Araştırma Çıktıları / Research Outputs

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1924 Anayasası ve Kurucu İktidar Tartışmaları
(2025) Koçak, Mustafa
1924 Anayasası yapılmadan önce Birinci Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (TBMM) seçimlerin yenilenmesi kararı almıştır. Bu kararın 1921 Anayasası’nın Madde-i Münferidesine ve Nisab-ı Müzakere Kanunu’na uygun olup olmadığı doktrinde tartışma konusu olmuştur. Söz konusu tartışma çerçevesinde bu işlemin, meclise karşı bir darbe olduğu ve 1924 Anayasası’nı yapan iktidarın bir asli kurucu iktidar niteliği taşımadığı yönünde görüşler öne sürülmüştür. Bu noktada hem seçimlerin yenilenmesi kararı alınırken hem de 1924 Anayasası yapılırken Mecliste gerçekleşen tartışmalar ve Meclisin bu işlemleri gerçekleştirme yöntemi önemlidir. Dönemin hukukî ve siyasî koşulları dikkate alındığında seçimlerin yenilenmesi kararının hukuka uygun alındığı ve 1924 Anayasası’nı yapan İkinci TBMM’nin demokratik asli kurucu iktidar yetkilerini kullandığı sonucuna varılmaktadır.
ABD Askeri Sağlık Sistemi Reformunun İncelenmesi ve Uluslararası Güvenlik Çerçevesinde Türkiye Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
(2025) Özmen, Oğuzhan; Özkut, Uğur Tarık; Özmen, Pelin
Bu çalışmanın amacı; ABD askeri sağlık sistemindeki (ABD-ASS) reform ihtiyacının zamanlaması, nedenleri ve reform faaliyetlerinin analiz edilmesi, buradan elde edilen sonuçların, Türkiye’nin savunma ve güvenliği açısından değerlendirilmesidir. ASS, ulusal kongre raporları, ikincil kaynaklar, dönüşüm ve reformla ilgili veriler, uzman görüşleri ve açık kaynaklardan elde edilen bilgilerle kavramsal ve fonksiyonel olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sağlık yönetimi, entegre sağlık hizmetleri, inovasyon ve muharebe hazırlığı temalarının elde edilmesine yönelik, tümevarımsal kodlamanın kullanıldığı, nitel bir araştırma olarak planlanmış ve gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın temel bulgusu; muharebe ortamında karmaşıklık arttıkça askeri sağlık organizasyonunda küçük, hızlı, mobil ve deneyim sahibi sağlık birlik ve personeline ihtiyacın artacağıdır. Ayrıca askeri sağlığın uluslararası siyasetteki insancıl gücünün de politikaya hareket sahası kazandırmakta etkili olacağı görülmektedir. ABD’nin reform zamanlamasının, büyük bölgesel savaşların emaresi olarak değerlendirilebileceği ve Türkiye’nin savunma sanayii ile paralel olarak milli askeri sağlık sistemini de en geç 2030 yılına kadar reforme etmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. İnovasyon, operasyonel tıp, reorganizasyon ve entegre kayıt sistemleri askeri sağlık sistemlerinin odaklanması gereken, temel reform konuları olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Accelerated Alkali-Silica Reaction After a Seven-Year Asr-Dormancy Period
(Kare Publishing, 2024) Beglarigale, Ahsanollah
The ongoing alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in concrete can be halted by dryness, which is im- portant for repairing ASR-suffered concrete structures. Drying of the concrete establishes an ASR-dormancy period until the end of the dryness. The residual expansion of such concrete after the ingress of water—the end of the dormancy period—is a significant risk, especially for repair works. In this experimental study, the post-dormancy expansion of various mixtures prepared by eight different Portland cement and three different supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) were tested using an accelerated mortar bar test. After accelerated ASR ex- pansions, an ASR-dormancy period was established by keeping the specimens dry for seven years; the residual ASR expansions of the specimens were tested by the same accelerated meth- od. The effect of pre-dormancy reactions on the residual expansions was discussed through two perspectives. The post-dormancy expansion behavior of mixtures without or with insuffi- cient SCM indicated that expansions were primarily driven by the swelling of old gel, whereas in specimens with sufficient SCM, the dominant mechanism was new gel formation, a result of lower pre-dormancy expansions due to the ASR-mitigating effect of SCMs.
