Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14517/19

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Accelerated Alkali-Silica Reaction After a Seven-Year Asr-Dormancy Period
(Kare Publishing, 2024) Beglarigale, A.
The ongoing alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in concrete can be halted by dryness, which is important for repairing ASR-suffered concrete structures. Drying of the concrete establishes an ASR-dormancy period until the end of the dryness. The residual expansion of such concrete after the ingress of water—the end of the dormancy period—is a significant risk, especially for repair works. In this experimental study, the post-dormancy expansion of various mixtures prepared by eight different Portland cement and three different supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) were tested using an accelerated mortar bar test. After accelerated ASR expansions, an ASR-dormancy period was established by keeping the specimens dry for seven years; the residual ASR expansions of the specimens were tested by the same accelerated meth-od. The effect of pre-dormancy reactions on the residual expansions was discussed through two perspectives. The post-dormancy expansion behavior of mixtures without or with insufficient SCM indicated that expansions were primarily driven by the swelling of old gel, whereas in specimens with sufficient SCM, the dominant mechanism was new gel formation, a result of lower pre-dormancy expansions due to the ASR-mitigating effect of SCMs. © 2024, Kare Publishing. All rights reserved.
Ag and Al2o3/Water Two-Phase Transient Flow Analysis in a Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger Equipped With Baffles and Rotating Inner Tube
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Al-Saad, M.; Ali, A.B.M.; Al-Mosallam, M.; Fares, M.N.; Fazilati, M.A.; Salahshour, S.; Sabetvand, R.
Considering the wide application of double-pipe heat exchanger made their performance improvement very important. Employing aqueous nanofluid (NF) of Ag and Al2O3 as the working fluid inside the inner tube of the heat exchanger and its rotation as the respective passive and active enhancing methods are investigated numerically using the two-phase mixture method. The sensitivity analysis was performed to reveal the effect of Reynolds (Re) number, NF concentration and tube rotational speeds on heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer effectiveness, and efficiency ratio. The Re number, NF concentration, and rotation speed lie in 1000-3000, 0–4 %, and 300–500 rpm, respectively. The results show the higher improving effect of Ag rather than Al2O3 nanoparticle; for Re = 1000, 1500 and 2000 the efficiency ratio averaged between different concentrations are 39 %, 30 %, 20 % for Al2O3/water and 62 %, 65 % and 26 % for Ag/water NFs, respectively. By increasing the Re number, the enhancing effect of velocity increment on heat transfer rate prevails and hinders that of employing NF. Also, in rotating mode, the enhancement made by increasing the Re number is higher in the rotation speed of 500 rather than 300 rpm. The overall change of efficiency ratio versus the Re number increment is decreasing and the greatest improving effect of using NF is for the lowest Re numbers. Also, the enhancement due to increasing the Re number increment is higher at a rotational speed of 500 rather than 300 rpm. © 2025 The Authors
Analysis and Implementation of Sensorless Pmsm Drive With Reduced Dc-Link Capacitance Under Parameter Variations
(Ieee, 2024) Sumsek, Reha Ozgur; Calik, Ramazan; Yavuz, Fikri Serkan; Kivanc, Omer Cihan
In AC drives used in heating, ventilation and air-conditioning applications, film capacitors are becoming widespread instead of electrolytic capacitors in DC-link. These drives with reduced capacitor value provide cost and volume advantages. However, dc-link oscillation increases due to the reduced capacity value. These oscillations cause instability, overvoltage and an increase in total harmonic distortion (THD). On the other hand, the winding temperatures of these motors, which operate continuously under rated operating conditions, reach 80 degrees C. The stator resistance and rotor flux value, which change with the increase in temperature, cause these drives, controlled without sensors, to operate even more unstable. In this study, a hybrid approach is proposed to improve the performance of the inverter using a 16 mu F film capacitor at the dc-link and to reduce the THD. The active damping method regulates the inverter output voltage for DC-link voltage stabilization. A permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) sensorless speed control based on stator feedforward voltage estimation and a model reference adaptive system (MRAS) based on a multiparameter estimation algorithm is performed to minimize the effects of parameter variations. As a result of the experimental studies, it is observed that the grid input current complies with the IEC61000-3-2 standard, even under severe parameter variations.
