Pandemi (Covid-19) döneminde okul öncesi ve okul çağında çocuğu olan annelerin covid-19 korkusu ile iyimserlik-kötümserlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi
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2023
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Bu araştırmada, pandemi (Covid-19) döneminde okul öncesi ve okul çağında çocuğu olan annelerin Covid-19 korkusu ile İyimserlik-Kötümserlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Araştırma, Eylül-Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında çevrimiçi araştırma anketine katılmayı kabul eden ve eksiksiz tamamlayan 3-10 yaş grubu çocuğu olan 450 anne ile gerçekleştirildi. Verilerin toplanmasında 'Tanıtıcı bilgi formu', 'Koronavirüs (Covid-19) Korkusu Ölçeği' ve 'İyimserlik-Kötümserlik Ölçeği' olmak üzere üç ayrı form kullanıldı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde istatistiksel analizler için NCSS (Number Cruncher Statistical System) programı kullanıldı. Çalışma verileri değerlendirilirken tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metodlar, Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn-Bonferroni testleri ve Spearman korelasyon analizi kullanıldı. Araştırmaya katılan annelerin Covid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği puan ortalaması 17,28±6,36, iyimserlik alt boyutundan aldıkları puan ortalaması 29,46±6,09 ve kötümserlik alt boyutundan aldıkları puan ortalaması 17,56±6,09 puandı. Annelerin Covid-19 korkusu arttıkça iyimserlik düzeyleri azalmış (p<0,05), kötümserlik düzeyleri ise artmıştı (p<0,01). Okul öncesi ve okul döneminde olan çocuğa sahip kadınlar iki ayrı grupta incelendiğinde ise kadınların Covid-19 Korku düzeyleri ile iyimserlik düzeyleri arasında anlamlı ilişki yoktu (p>0,05). Kötümserlik düzeyleri her iki grupta da Covid-19 korku düzeyi arttıkça pozitif yönde artmıştı(p<0,01). Annelerin gelir düzeyi arttıkça, Covid-19 korku düzeylerinde ve kötümserlik düzeylerinde azalma saptanırken (p<0,05), iyimserlik düzeylerini etkilemediği saptandı (p>0,05). Kadınların eşlerinin eğitim durumu ilk öğretim olanların, lise ve lisans olanlara göre kötümserlik düzeyleri daha yüksek, evli kadınların boşanmış olan kadınlara göre iyimserlik düzeyleri daha düşüktü (p<0,05). Annelerin diğer demografik özelliklerinin Covid-19 korku düzeyi, iyimserlik ve kötümserlik düzeylerini etkilemediği bulundu (p>0,05). Annelerin çocuklarıyla baş başa geçirdikleri süre arttıkça iyimserlik düzeylerinin arttığı, kötümserlik düzeylerinin azaldığı (p<0,05) ve Covid-19 korku düzeyinin ise etkilenmediği saptandı (p>0,05). Çalışma sonucunda pandemi gibi toplumun hayatını etkileyen korku ve endişe gibi duygulara, travmaya neden olabilecek durumlarda özellikle çocuk ve ebeveyn hayatının olumsuz etkilenmemesi için önceden hazırlıklı olmak ve bu tür durumlarla karşılaşıldığında da psikolojik destek programlarının hızlı ve etkin bir şekilde uygulanmasının yararlı olacağı görüşüne varıldı. Anahtar Kelimeler: Anne, Çocuk, Covid-19 Korkusu, İyimserlik, Kötümserlik
It was aimed in this study to determine the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and optimism-pessimism levels of mothers with preschool or school-aged children during the pandemic (COVID-19) period. The study was carried out between September and December 2021 with 450 mothers, who agreed to participate in the study and fully completed the online survey, who had children between the ages of 3-10. Three different forms were used for the data collection: 'Personal information form', 'Fear of COVID-19 Scale' and 'Optimism-Pessimism Scale'. NCSS (Number Cruncher Statistical System) program was used for statistical analysis in the evaluation of the data. Descriptive statistical methods, Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn-Bonferroni tests and Spearman correlation analysis were used in the evaluation of the study data. While the mean Fear of COVID-19 Scale score of the participating mothers was 17.28±6.36, mothers had a mean score of 29.46±6.09 on the optimism sub-dimension and 17.56±6.09 on the pessimism sub-dimension. As the mothers' fear of COVID-19 levels increased, their optimism levels decreased (p<0.05), whereas their pessimism levels increased (p<0.01). When women with preschool or school-age children were examined in two separate groups, no significant