Ag and Al2o3/Water Two-Phase Transient Flow Analysis in a Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger Equipped With Baffles and Rotating Inner Tube
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Al-Saad, M.; Ali, A.B.M.; Al-Mosallam, M.; Fares, M.N.; Fazilati, M.A.; Salahshour, S.; Sabetvand, R.
Considering the wide application of double-pipe heat exchanger made their performance improvement very important. Employing aqueous nanofluid (NF) of Ag and Al2O3 as the working fluid inside the inner tube of the heat exchanger and its rotation as the respective passive and active enhancing methods are investigated numerically using the two-phase mixture method. The sensitivity analysis was performed to reveal the effect of Reynolds (Re) number, NF concentration and tube rotational speeds on heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer effectiveness, and efficiency ratio. The Re number, NF concentration, and rotation speed lie in 1000-3000, 0–4 %, and 300–500 rpm, respectively. The results show the higher improving effect of Ag rather than Al2O3 nanoparticle; for Re = 1000, 1500 and 2000 the efficiency ratio averaged between different concentrations are 39 %, 30 %, 20 % for Al2O3/water and 62 %, 65 % and 26 % for Ag/water NFs, respectively. By increasing the Re number, the enhancing effect of velocity increment on heat transfer rate prevails and hinders that of employing NF. Also, in rotating mode, the enhancement made by increasing the Re number is higher in the rotation speed of 500 rather than 300 rpm. The overall change of efficiency ratio versus the Re number increment is decreasing and the greatest improving effect of using NF is for the lowest Re numbers. Also, the enhancement due to increasing the Re number increment is higher at a rotational speed of 500 rather than 300 rpm. © 2025 The Authors
Anadolu Coğrafyası ve Türklerin İlk Göçleri: Kapsamlı Bir Çalışma
(2025) Çora, Ali Nazmi
Malazgirt Savaşı'ndan sonra 11. yüzyılda Türk boylarının Anadolu'ya ilk göçleri, Anadolu coğrafyası ve sakinleri üzerinde önemli sosyo-ekonomik sonuçlar doğurmuştur. Bugünkü Türk yerleşiminin temeli olan Anadolu'nun geniş ve zengin kaynaklara sahip toprakları, Anadolu'ya yerleşmelerinin ardından Türkler için önemli bir cazibe merkezi haline gelmiş, bu da daha sonra Selçuklu ve Osmanlı fetihlerine yol açmıştır. Türk boylarının bu göç hareketi Türk tarihi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. İnsanlığın tarih boyunca bıraktığı ayak izleri; topraklar, yerleşim yerleri, şehirler, nehirler, dağlar, göller, bu topraklarda yaratılan dinler, ideolojiler ve buralarda gelişen kültürlerdir. “Büyük Avrasya Göçleri” ile başlayan ve ‘Büyük İmparatorluklar Dönemi ’ne kadar uzanan yoğun evrimsel süreç, özellikle Anadolu bölgesinin birçok coğrafi özelliğini şekillendirmiştir. Her kültür ve uygarlık, uygarlık olarak gelişmesi için uygun coğrafi alanlar bulduğu için Anadolu, Asya, Orta Doğu ve Avrupa halkları için her zaman cazip bir toprak olmuştur. Bu bakımdan Anadolu'nun batısından başlayıp doğusuna doğru uzanan her etnik, kültürel ve ideolojik yerleşim büyük önem taşımaktadır. Türk tarihinin temel bir unsuru olarak Türk boylarının bu topraklara yaklaşması ve Orta Asya göçebe halklarının Anadolu'ya yerleşmesi ikincil önemdedir. Yaygın olarak Türkiye olarak bilinen Anadolu, coğrafi olarak Asya'nın kuzeybatıda Karadeniz'in güneyinden güneyde Akdeniz'e, batıda Ege Denizi'ne, doğuda Marmara Denizi ve İstanbul Boğazı'na kadar uzanan bölümüdür. Kültürel olarak Türklerin tarihi anavatanıdır. Ancak Türkler bu topraklara ilk olarak Bizans döneminde göç etmiş ve MS 1071 yılında Bizans İmparatorluğu ile Büyük Selçuklu İmparatorluğu arasında yapılan Malazgirt Savaşı'ndan sonra buraya yerleşmişlerdir. Türk boylarının Anadolu'ya göçü Türk tarihinde önemli bir yer tutmuştur. Türk boylarının Anadolu'ya gelişinden sonra Anadolu coğrafyası ve üzerinde yaşayan halklar büyük sosyo-ekonomik dönüşümler geçirmiştir. Anadolu'daki Türk yerleşiminin temel dayanağı olan geniş ve verimli Anadolu coğrafyası, büyük ve zengin tarım arazilerine sahiptir. Türklerin Anadolu'ya yerleşmesinden sonra, gerileyen Bizans İmparatorluğu'nun batı kesiminde yer alan ve Bizans İmparatorluğu'nun önemli bir parçası olan Rumeli bölgesindeki değer artışları Türklerin dikkatini çekmeye başlamış, Anadolu'nun ova ve kıyılarını yeniden istila etmişlerdir.