Antihypertensive Drug Box Sales Between January 2019 - June 2024 in Turkish Drug Market: Investigating the Drug Group and Fix-Dose Combination Sales
(Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ankara (FABAD), 2025) Vural, E.H.; Gümüşel, B.
The financial and emotional burden of chronic diseases, including hypertension, has been rising. The objective of this study was to assess the trends in box sales of antihypertensive medications in Türkiye and to compare these trends across the antihypertensive medicine subgroups. This study analyzed retail and hospital box sales of antihypertensive drug groups recommended by guidelines between January 2019 and June 2024. The data used in this study were obtained from IQVIA. While antihypertensive drugs sold a total of 176,453,254 boxes in 2019, they were sold 203,690,099 boxes in 2023, a 15.44% increase. The best-selling drug group is the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) antagonists. Angiotensin Receptor Blocker-Diuretic fixed-dose combination (FDC) is the best-selling subgroup in the RAS antagonists. FDCs of RAS antagonists are more often used than their mono forms, and in 2022 and 2023, FDCs of calcium channel blockers have begun to outsell their combined formulations. Triple FDCs of the RAS antagonists with calcium channel blockers and diuretics have been increasing regularly. In Türkiye, drug groups that have had the highest share in the antihypertensive drug market in recent years are the groups recommended in the guidelines. Increasing the triple FDC consumption is valuable for the rational treatment of hypertension. © 2025 Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ankara (FABAD). All rights reserved.
Antioxidant Activity, Chemical Composition, and Therapeutic Activity of Essential Oils From Certain Lamiaceae Species in Turkiye
(Marmara Univ, Fac Pharmacy, 2024) Goksu Surucu, Canan; Dumlupinar, Berrak; Gurbuz, Burcak; Seker Karatoprak, Gokce; Bahtiyarca, Reyhan; Ilgun, Selen
The study examined the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and potential anticancer properties of lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia 'Grosso'), oregano (Origanum vulgare 'Ulu & gbreve; Bey'), and sage (Salvia officinalis 'Beyhekim') essential oils (EOs). Chemical analysis revealed that oregano is rich in carvacrol (81.23%), cymene (5.51%), and 18cineole (2.13%). Sage contains notable quantities of alpha- thujone (17.47%), camphor (13.59%), and borneol (12.14%). Lavandin is predominantly composed of linalool (41.10%), linalyl acetate (16.66%), and camphor (10.01%). The antimicrobial tests demonstrated that lavandin EOs exhibited a high inhibition rate of 90.77% at 1000 pg/mL, which subsequently decreased with lower concentrations. The oregano essential oils demonstrated robust antimicrobial activity across all concentrations, with a 10.97% inhibition rate observed even at the lowest concentration. The sage EOs exhibited a rapid decline in antimicrobial activity, reaching 4.97% at the lowest concentration. Both the DPPH and ABTS assays demonstrated that the antioxidant capacity of the essential oils was concentration-dependent. The cytotoxicity values of oregano essential oil were 35.58 at 50 pg/mL, 32.39 at 25 pg/mL, and 30.92 at 12.5 pg/mL. Similar cytotoxicity results were observed for sage and lavandin essential oils. These findings indicate that plant essential oils exert a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on cell growth, significantly inhibiting cells at high concentrations. The research indicates that essential oils derived from Lamiaceae plants exhibit robust antimicrobial effects against a range of pathogens, suggesting potential applications as alternative therapies for specific microbial infections, comparable to ciprofloxacin at certain concentrations.
Applying different machine learning algorithms to predict the viscosity behavior of MWCNT–alumina/water–ethylene glycol (80:20) hybrid antifreeze
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Hussein, S.A.; Omar, I.; Saddam, A.B.; Baghoolizadeh, M.; Salahshour, S.; Pirmoradian, M.
