Kroman Çelik Kanço Tepe Projesi Kapsamında Yapılan Şehir İçi Patlatmalı Kazı Faaliyetleri Kaynaklı Titreşimlerin Yönetimi ve Analizi
Abstract
Bu tez çalışmasında, Kroman Çelik Sanayi Anonim Şirketine Ait Arazilerin İstenilen Kota Getirilecek Şekilde Hafriyatı ve Çevre İstinat Duvarları İnşası (Kanço Tepesi) Projesi sahasında gerçekleştirilen patlatmalı kazı faaliyetlerinin çevresel ve yapısal etkileri incelenmiştir. Patlatmalı kazıların titreşim, kaya fırlaması, toz ve hava şoku gibi çevresel olumsuzluklara neden olabilmesi sebebiyle, çalışma sahası çevresinde ve içerisinde bulunan risk unsuru yapıların etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla kapsamlı bir risk analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında saha çevresindeki ve içerisindeki risk unsuru yapılar dikkate alınarak bölgelendirme yapılmış ve her bölgeye özel patlatma modelleri geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, kazı esnasında oluşabilecek şev stabilitesi problemlerinin önüne geçmek için ayrı bir model uygulanmıştır. Proje sahası içerisinde yapılan şalt sahası inşaatı gibi hassas bölgeler için de taze beton döküm alanları göz önünde bulundurularak ayrı patlatma modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Patlatma sırasında oluşan titreşim ölçümleri 30 Kasım 2022 tarihinde yürürlüğe giren T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı Çevresel Gürültü Kontrolü Yönetmeliği esas alınarak değerlendirilmiş; sonuçlar, belirlenen eşik hasar limitlerinin altında kalmıştır. 833 adet patlatmadan elde edilen 2505 olay kullanılarak saha koşullarına uygun titreşim yayılım eşitlikleri türetilmiş ve bu eşitlikler literatürdeki benzer formüllerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, kontrollü patlatma uygulamalarının çevresel etkileri minimize ettiğini göstermektedir.
In this thesis study, the environmental and structural impacts of blasting operations conducted within the scope of the 'Excavation of Kroman Steel Industry Inc.'s Land to the Desired Elavation and Construction of Surrounding Retaining Walls (Kanço Hill) Project' were investigated. Since blasting excavations can lead to various environmental disturbances such as ground vibrations, fly rock, dust, and air shock, a comprehensive risk analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential impacts on critical structures located within and around the project area. As part of the study, zoning was performed by considering the risk-bearing structures in and around the site, and customized blasting models were developed for each designated zone. Additionally, a separate model was applied to prevent potential slope stability problems that could occur during excavation. For sensitive areas within the project site, such as the construction of the switchyard, specific blasting designs were created considering the presence of fresh concrete casting zones. The vibration and air shock measurements obtained during the blasting activities were evaluated in accordance with the Environmental Noise Control Regulation issued by the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change of the Republic of Türkiye, which came into force on November 30, 2022. The results remained below the established threshold damage limits. Using 2505 data obtained from 833 blasting operations, site-specific vibration propagation equations were derived and compared with similar empirical formulas from the literature. The findings of this study demonstrate that controlled blasting practices significantly reduce potential environmental impacts under- site- specific geological and structural conditions.
In this thesis study, the environmental and structural impacts of blasting operations conducted within the scope of the 'Excavation of Kroman Steel Industry Inc.'s Land to the Desired Elavation and Construction of Surrounding Retaining Walls (Kanço Hill) Project' were investigated. Since blasting excavations can lead to various environmental disturbances such as ground vibrations, fly rock, dust, and air shock, a comprehensive risk analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential impacts on critical structures located within and around the project area. As part of the study, zoning was performed by considering the risk-bearing structures in and around the site, and customized blasting models were developed for each designated zone. Additionally, a separate model was applied to prevent potential slope stability problems that could occur during excavation. For sensitive areas within the project site, such as the construction of the switchyard, specific blasting designs were created considering the presence of fresh concrete casting zones. The vibration and air shock measurements obtained during the blasting activities were evaluated in accordance with the Environmental Noise Control Regulation issued by the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change of the Republic of Türkiye, which came into force on November 30, 2022. The results remained below the established threshold damage limits. Using 2505 data obtained from 833 blasting operations, site-specific vibration propagation equations were derived and compared with similar empirical formulas from the literature. The findings of this study demonstrate that controlled blasting practices significantly reduce potential environmental impacts under- site- specific geological and structural conditions.
Description
Keywords
İnşaat Mühendisliği, Civil Engineering
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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