Cancer Rate in Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosed Cases: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of pulmonary embolism in relation to age, cancer, and other comorbidities; to assess clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings; and to examine the associated mortality rate. Materials and Method: Patients diagnosed with pulmonary embolism were included in this single-center retrospective study. The patients were divided into two age groups: < 60 and > 60 years. The incidence of pulmonary embolism; presence of deep vein thrombosis, cancer, surgical history; other comorbidities; mortality rate; prevalence of embolism; and C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels were evaluated according to age group and sex. Results: Of the 1,281 patients who underwent pulmonary computed tomography angiography for suspected pulmonary embolism, 235 were diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. Of these, 114 were female and 121 were male. The mean age was 62.3 ± 16.8 years. In the ≥60 age group, the proportion of females was significantly higher than that of males (p < 0.05). Cancer prevalence and C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels were also significantly higher in this group (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed between the age groups for the other evaluated parameters. Conclusion: The incidence of pulmonary embolism is higher in the elderly population, and the presence of additional conditions, particularly cancer, further increases the risk of pulmonary embolism. Careful monitoring of elderly patients for comorbidities, risk factors, and complications—such as pulmonary embolism—is crucial. Early diagnosis and timely treatment play vital roles in reducing mortality and significantly improving quality of life.