While machine learning has become the new way of analyzing data, neutral networks form the basis of this revolutionary technology. In this work, we shall employ the power of neural networks to analyze and demystify the processes in nanofluids. By combining the precision of neural networks with the optimization capabilities of genetic algorithms, we aim to create a more accurate and efficient prediction model for MWCNT-alumina/water-ethylene glycol (80:20) hybrid antifreeze. Our approach entails using an MLP neural network and several training functions (LM, GD, BFGS, BN) with an adjustable number of neurons. The inputs of the network are φ (solid volume fraction or ϕ), temperature (T), and shear rate (γ), and the output is μnf of MWCNT-alumina/water-ethylene glycol (80:20) hybrid anti-freeze. To improve the accuracy of the final model, we use genetic optimization to make final adjustments to the parameters of the neural network. Utilizing the detailed analysis of the primary characteristics of these algorithms, we conclude that the BFGS function is the best to obtain neural network training. Steady performance achieved by this function—0.99828 of the R-value and RMSE value significantly equal to 0.213—illustrates good stability and accuracy of the suggested model. This work contributes to progressing the existing knowledge about the behavior of nanofluids and can stimulate further improvement in heat transfer and energy utilization. © 2024 The Author(s)
Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Levels of Faculty of Health Sciences Students and Affecting Factors
(AVES, 2025) Çoban, N.; Kar, D.; Berk, Ş.N.
Objective: Artificial intelligence (AI) technology advancements are poised to bring significant changes to the healthcare field. As the adoption of AI systems in healthcare continues to grow, there is an increasing need to equip future healthcare professionals with the necessary knowledge and skills to work effectively with these technologies. This study explores the level of anxiety related to AI and examines the factors influencing this anxiety among university students enrolled in health sciences programs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was descriptive and correlational. The study was carried out with 450 students at the İstanbul Gedik University, Faculty of Health Sciences (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Child Development, Nutrition and Diet, Occupational Health and Safety). A descriptive questionnaire and an AI anxiety scale were used to obtain the research data, which were analyzed using numerical data, descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, independent groups t-test, and post-hoc analysis. Results: The mean total score on the Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale (AIAS) was 109.642 ± 30.452 (min = 42; max = 147). Among the sub-dimensions of the AIAS, the mean of the Learning sub-dimension was 41.096 ± 12.083 (min = 16; max = 56), the mean of the Job Change sub-dimension was 31.118 ± 9.022 (min = 12; max = 42), the mean of the Sociotechnical Blindness sub-dimension was 21.558 ± 5.892 (min = 8; max = 28), and the mean of the AI Configuration sub-dimension was 15.871 ± 4.831 (min = 6; max = 21). Conclusion: According to this study, students from the Faculty of Health Sciences had a high level of AI anxiety. Significant differences were found between students’ AI anxiety levels according to gender, their thoughts about AI, their trust in AI-based devices, their desire to change their profession because of AI, and their use of AI in patient care. © 2025 AVES. All rights reserved.
Artificial Neural Networks; Definition, Properties and Misuses
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2021) Guresen, E.; Kayakutlu, G.
There are no such clear and good definitions of ANNs in the literature. Many of the definitions refer to the figures instead of well explaining the ANNs. That is why many weighted graphs (as in shortest path problem networks) fit the definition of ANN. This study aims to give a clear definition that will differentiate ANN and graphs (or networks) by referring to biological neural networks. Although there is no input choice limitation or prior assumption in ANN, sometimes researchers compare ANN achievements with the results of other methods using different input data and make comments on these results. This study also gives examples from literature to misuses, unfair comparisons and evaluates the underlying reasons which will guide researchers. © 2011 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Assessing Parents Perception of Environmental Awareness
(Stef92 Technology Ltd, 2013) Ozyaral, O.; Ayra, F.; Kaya, E.