relationship was found between their fear of COVID-19 levels and optimism levels (p>0.05). There was a positive increase in the pessimism levels with an increase in the fear of COVID-19 levels in both groups (p<0.01). As the income level of mothers increased, fear of COVID-19 levels and pessimism levels decreased (p<0.05), however, it did not affect their optimism levels (p>0.05). While the pessimism levels of the mothers who had a spouse with primary education were higher than those who had a spouse with a high school and undergraduate level of education, the optimism levels of the married mothers were lower than the divorced mothers (p<0.05). The other demographic characteristics of the mothers were found not to have any effect on the fear of COVID-19, optimism and pessimism levels (p>0.05). The level of optimism was determined to increase and the level of pessimism decreased (p<0.05) as the time spent by the mothers with their children increased, whereas it did not affect the fear of COVID-19 level (p>0.05). In conclusion, especially in situations that may cause emotions such as fear and anxiety affecting the life of the society, such as a pandemic, it would be beneficial to be prepared in advance so the lives of children and parents are not affected adversely and provide psychological support programs quickly and effectively when such situations are encountered. Keywords: Mother, Child, Fear of COVID-19, Optimism, Pessimism
It was aimed in this study to determine the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and optimism-pessimism levels of mothers with preschool or school-aged children during the pandemic (COVID-19) period. The study was carried out between September and December 2021 with 450 mothers, who agreed to participate in the study and fully completed the online survey, who had children between the ages of 3-10. Three different forms were used for the data collection: 'Personal information form', 'Fear of COVID-19 Scale' and 'Optimism-Pessimism Scale'. NCSS (Number Cruncher Statistical System) program was used for statistical analysis in the evaluation of the data. Descriptive statistical methods, Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn-Bonferroni tests and Spearman correlation analysis were used in the evaluation of the study data. While the mean Fear of COVID-19 Scale score of the participating mothers was 17.28±6.36, mothers had a mean score of 29.46±6.09 on the optimism sub-dimension and 17.56±6.09 on the pessimism sub-dimension. As the mothers' fear of COVID-19 levels increased, their optimism levels decreased (p<0.05), whereas their pessimism levels increased (p<0.01). When women with preschool or school-age children were examined in two separate groups, no significant relationship was found between their fear of COVID-19 levels and optimism levels (p>0.05). There was a positive increase in the pessimism levels with an increase in the fear of COVID-19 levels in both groups (p<0.01). As the income level of mothers increased, fear of COVID-19 levels and pessimism levels decreased (p<0.05), however, it did not affect their optimism levels (p>0.05). While the pessimism levels of the mothers who had a spouse with primary education were higher than those who had a spouse with a high school and undergraduate level of education, the optimism levels of the married mothers were lower than the divorced mothers (p<0.05). The other demographic characteristics of the mothers were found not to have any effect on the fear of COVID-19, optimism and pessimism levels (p>0.05). The level of optimism was determined to increase and the level of pessimism decreased (p<0.05) as the time spent by the mothers with their children increased, whereas it did not affect the fear of COVID-19 level (p>0.05). In conclusion, especially in situations that may cause emotions such as fear and anxiety affecting the life of the society, such as a pandemic, it would be beneficial to be prepared in advance so the lives of children and parents are not affected adversely and provide psychological support programs quickly and effectively when such situations are encountered. Keywords: Mother, Child, Fear of COVID-19, Optimism, Pessimism
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Hemşirelik, Nursing
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