human needs since the beginning of human existence. This experimental study investigates the impact of utilizing hybrid nanomaterials (Fe 3 O 4 + Graphene oxide) in phase change material (NPCM) under consideration of magnetic field on the production of a uniquely designed stepped solar still. The major aim of this research is to compare three different geometric hybrid NPCM chambers ' performance on the daily production of the stepped solar still. So 4 cases of experiments have been set and performed, namely, stepped solar still 1. Without NPCM, 2. With rectangular hybrid NPCM chambers, 3. With triangular hybrid NPCM chambers, and 4. With semi-circular hybrid NPCM chambers. To add the hours of the distillation process after sunset, the hybrid NPCM was applied. Cases 2 to 4 were experimented with under the permanent magnetic field, too. The daily productivity of Case 1, Case 2, Case 3, and Case 4 without magnetic field were 900 ml/day, 1580 ml/day, 1663 ml/day, and 1730 ml/day, respectively. The outputs indicated that Case 4 had the best accomplishment among all experiment cases. Case 4 of the experiment under the magnetic field yielded the highest daily efficiency of 15.6 %, whereas Case 1 only achieved 7 %. The daily productivity of the stepped solar still with semi-circular NPCM chamber, triangular NPCM chamber, and rectangular NPCM chamber has been enhanced by 92 %, 85 %, and 75 % without magnetic field and 131 %, 113 %, and 100 % under permanent magnetic field, respectively.
Citation Count: 0
Experimental optimization of the performance of a plate heat exchanger with Graphene oxide/water and Al2O3/water 2 O 3 /water nanofluids
(Elsevier, 2024) Behrozifard, A.; Salahshour, Soheıl; Zahmatkesh, Iman; Chaer, Issa; Salahshour, Soheil; Toghraie, D.
The heating and cooling process is a major industrial challenge. The efforts to improve the design of heat transfer improvement mainly center around expanding the heat transfer area (through the geometry of the heat exchanger) and inducing turbulence to eliminate the boundary layer. A solution to increase the thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger and reduce costs is the use of materials such as nanofluids with ideal thermal and thermophysical properties. Here, to enhance the effectiveness of nanofluids and prevent sedimentation, atomic stabilization was the main focus by combining surfactants with nanofluids at specific weight concentrations and applying ultrasonic vibrations to increase stability. In this paper, the influence of using Graphene oxide (GO)/water and AL2O3/waternanofluids 2 O 3 /waternanofluids and the GO-AL2O3 2 O 3 /water hybrid nanofluid was investigated at 0.01 %, 0.02 %, 0.03% wt concentrations. The effect on heat transfer and thermal efficiency of a plate heat exchanger relative to the base fluid (water) was examined. The nanofluids were stabilized in several stages to optimize the thermodynamic properties of the base fluid. The thermal efficiency of the nanofluids (eta) eta ) reaches to its maximum at the highest weight concentration (0.03 %) with GO nanoparticles at 37 %, AL2O3 2 O 3 at 21 %, and the GO-AL2O3 2 O 3 hybrid at 26 %. GO nanoparticles had the most significant impact on the heat exchanger performance, with an optimized heat exchanger performance of 15.94%, followed by the hybrid at 11.86%, and AL2O3 2 O 3 at 7.4 %.
Citation Count: 2
Experimental study of phase change material (PCM) based spiral heat sink for the cooling process of electronic equipment
(Elsevier, 2024) Wang, Yu; Salahshour, Soheıl; Sajadi, S. Mohammad; Smaisim, Ghassan Fadhil; Hadrawi, Salema K.; Nasajpour-Esfahani, Navid; Toghraie, D.