It is inevitable to avoid from the influences of some adversities to arise in the ecosystem as "environmental risks" on our lives. The present study aims to determine the level of perception of parents on environmental awareness and environmental protection and to raise awareness on the environmental value and protection. In the present study, the questionnaires were administered to the parents of two private kindergarten students in Ki{dotless}zi{dotless}ltoprak-Erenköy districts on the Asian side of Istanbul as well as the parents of first and second grade students of a private primary school in Umraniye district on the Asian side of Istanbul. The parents of these first and second grade students and the kindergarten students were asked to fill in these questionnaires. A questionnaire prepared by the researchers and consisting of 76 questions was administered to the parents of the kindergarten students in order to measure their parents' environmental perception, 12 of which were prepared to measure the demographic characteristics and 64 of which were prepared for the perception measurement. In the study, the relations between the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the parents and their environmental perceptions were tried to be found out. Moreover, to what extent the parents put into practice what they know was analyzed so that it can be shown how the information acquired affects the behavior acquisition. In line with the findings obtained, the fact that the awareness of the parents themselves on environment and ecosystem should be improved so that they can transfer the proper actions and approaches they have internalized to their children was found out. Emphasizing the environmental education in every part of the life and providing this education through non-governmental organizations and the experts and the efficiency of the media in this regard were among the results. In addition, the environmental awareness studies should begin during childhood for the sustainability of the environmental awareness education and the media studies should be heavily focused on so that the socio-cultural behavior changes could be ensured in the society and the social media studies should be made. © SGEM2013 All Rights Reserved by the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM.
Assessment of 5-6 Years Old Children's Perception of Environmental Awareness & Environmental Protection
(2013) Ozyaral, O.; Karakaya, M.; Kaya, E.
The aim of this study was to identify and assess the perception of environmental awareness and protection among preschool children (4-5-6 years old), and develop education programs accordingly. To that end, we carried out a survey that consisted of 46 questions by means of face to face question-answer method. To create environmental consciousness and raise awareness of environmental protection at an early age, it is very important to make a proper assessment of answers given to the questions about the role of education in the creation of environmental awareness and environmental protection, when and how such education should take place, and from where such education should be received to achieve higher efficiency. In this context, the answers to the aforementioned questions will help us develop healthy methods to create environmental consciousness, raise realistic, permanent awareness of environmental protection, and instill good habits. The subjects of the study were 37 children, who were attending research-based preschool institutions resident in the districts of Ki{dotless}zi{dotless}ltoprak-Erenköy on the Anatolian Side of Istanbul. The children were at the same time attending regular preschool institutions. Within the scope of the study, we identified the parents' level of education as well as the children's perception levels about environment and environmental pollution (air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, soil, and recycling), information sources, lifestyles, and habits. The study revealed that, along with the parents' educational background, the education received from preschool institutions and mass media play a significant, efficient role in the creation of environmental consciousness and awareness of environmental protection among children, and that we need to develop more efficient means of education. © SGEM2013 All Rights Reserved by the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM.
Assessment of Stiffness-Dependent Autophagosome Formation and Apoptosis in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma Tumor Cells
(2025) Sezen, S.; Adiguzel, S.; Zarepour, A.; Khosravi, A.; Gordon, J.W.; Ghavami, S.; Zarrabi, A.
Remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) eventually causes the stiffening of tumors and changes to the microenvironment. The stiffening alters the biological processes in cancer cells due to altered signaling through cell surface receptors. Autophagy, a key catabolic process in normal and cancer cells, is thought to be involved in mechano-transduction and the level of autophagy is probably stiffness-dependent. Here, we provide a methodology to study the effect of matrix stiffness on autophagy in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells. To mimic stiffness, we seeded cells on GelMA hydrogel matrices with defined stiffness and evaluated autophagy-related endpoints. We also evaluated autophagy-dependent pathways, apoptosis, and cell viability. Specifically, we utilized immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy to track autophagosome formation through LC3 lipidation. This approach suggests that the use of GelMA hydrogels with defined stiffness represents a novel method to evaluate the role of autophagy in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and other cancer cells. © 2024. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Brain Drain in Yemeni Universities: Analysis of Hr Management Strategies for Retention and Job Satisfaction
(Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited, 2025) Alhebshi, S.H.S.; Alharazi, A.F.A.; Abdullah, A.A.; Taleb, N.R.M.; Khalaf, A.M.A.
