Üroloji ameliyatı olan hastaların taburculuk öncesi öğrenim gereksinimlerinin belirlemesi
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2020
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Bu çalışma, üroloji ameliyatı olan hastaların taburculuk öncesi öğrenim gereksinimlerinin belirlemesi amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Tanımlayıcı olarak planlanan araştırma, 1 Mayıs 30 Kasım 2019 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin üroloji kliniğinde gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmanın örneklemini; 18 yaş ve üzeri, genel ve spinal anestezi ile ameliyat olan, elektif (planlı) cerrahi uygulanan, duysal-algısal sorunu olmayan, en az okur-yazar olan ve herhangi bir psikiyatrik hastalığı bulunmayan hastalar olarak oluşturdu. Bu doğrultuda belirlenen tarihler arasında 112 hastaya ulaşıldı. Veriler; 'Hasta Bilgi Formu' ve 'Hasta Öğrenim Gereksinimleri Ölçeği (HÖGÖ)' aracılığı ile toplanıldı. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler IBM SPSS for Windows 24.0 programı kullanılarak analiz edildi. Tanımlayıcı verilerin kategorik değişkenlerin gösteriminde sayı (n) ve yüzde değeri (%), sayısal değerlerin gösteriminde normal dağılıma uygun veriler için ortalama±standart sapma, uymayan veriler için medyan±standart sapma kullanıldı. Tanıtıcı verilerde yer alan değişken gruplarında Hasta Öğrenim Gereksinimleri Ölçeği (HÖGÖ) ortalamalarının karşılaştırılmasında parametrik koşullar sağlandığında iki grup karşılaştırılmasında 'bağımsız gruplarda t-testi', sağlanmadığında 'Mann Whitney U testi', üç ve üzeri sayıda grup karşılaştırılmasında 'Kruskal Wallis (KW) testi' kullanıldı. İkiden fazla grupların karşılaştırılmasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunması durumunda farkın hangi gruptan kaynaklandığını belirlemek için ileri analiz yöntemlerine başvuruldu (Tukey HSD). İstatistik anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalamasının 56,50±32,47, %26,8'inin 51-60 yaş arası, %76,8'inin erkek olduğunu, %75,0'inin evli olduğu, %57,1'i ilköğretim mezunu olduğu, %57,1'inin taş tanısı ile yatış yaptığı, %32,1'inin Perkütan Nefrolitotomi ameliyat geçirdiği, %86,6'sının kapalı ameliyat yöntemiyle ameliyat olduğu, %67'sinin geçmişte bir ameliyat deneyiminin olmadığı ve %40,2'sinin kronik hastalığa sahip olmadığı belirlendi. Hasta öğrenim gereksinimleri toplam puan ortalamalarının 165,23±30,64 olduğu görüldü. Ayrıca 'toplum ve izlem, tedavi ve komplikasyonlar ve yaşam kalitesi' alt boyutları ile yaş, medeni durum, iş/meslek durumu ve tıbbi tanı arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu saptandı (p<0.05). Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda; üroloji ameliyatı olan hastaların taburculuk öncesi öğrenim gereksinimlerinin orta düzeyde olduğu, 'tedavi ve komplikasyonlar' alt boyut puanı en yüksek, 'duruma ilişkin duygular' alt boyut puanı en düşük öncelikli olduğu görüldü. Hastaların taburculuk öncesi eğitimler planlanırken, öncelikli öğrenim gereksinimlerine önemle yer verilmesi, hastaların bireysel ve hastalık özelliklerinin dikkate alınarak taburculuk öncesi eğitimlerin planlanması önerilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hasta, Hemşire, Öğrenim gereksinimleri, Taburculuk
IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRE-HOSPITAL DISCHARGE LEARNING NEEDS OF UROLOGIC SURGERY PATIENTS. The study was carried out to determine the pre-discharge learning needs of patients with urology surgery. The descriptive study was carried out between 1 May and 30 November 2019 in the urology clinic of a university hospital. The study sample consisted of people who were 18 years and over, least literate, applied elective (planned) surgery and who had surgery with general and spinal anesthesia and no sensory-perceptual problems and any psychiatric illnesses. 112 patients were reached between the dates determined. Data were collected through a Patient Information Form and the Patient Learning Needs Scale (PLNS). The data obtained in the study were analyzed using IBM SPSS for Windows 24.0 program. Numbers (n) and percentages (%) were used to present the categorical variables of the descriptive data. Mean ± standard deviation was used to present numerical data conforming to a normal distribution. To present numerical data not conforming to a normal distribution, median ± standard deviation was used. In order to compare the mean scores of the patient learning needs scale (PLNS) by the groups of variables of the descriptive data; the independent samples t-test was used for comparing two groups that met the parametric conditions, the Mann-Whitney U test was used when the parametric conditions were not met, and the Kruskal Wallis (KW) test was used for the comparison of three or more groups. When a