Today, every device that a person uses depends on electronic equipment, frequent and long-term use of it causes to heat up and as a result, slow down the speed and performance of that device. In more important and sensitive equipment such as medical equipment, slow speed and reduced performance cause irreparable damage. Therefore, to cool these devices, their internal electronic equipment must be cooled. In studies by others, the simultaneous use of several phase change materials and airflow in the form of layer-by-layer contact was usually less studied. In this study, using CNC machining, a heatsink consisting of 2 spirals was produced. In the first spiral, PCM Paraffin Wax with different volume percentages and in the second spiral, the presence or absence of forced airflow in heat transfer rate 2.9 W to 3.7 W was tested with a step of 0.4 W and the results were that by adding %50 PCM and adding 100 % PCM to the system, its performance increases by 7.19 % and 44.91 %, respectively, which shows using the maximum volume capacity of PCM increases efficiency. Also, by adding forced airflow to the system, its performance has increased by 7.71 %. It can be said that if the forced airflow in the system is used layer by layer, it prevents the heat from concentrating in certain parts of the heatsink and the circuit, which results in the same heating of the whole system and the heat is evenly distributed throughout the heatsink.
Citation Count: 0
Improving the thermal properties of water by adding MWCNTs, cerium oxide, and MgO hybrid nanoparticles at different temperatures and volume fraction of nanoparticles: Experimental investigation
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Farahmand, M.; Niknejadi, M.; Toghraie, D.; Salahshour, S.
This study aimed to investigate the thermal conductivity (TC) of various nanofluid compositions, including water/MWCNT-MgO-cerium oxide ternary hybrid nanofluids (THNFs) with solid volume fractions (SVFs) ranging from 0.1 % to 0.6 %. Additionally, the thermal conductivity of water/MWCNT-cerium oxide, water/MWCNT-MgO, and water/MgO-cerium oxide hybrid nanofluids (HNFs), as well as water/MWCNT, water/cerium oxide, and water/MgO mono nanofluids (MNFs), was measured at SVF=0.1 % and 0.3 %. The experimental temperature was varied between 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C for all samples. The MWCNT, MgO, and cerium oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were suspended in the water base fluid (BF) to create the nanofluids (NFs) in a two-step process. MWCNT NPs are 20–30 nm in size, MgO NPs are 20 nm, and cerium oxide NPs are 10–30 nm in size. DLS and zeta potential experiments, which demonstrate the correct stability of NFs, were used to evaluate the stability of NFs. The KD2-Pro instrument was used to test the samples' TC after making sure they were stable. The data obtained demonstrate a rise in TC with rising SVF and rising temperature. The MWCNT/water MNF exhibits the largest rise in TC in SVF=0.3 %, with a TC increase of 19.16 % at T = 40 °C. It should be noted that the largest increase in TC is 26.09 % compared to the BF for water/MWCNT-MgO-cerium oxide THNF at SVF=0.5 % and T = 40 °C. Finally, a mathematical connection was shown with the comparisons done to estimate the data. The results demonstrate the postulated relationship's high degree of accuracy. © 2024 The Author(s)
Citation Count: 0
Incorporation of azithromycin into akermanite-monticellite nanocomposite scaffolds: Preparation, biological properties, and drug release characteristics
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2024) Assarzadehgan, M.; Salahshour, Soheıl; Abdullah, Zainab Younus; Kasiri-Asgarani, M.; Najafinezhad, A.; Bakhsheshi-Rad, H. R.; Toghraie, D.