Brain drain is one of the most serious problems that economic development and educational standards in countries like Yemen especially suffer from. The study investigates the link between HR management approaches, labor satisfaction, and their combined impact on Yemen’s economy. The research highlights the importance of a high-skilled labor force in global development and the paradoxical challenges brain drain imposes. The main objective of this project is to study the complicated patterns that lead to brain drain, assess its economic impact on academic establishments and a country as well analyze methods used by HRM- human resources managers; they also help identify other implications derived from job satisfaction including role play. This work reflects on the nuances of organizational efficacies, analyzing how HRM policies influence retention or attrition rates for competent workers. This stage aims to explore the complicated relationship between an individual’s happiness and their overall organizational system. It seeks to delve further into the understanding of how job satisfaction can accentuate or mitigate brain drain. The findings provide evidence of the significant effects of HR management techniques, satisfaction with work, and economic variables on the intentions toward leaving for other countries among academic staff members in Yemeni universities. On the one hand, discriminant validity analyses prove that measuring constructs are distinct from each other whereas R values highlight the predictive relevancy of the structural model. Mediation studies show that satisfaction with pay is a mediator between salary, supervision, and intentions of brain drain. ©The Authors.
Carbon-Doped Percentage Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Nanoporous Silicon Sample Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Sawaran Singh, N.S.; Ali, A.B.M.; Ameen, H.F.M.; Al-Zahiwat, M.M.; Salahshour, S.; Emami, N.
Porous materials have attracted considerable attention from researchers due to its many uses in molecular separation, heterogeneous catalysis, absorption technologies, and electronic improvements. These solid materials, often defined by their structural voids, are essential in several sectors. This research investigated the impact of carbon doping on the mechanical characteristics of nanoporous silicon matrices. The use of high-purity silicon doping is very beneficial in the semiconductor industry and is crucial for high-power devices and automotive applications. This study simulates a nanoporous silicon sample by molecular dynamics methods, adding carbon doping at different concentrations. The findings demonstrate that when the carbon doping concentration escalated from 1 % to 30 %, the mechanical resistance of the system decreased correspondingly. The ultimate tensile strength fell from 10.26 to 9.02 GPa. Furthermore, Young's modulus rose from 83.47 to 98.37 GPa. The decline in mechanical stability was associated with a drop in the model's total weight, which had considerable ramifications for industrial applications. Thus, incorporating C-doped nanoporous silicon into real applications not only lowered the weight of target materials but also improved their use. © 2025 The Author(s)
Central nervous system parasites
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2024) Aydinli, A.
When parasitic infections of the Central Nervous System (CNS) are examined, we encounter quite a lot of parasites. Among protozoans, especially free-living amoebae (such as Naegleria, Acanthamoeba, Balamuthia, and Sappinia) have attracted attention in recent years. In addition to these, Microsporidia (Encephalitozoon), Hartmanella, Malaria, Toxoplasma, etc. will appear. It is important that different parasites are identified using different laboratory methods and their treatments are also different. © 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Clinical Application of New Possible Biomarkers in the Assessment and Monitoring of Nutritional Status
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2022) Yesilkaya, B.
Nutrition is directly related to human health. It is very critical to determine the nutritional status to prevent or diagnose diseases and create the right treatment plans. The determination of the nutritional status provides an early diagnosis of growth and development retardation such as malnutrition. It also plays a major role in preventing diseases that may be caused by vitamin and mineral deficiencies. It helps in the surveillance of one of the world's most serious health problems, namely “obesity.” Different ways can be used to assess nutritional status. One of the best ways to assess the nutritional and health status is to use biomarkers. A biomarker is a substance whose detection indicates a specific disease state or a response to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers are used to detect nutrient consumption and deficiencies as early as possible, enabling early intervention for metabolic problems. Biomarkers also allow the visualization of diseases that a person might develop or potentially have with a sample, such as blood, tissue, and urine, from the person. Health interventions such as nutritional advice will preserve health or promote rapid recovery. In this chapter, the topic of biomarkers related to nutrition and nutrient deficiencies is discussed. The existence of new possible biomarkers is also reviewed. © 2022, Bentham Books imprint.