statistically significant difference was detected in the comparison of more than two groups, advanced analysis methods were applied (Tukey HSD) to determine the group; from which the difference originated from. The statistical significance level was accepted as p <0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients was 56.50 ± 32.47. Of them, 26.8% were 51-60 years old, 76.8% were male, 75.0% were married, 57.1% were primary school graduates, 57.1 were hospitalized with kidney stone diagnosis, 32.1% had percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery, 86.6% had closed surgery, 67.0% had no previous surgery experience and 40.2% did not have any chronic disease. Patient learning needs total mean score was 165.23 ± 30.64. A significant difference was found between the sub-dimensions of 'community and follow-up, treatment and complications and quality of life' and age, marital status, job / occupational status, and medical diagnosis (p <0.05). Conclusions: Pre-discharge learning needs of patients with urology surgery were moderate, treatment and complications had the highest subscale score while feelings related to condition had the lowest. The patients' primary learning needs should be included, and pre-discharge training should be planned by considering the characteristics of the individuals and disease when planning pre-discharge training. Key Words: Discharge, Education requirement, Nurse, Patient
IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRE-HOSPITAL DISCHARGE LEARNING NEEDS OF UROLOGIC SURGERY PATIENTS. The study was carried out to determine the pre-discharge learning needs of patients with urology surgery. The descriptive study was carried out between 1 May and 30 November 2019 in the urology clinic of a university hospital. The study sample consisted of people who were 18 years and over, least literate, applied elective (planned) surgery and who had surgery with general and spinal anesthesia and no sensory-perceptual problems and any psychiatric illnesses. 112 patients were reached between the dates determined. Data were collected through a Patient Information Form and the Patient Learning Needs Scale (PLNS). The data obtained in the study were analyzed using IBM SPSS for Windows 24.0 program. Numbers (n) and percentages (%) were used to present the categorical variables of the descriptive data. Mean ± standard deviation was used to present numerical data conforming to a normal distribution. To present numerical data not conforming to a normal distribution, median ± standard deviation was used. In order to compare the mean scores of the patient learning needs scale (PLNS) by the groups of variables of the descriptive data; the independent samples t-test was used for comparing two groups that met the parametric conditions, the Mann-Whitney U test was used when the parametric conditions were not met, and the Kruskal Wallis (KW) test was used for the comparison of three or more groups. When a statistically significant difference was detected in the comparison of more than two groups, advanced analysis methods were applied (Tukey HSD) to determine the group; from which the difference originated from. The statistical significance level was accepted as p <0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients was 56.50 ± 32.47. Of them, 26.8% were 51-60 years old, 76.8% were male, 75.0% were married, 57.1% were primary school graduates, 57.1 were hospitalized with kidney stone diagnosis, 32.1% had percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery, 86.6% had closed surgery, 67.0% had no previous surgery experience and 40.2% did not have any chronic disease. Patient learning needs total mean score was 165.23 ± 30.64. A significant difference was found between the sub-dimensions of 'community and follow-up, treatment and complications and quality of life' and age, marital status, job / occupational status, and medical diagnosis (p <0.05). Conclusions: Pre-discharge learning needs of patients with urology surgery were moderate, treatment and complications had the highest subscale score while feelings related to condition had the lowest. The patients' primary learning needs should be included, and pre-discharge training should be planned by considering the characteristics of the individuals and disease when planning pre-discharge training. Key Words: Discharge, Education requirement, Nurse, Patient
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Hemşirelik, Bilgi gereksinimleri, Cerrahi-ürolojik, Hasta eğitimi, Nursing, Hasta eğitimi, Information requirements, Hemşirelik, Surgery-urologic, Patient education, Taburcu olmak, Patient education, Nursing, Taburcu olmak, Patient discharge, Üroloji, Patient discharge, Urology, Ürolojik hastalıklar, Urologic diseases