Bioceramics composed of calcium and magnesium silicates have garnered increasing attention for the development of porous scaffolds in bone tissue engineering (BTE). This heightened interest is primarily attributed to their remarkable bioactivity and their capacity to form strong bonds with hard tissue. Fabricating nanocomposite scaffolds is a recognized approach for improving the characteristics of scaffolds used in BTE. This research investigates the mechanical and biological properties, antibacterial activity, and drug-release characteristics of scaffolds composed of akermanite (AKT), monticellite (MON), and monticellite-akermanite (MON-AKT). These scaffolds were fabricated utilizing the space holder process. Additionally, the in vitro drug release profile and antimicrobial activity of Azithromycin (AZT)-loaded MON-AKT composite scaffolds were investigated. The findings showed that the Mon-15 wt% AKT nanocomposite scaffold had the highest density, the smallest grain and micropore sizes, and the lowest porosity. In contrast, integrating AKT into MON-based composite scaffolds resulted in materials characterized by high mechanical strength and stability within physiological environments. The MON-AKT nanocomposite scaffolds exhibited cytocompatibility and demonstrated a high level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in osteogenic studies. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity assessments revealed that the AZT-encapsulated MON-AKT composite scaffolds effectively inhibited the growth of both S. aureus and E. coli bacteria. The outcomes showed that the antibacterial efficacy of the scaffold depends on both the amount of AZT and the type of bacteria. Overall, MON-AKT/3AZT scaffolds exhibited significantly superior bacterial inhibition compared to other scaffolds, making it a promising option for treating bone tissue defects.
Citation Count: 1
A numerical study of carbon doping effect on paraffin-reinforced silica aerogel mechanical properties: A molecular dynamics approach
(Elsevier, 2023) Zhang, Wei; Salahshour, Soheıl; Alizadeh, As'ad; Nasajpour-Esfahani, Navid; Hekmatifar, Maboud; Sabetvand, Roozbeh; Toghraie, D.
Aerogels are different types of porous and solid materials that exhibit a strange set of extraordinary material properties. Aerogels have great potential for use in the fields of heat, sound, electronics, and especially thermal insulation. This paper investigates the influence of carbon doping concentration on the mechanical properties of paraffin-reinforced silica aerogel (PRSA). To do this investigation, Young's module (YM), stress-strain curve, and ultimate strength (US) values at various carbon-doped particles of 1 to 10 % were reported by molecular dy-namics (MD) simulation. The results show that the PRSA, under the influence of carbon doping, has dual per-formance. To be more precise, by adding the amount of carbon doped from 1 to 3 %, the US and YM of the PRSA rose from 329.96 and 1137.20 MPa to 353.73 and 1268.44 MPa. In other words, the mechanical strength of the PRSA increases in a limited ratio. However, by increasing carbon doping from 3 to 10 %, the US and YM of the PRSA reduced to 306.233 and 1041.88 MPa, respectively. So, it is expected that the mechanical behavior of the PRSA matrix to be manipulated with carbon doping for actual applications.
Citation Count: 0
Using molecular dynamics approach to investigate the effect of copper nanoparticles on the thermal behavior of the ammonia/copper coolant by focusing on aggregation time
(Elsevier, 2024) Fan, Zhongmian; Salahshour, Soheıl; Sajadi, S. Mohammad; Salahshour, Soheil; Nasajpour-Esfahani, Navid; Toghraie, D.
Nanofluids, fluids containing nanometer-sized particles, have significant properties which make them useful in devices and systems. They boost thermal conductivity and heat transfer better than base fluid. This research studied the atomic behavior, and thermal behavior of simulated ammonia -copper nanofluid using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. The effect of increasing Cu nanoparticles' volume fraction (phi) (1-10 %) on the atomic behavior and thermal behavior of nanofluids was studied. The atomic behavior of simulated structure was studied with velocity and temperature profiles. The maximum values of velocity and temperature were 0.00086 angstrom/ps and 240 K, respectively. To study the thermal behavior of simulated structure, heat flux and the aggregation time (AT) of nanoparticles (NPs) were studied. Numerically, the heat flux (HF) and the aggregation time of Ammonia -Cu nanofluid converged to 1411 W/m2 and 3.96 ns, respectively. The study showed that the maximum velocity and temperature decreased by increasing phi. Moreover, by increasing the phi to 5 %, the heat flux and aggregation time increase to 1553 W/m2 and 4.05 ns. By more increase of NPs up to 10 %, the heat flux and AT of samples decrease. By increasing NPs by 10 % in the base fluid, the aggregation process of NPs occurred in a shorter time. It reduces the thermal efficiency of simulated samples.