Analysis and Comparison of Electric Scooter Crashes: A Review of Crash Characteristics and Health Outcomes in Türkiye
(2024) Dündar, Selim; Okudan, Begüm
Micromobility, including shared e-scooters, has become a convenient mode of transportation for short-distance trips globally. Türkiye introduced shared e-scooters in 2019, quickly expanding their presence. This study analyses and identifies the crash characteristics and health outcomes of e-scooter crashes in Türkiye. It also seeks to provide recommendations for enhancing safety. This review focused on e-scooter crashes in Türkiye, a country with a population of 85,279,553. Our narrative analysis examined eight studies and eight media reports on e-scooter incidents in Türkiye, evaluating patient demographics, crash characteristics (user type, fall/collision, speed, time, location), injury types, interventions, hospitalizations, and modifiable risk factors like helmet use and alcohol consumption. Accidental involvement was slightly higher in men than in women. The rate of helmet usage is quite low. Upper extremity injuries are the most common type, followed by lower extremity injuries. Fatalities have occurred, underscoring public health concerns. E-scooter crashes often involve collisions with pedestrians and vehicles, highlighting the need for adherence to traffic rules and safe riding practices. E-scooters are a practical transportation solution but pose safety risks. Protective measures such as helmet and other protective equipment use, compliance with traffic rules, and public awareness campaigns are crucial to mitigate these risks. We conclude that e-scooter safety regulations in Türkiye should be enhanced to protect riders and pedestrians and promote a safer micromobility ecosystem.
Analysis and Implementation of Sensorless Pmsm Drive With Reduced Dc-Link Capacitance Under Parameter Variations
(Ieee, 2024) Sumsek, Reha Ozgur; Calik, Ramazan; Yavuz, Fikri Serkan; Kivanc, Omer Cihan
In AC drives used in heating, ventilation and air-conditioning applications, film capacitors are becoming widespread instead of electrolytic capacitors in DC-link. These drives with reduced capacitor value provide cost and volume advantages. However, dc-link oscillation increases due to the reduced capacity value. These oscillations cause instability, overvoltage and an increase in total harmonic distortion (THD). On the other hand, the winding temperatures of these motors, which operate continuously under rated operating conditions, reach 80 degrees C. The stator resistance and rotor flux value, which change with the increase in temperature, cause these drives, controlled without sensors, to operate even more unstable. In this study, a hybrid approach is proposed to improve the performance of the inverter using a 16 mu F film capacitor at the dc-link and to reduce the THD. The active damping method regulates the inverter output voltage for DC-link voltage stabilization. A permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) sensorless speed control based on stator feedforward voltage estimation and a model reference adaptive system (MRAS) based on a multiparameter estimation algorithm is performed to minimize the effects of parameter variations. As a result of the experimental studies, it is observed that the grid input current complies with the IEC61000-3-2 standard, even under severe parameter variations.
