The Relationship Between Physical Performance with Dual-Task Performance in Geriatric Individuals

Abstract

Objective: Maintaining functional independence in older adults requires an intricate balance between physical and cognitive abilities. While physical performance is known to support overall health, its relationship with dual-task performance-an essential component of daily life activities-remains a critical area of investigation. This study aimed to investigate the association between physical performance and dual-task performance and to compare the effects of different levels of physical performance on dual-task execution in geriatric individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 79 geriatric individuals (mean age=68.68 +/- 4.42) were included in the study. Their physical performances were evaluated through the Alusti test, Timed Up and Go test (TUGT), 30-Second Sit-to-Stand test (30s STST) and 10-meter Walk test. Dual-task performance measurements were assessed using the TUGT, 30s STST and 10-meter Walk test (using motor and cognitive task) and the dual-task questionnaire. Results: There was a low correlation between the Alusti test and Dual-task scale (r=-0.222; p=0.048), while a moderate-level correlation between TUGT (r=0.339; p=0.001), 30s STST (r=-0.336; p=0.002), and the 10-meter Walk test (r=0.365; p=0.001). When individuals were divided into two groups based on Alusti test scores (good mobility and very good mobility), the mean of 30s STST motor and-cognitive tasks were statistically significantly higher in the very good mobility group compared to good mobility (p=0.026, p=0.005; respectively). Conclusion: The findings suggest that dual-task performance is closely linked to physical function in older adults, with higher physical performance associated with improved dual-task execution. Given the increasing importance of maintaining cognitive-motor abilities for aging populations, targeted physical activity interventions may help mitigate declines in dual-task performance, ultimately promoting safer mobility and greater independence in daily life. Future research should further explore the mechanisms underlying these interactions to develop effective strategies for cognitive-motor preservation in geriatric care.