Analyzing the Cooperation Between Azerbaijan Naval Forces and Türkiye: Strategic, Operational, and Diplomatic Aspects
(2024) Çora, Hakan; Gürson, Alı Poyraz; Mikail, Elnur Hasan; Çora, Ali Nazmi
This study investigates the historical context and strategic evolution of the naval cooperation between Azerbaijan and Türkiye, highlighting its roots in the early years of Azerbaijan's independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. As both nations embarked on building and modernizing their naval capabilities, their partnership became a cornerstone of regional security in the Caspian and Black Seas. The study emphasizes how this cooperation has grown from initial diplomatic ties into a robust military alliance, driven by shared strategic interests and mutual security concerns. The analysis delves into the strategic significance of this partnership, focusing on its role in enhancing the stability of a geopolitically sensitive region. The Caspian Sea, with its vast energy resources, and the Black Sea, a critical maritime zone, both play pivotal roles in regional dynamics. By fostering cooperation in these areas, Azerbaijan and Türkiye not only strengthen their own defense capabilities but also contribute to broader regional security frameworks. Operationally, the collaboration between the two nations' naval forces is characterized by joint exercises, training programs, and the establishment of information-sharing mechanisms. These efforts are designed to improve the interoperability of their naval forces, allowing them to respond more effectively to potential security threats. The study also outlines key areas for future collaboration, including maritime domain awareness, counterterrorism operations, and humanitarian assistance, which could further enhance the strategic partnership. By providing a nuanced and multidimensional analysis, this study aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the Azerbaijan-Türkiye naval cooperation. It explores the implications of this partnership for regional stability, security, and the balance of power, as well as its potential to influence future maritime and geopolitical developments in the wider region.
Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2018) Kebudi, A.; Deveci, U.; Çitgez, B.
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a relatively uncommon highly malignant tumor originating from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland having a poor prognosis. It accounts for 2-5% of all thyroid carcinomas, and patients typically present with a rapidly growing anterior neck mass with aggressive symptoms. A 66-year-old male presented with dyspnea, neck pain, and voice changes. Ultrasonographic neck examination demonstrated an enlarged thyroid gland and substernal extension of the right thyroid lobe. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) from the thyroid nodule biopsy showed benign cytology. Because of symptomatic disease and radiologic malignancy doubt, operation has been done. Histopathologic examination with frozen section demonstrated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. After total thyroidectomy, the patient is discharged. The patient died 20 days after the start of systemic treatment because of septic multiorgan failure derived from bronchopneumonic lung infection. In the evaluation of sudden growing neck masses in elderly patients, anaplastic thyroid cancer should be considered as a differential diagnosis, even if the needle biopsy is normal. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019.
Ankrajlı Fore Kazıklı İksa Sistemlerinin Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi ile Analizi ve İnklinometre Ölçümleri ile Karşılaştırılması
(2025) Zardarı, Saeid; Saglam, Asli
İnşaat projelerinde derin kazıların yapılması, günümüzde çeşitli faktörler nedeniyle kaçınılmaz hale gelmiştir. Bu tür kazılarda zemin stabilitesini sağlamak amacıyla iksa sistemleri kullanılmakta olup, özellikle eğimli arazilerde, kayma ve göçme riski taşıyan zeminlerin korunması ve bodrum katlı yapıların temellerinin güvenli bir şekilde yerleştirilmesi için oldukça büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, ankrajlı fore kazıklı derin kazı destekleme sisteminin etkin kullanımını ve zemin deformasyonlarının izlenmesinin önemini incelemektedir. Sonlu elemanlar yöntemi (FEM) ile modellenen sistemdeki potansiyel deformasyonlar, saha inklinometre ölçümleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Zemin verileri, raporlardan ve laboratuvar deneylerinden alınarak belirlenen parametrelerle tasarımda kullanılmış, iksa sistemi PLAXIS programı üzerinden modellenmiştir. Zeminin malzeme modelleri oluşturulmuş ve yatay deformasyonlar ile saha ölçümleri arasındaki farkların sebepleri araştırılmış, bu farkların nedenleri geri analizler aracılığıyla ortaya konulmuştur. Sayısal analiz ve saha ölçümleri, iksa sisteminin yatay deformasyonları etkin bir şekilde kontrol altında tuttuğunu ve güvenli bir tasarım sağladığını ortaya koymuştur. İnklinometre ölçümleri, deformasyonların izlenmesi konusunda önemli bir doğrulama aracı olmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, derin kazı uygulamalarında iksa sistemlerinin başarısını ve zemin parametrelerinin tasarımda ne kadar önemli olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Sonuçlar, iksa sistemlerinin tasarımında ve inşaat sürecinde güvenliği artıran önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır.
Applying different machine learning algorithms to predict the viscosity behavior of MWCNT–alumina/water–ethylene glycol (80:20) hybrid antifreeze
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Hussein, S.A.; Omar, I.; Saddam, A.B.; Baghoolizadeh, M.; Salahshour, S.; Pirmoradian, M.
While machine learning has become the new way of analyzing data, neutral networks form the basis of this revolutionary technology. In this work, we shall employ the power of neural networks to analyze and demystify the processes in nanofluids. By combining the precision of neural networks with the optimization capabilities of genetic algorithms, we aim to create a more accurate and efficient prediction model for MWCNT-alumina/water-ethylene glycol (80:20) hybrid antifreeze. Our approach entails using an MLP neural network and several training functions (LM, GD, BFGS, BN) with an adjustable number of neurons. The inputs of the network are φ (solid volume fraction or ϕ), temperature (T), and shear rate (γ), and the output is μnf of MWCNT-alumina/water-ethylene glycol (80:20) hybrid anti-freeze. To improve the accuracy of the final model, we use genetic optimization to make final adjustments to the parameters of the neural network. Utilizing the detailed analysis of the primary characteristics of these algorithms, we conclude that the BFGS function is the best to obtain neural network training. Steady performance achieved by this function—0.99828 of the R-value and RMSE value significantly equal to 0.213—illustrates good stability and accuracy of the suggested model. This work contributes to progressing the existing knowledge about the behavior of nanofluids and can stimulate further improvement in heat transfer and energy utilization. © 2024 The Author(s)
Ar-Ge Harcamalarındaki Vergi Teşvik Oranları ile Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: OECD Ülkeleri İçin Panel Veri Analizi
(2025) Has, Banu; Çinar, Sinan
Bu çalışma, 26 OECD ülkesi kapsamında büyük ölçekli firmaların araştırma ve geliştirme (Ar-Ge) harcamaları üzerindeki vergi teşvik oranlarının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Çalışmada 2004-2020 dönemi için yıllık veriler kullanılarak panel veri analizi yapılmıştır. Analizde dinamik panel veri analiz yöntemlerinden biri olan fark GMM kullanılmıştır. Yıllık büyüme oranı açıklanan değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Tahmin edilen modelde açıklayıcı değişkenler olarak Ar-Ge’ye uygulanan vergi teşvik oranları, gayrisafi sabit sermaye oluşumu oranı, ortaokul okullaşma oranı ve işgücüne katılım oranı da kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, Ar-Ge üzerindeki vergi teşvik oranlarının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Ar-Ge harcamaları üzerindeki vergi teşvik oranı ekonomik büyüme üzerinde pozitif bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Ar-Ge harcamaları üzerindeki vergi teşviklerinin ekonomik büyüme için önemini vurgulamaktadır.
Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Levels of Faculty of Health Sciences Students and Affecting Factors
(AVES, 2025) Çoban, N.; Kar, D.; Berk, Ş.N.
Objective: Artificial intelligence (AI) technology advancements are poised to bring significant changes to the healthcare field. As the adoption of AI systems in healthcare continues to grow, there is an increasing need to equip future healthcare professionals with the necessary knowledge and skills to work effectively with these technologies. This study explores the level of anxiety related to AI and examines the factors influencing this anxiety among university students enrolled in health sciences programs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was descriptive and correlational. The study was carried out with 450 students at the İstanbul Gedik University, Faculty of Health Sciences (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Child Development, Nutrition and Diet, Occupational Health and Safety). A descriptive questionnaire and an AI anxiety scale were used to obtain the research data, which were analyzed using numerical data, descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, independent groups t-test, and post-hoc analysis. Results: The mean total score on the Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale (AIAS) was 109.642 ± 30.452 (min = 42; max = 147). Among the sub-dimensions of the AIAS, the mean of the Learning sub-dimension was 41.096 ± 12.083 (min = 16; max = 56), the mean of the Job Change sub-dimension was 31.118 ± 9.022 (min = 12; max = 42), the mean of the Sociotechnical Blindness sub-dimension was 21.558 ± 5.892 (min = 8; max = 28), and the mean of the AI Configuration sub-dimension was 15.871 ± 4.831 (min = 6; max = 21). Conclusion: According to this study, students from the Faculty of Health Sciences had a high level of AI anxiety. Significant differences were found between students’ AI anxiety levels according to gender, their thoughts about AI, their trust in AI-based devices, their desire to change their profession because of AI, and their use of AI in patient care. © 2025 AVES. All rights reserved.
Artificial Intelligence in Human-Centric Resilience, Sustainable Systems
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Özok, Ahmet Fahri
Human-Centric Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) is a field of scientific study that concentrates on creating systems and finding solutions. Basically, HCAI is related with abstractions, theories, paradigms, Cognitive Ergonomics and Ethical Concepts. Depending on different factors in every country, HCAI can be used in different levels. The deployment of HCAI gives us the opportunity to consider the social aspects of the environment and consequently to comprehend the interaction between human and all other parameters. Cognitive ergonomies enriches the field of Human-AI collaboration by establishing a rather comprehensive framework. In Human-Centered Man-Machine System (MMS) Design it is not enough the emphasize optimizing the common area between individual operators and their immediate physical and psycho-social environment. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Artificial Neural Networks; Definition, Properties and Misuses
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2021) Güreşen, E.; Kayakutlu, G.
There are no such clear and good definitions of ANNs in the literature. Many of the definitions refer to the figures instead of well explaining the ANNs. That is why many weighted graphs (as in shortest path problem networks) fit the definition of ANN. This study aims to give a clear definition that will differentiate ANN and graphs (or networks) by referring to biological neural networks. Although there is no input choice limitation or prior assumption in ANN, sometimes researchers compare ANN achievements with the results of other methods using different input data and make comments on these results. This study also gives examples from literature to misuses, unfair comparisons and evaluates the underlying reasons which will guide researchers. © 2011 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Assessing Parents Perception of Environmental Awareness
(Stef92 Technology Ltd, 2013) Ozyaral, O.; Ayra, F.; Kaya, E.
It is inevitable to avoid from the influences of some adversities to arise in the ecosystem as "environmental risks" on our lives. The present study aims to determine the level of perception of parents on environmental awareness and environmental protection and to raise awareness on the environmental value and protection. In the present study, the questionnaires were administered to the parents of two private kindergarten students in Ki{dotless}zi{dotless}ltoprak-Erenköy districts on the Asian side of Istanbul as well as the parents of first and second grade students of a private primary school in Umraniye district on the Asian side of Istanbul. The parents of these first and second grade students and the kindergarten students were asked to fill in these questionnaires. A questionnaire prepared by the researchers and consisting of 76 questions was administered to the parents of the kindergarten students in order to measure their parents' environmental perception, 12 of which were prepared to measure the demographic characteristics and 64 of which were prepared for the perception measurement. In the study, the relations between the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the parents and their environmental perceptions were tried to be found out. Moreover, to what extent the parents put into practice what they know was analyzed so that it can be shown how the information acquired affects the behavior acquisition. In line with the findings obtained, the fact that the awareness of the parents themselves on environment and ecosystem should be improved so that they can transfer the proper actions and approaches they have internalized to their children was found out. Emphasizing the environmental education in every part of the life and providing this education through non-governmental organizations and the experts and the efficiency of the media in this regard were among the results. In addition, the environmental awareness studies should begin during childhood for the sustainability of the environmental awareness education and the media studies should be heavily focused on so that the socio-cultural behavior changes could be ensured in the society and the social media studies should be made. © SGEM2013 All Rights Reserved by the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM.
Assessing the Effectiveness and Policy Gaps of Turkish Government Policies in Facilitating Affordable Housing
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Odemakin, M.
This study looks into the impact of government policies on housing affordability in Turkey, specifically how these policies affect the construction industry's ability to provide cheap housing. The study used a qualitative methodology, conducting in-depth interviews with 25 professionals from diverse construction organizations. The attendees comprised architects, civil engineers, and other industry stakeholders from mostly medium-sized businesses in Istanbul and other Turkish cities. Thematic analysis of the interview data yielded noteworthy insights. First, respondents universally observed little to no policy influence in supporting affordable housing or recycled material usage, highlighting a crucial policy gap. Bureaucratic delays, high loan interest rates, and restricted market availability for recycled materials were identified as the key barriers. However, there are potential to raise awareness among clients and industry stakeholders, incorporate affordable techniques into legislation, and build public–private partnerships to improve collaboration. The findings reveal that industry professionals have a largely negative impression of present government policies, further citing expensive plot costs, and tight regulations as major hurdles to affordable housing creation. Furthermore, while some respondents cited collaboration with government agencies and the use of recycled materials as potential solutions, the overall tone indicated a lack of effective government incentives and support. This study emphasizes the need for comprehensive policy reforms to improve stakeholder collaboration and to offer incentives that would reduce building costs and promote the use of sustainable materials. Policy implications include those targeted subsidies, improved administrative processes, and strengthened public-private partnerships are required to create a more favorable climate for affordable home creation in Turkey. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Assessment of 5-6 Years Old Children's Perception of Environmental Awareness & Environmental Protection
(2013) Ozyaral, O.; Karakaya, M.; Kaya, E.
The aim of this study was to identify and assess the perception of environmental awareness and protection among preschool children (4-5-6 years old), and develop education programs accordingly. To that end, we carried out a survey that consisted of 46 questions by means of face to face question-answer method. To create environmental consciousness and raise awareness of environmental protection at an early age, it is very important to make a proper assessment of answers given to the questions about the role of education in the creation of environmental awareness and environmental protection, when and how such education should take place, and from where such education should be received to achieve higher efficiency. In this context, the answers to the aforementioned questions will help us develop healthy methods to create environmental consciousness, raise realistic, permanent awareness of environmental protection, and instill good habits. The subjects of the study were 37 children, who were attending research-based preschool institutions resident in the districts of Ki{dotless}zi{dotless}ltoprak-Erenköy on the Anatolian Side of Istanbul. The children were at the same time attending regular preschool institutions. Within the scope of the study, we identified the parents' level of education as well as the children's perception levels about environment and environmental pollution (air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, soil, and recycling), information sources, lifestyles, and habits. The study revealed that, along with the parents' educational background, the education received from preschool institutions and mass media play a significant, efficient role in the creation of environmental consciousness and awareness of environmental protection among children, and that we need to develop more efficient means of education. © SGEM2013 All Rights Reserved by the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM.
Assessment of Stiffness-Dependent Autophagosome Formation and Apoptosis in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma Tumor Cells
(2025) Sezen, S.; Adiguzel, S.; Zarepour, A.; Khosravi, A.; Gordon, J.W.; Ghavami, S.; Zarrabi, A.
Remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) eventually causes the stiffening of tumors and changes to the microenvironment. The stiffening alters the biological processes in cancer cells due to altered signaling through cell surface receptors. Autophagy, a key catabolic process in normal and cancer cells, is thought to be involved in mechano-transduction and the level of autophagy is probably stiffness-dependent. Here, we provide a methodology to study the effect of matrix stiffness on autophagy in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells. To mimic stiffness, we seeded cells on GelMA hydrogel matrices with defined stiffness and evaluated autophagy-related endpoints. We also evaluated autophagy-dependent pathways, apoptosis, and cell viability. Specifically, we utilized immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy to track autophagosome formation through LC3 lipidation. This approach suggests that the use of GelMA hydrogels with defined stiffness represents a novel method to evaluate the role of autophagy in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and other cancer cells. © 2024. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
The Atomic and Thermal Performance of CuO Nanoparticles/Paraffin as Phase Change Materials in a Circular Tube: Molecular Dynamics Simulation Approach
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Al-Timimy, S.Q.; Hassan, W.H.; Singh, N.S.S.; Naser, G.F.; Salahshour, S.; Sajadi, S.M.; Hekmatifar, M.
Background: Using molecular dynamics simulation, this study investigates the effect of CuO nanoparticle addition on the thermodynamic and atomic properties of an octadecane that was being utilized as a phase change material within a circular tube. Methods: The results indicate that the density (D) was greatest in the vicinity of the tube walls. At its peak, D was 0.0300 atoms per square centimeter. This behavior is due to the increased attractive force that is between the structure's boundaries and its particles. Particle velocity (V) values reached their utmost attainable values in the intermediate regions of the tube, where movement was greatest. At its peak, V was 0.0078 Å/fs. The tube exhibits a maximum temperature (Max T) value of 754.43 K at its midpoint. Significant Findings: Due to the increased particle motion in the intermediate regions, the investigated structure experienced a greater number of collisions in those areas. After 10 ns, the sample's heat flux, thermal conductivity, and thermal stability converged to values of 3.94 W/m2, 1.38 W/mK, and 1821 K, respectively. The structure showed charging and discharging times of 6.41 and 7.15 ns, respectively. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

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