The CMS Statistical Analysis and Combination Tool: Combine
(Springer Nature, 2024) Zhokin, A.; Zhizhin, I.; Zarubin, A.; Yuldashev, B.S.; Voytishin, N.; Vorotnikov, G.; Moran, D.
This paper describes the Combine software package used for statistical analyses by the CMS Collaboration. The package, originally designed to perform searches for a Higgs boson and the combined analysis of those searches, has evolved to become the statistical analysis tool presently used in the majority of measurements and searches performed by the CMS Collaboration. It is not specific to the CMS experiment, and this paper is intended to serve as a reference for users outside of the CMS Collaboration, providing an outline of the most salient features and capabilities. Readers are provided with the possibility to run Combine and reproduce examples provided in this paper using a publicly available container image. Since the package is constantly evolving to meet the demands of ever-increasing data sets and analysis sophistication, this paper cannot cover all details of Combine. However, the online documentation referenced within this paper provides an up-to-date and complete user guide. © CERN, for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration 2024.
Coupling Effects of Strain Gradient and Surface Energy on Dynamic Instability of Small-Scale Timoshenko Beams Traversed by Sequential Moving Nanoparticles
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Sawaran Singh, N.S.; Ali, A.B.M.; Abed Hussein, M.; Mohammed, J.K.; Kharraji, O.; Pirmoradian, M.; Salahshour, S.
This study aims to explore the dynamic instability of micro and nano-sized Timoshenko beams as they are traversed by sequentially moving nanoparticles. The beams, characterized by a rectangular cross-section and homogeneity, are situated within a Pasternak foundation, which provides a supportive elastic medium. The research investigation determines nanoparticle inertia effects at velocity while establishing motion equations through Hamilton's principle. The model unites nonlinear von Kàrmàn strain-displacement kinematics with strain gradient theory and Gurtin-Murdoch small-scale accounting. The system's behavior gets analyzed through the implementation of Galerkin method which derives time-periodic motion equations. The incremental harmonic balance approach develops stability boundary maps that separate stable and unstable regions through which analysts can examine parameter spaces containing moving particle mass and velocity values. This study evaluates how different parameters like beam diameters together with small-scale characteristics and elastic medium constants and residual stress and axial compressive forces affect the stability diagram. The analysis demonstrates that stability parameters become substantially modified when researchers include length scale characteristics along with surface effects. The outcome reveals that axial compressive forces reduce stability yet environmental effects strengthen the stability of small-scale beams which leads to transition curve movements towards faster moving particles velocities. This study contributes fundamental knowledge about dynamic instability effects in small-scale beams which will help future advances in nanotechnology and materials science. © 2025 The Authors
Design of a Position Controlled Electric Actuator Used in Fluid Control Valves
(IEEE, 2016) Tosun, Gurkan; Kivanc, O. Cihan; Oguz, Ender; Mutlu, Yasar; Ustun, Ozgur
Valves are the main elements for controlling fluids in industry and other application areas. To control flow precisely, valves need a controlled action which leads to implement actuators, gear systems and electronic controllers. Increasing dominance of electrical actuators due to the advantages of easy control and intervention and space-efficient designs brings seldom implementation of hydraulic and pneumatic actuation. In fluid control applications, the main target is to obtain the right position, i.e. angle for rotary actuators, for adjusting flow rate. In this study, the design and implementation of a position controlled electrically actuated valve used for fluid control are presented. The design phases of system universal power supply and electronic control system are given and the experimental results of position control which are representing the validation the design study is also discussed. Also a special current control scheme is used to overcome transient disruptions.
Developed and Characterization of a Novel Cd Doped CeO2 Nanofilm and Application of Methyl Orange Removed by Photodegradation
(Springer, 2025) Söyleyici Çergel, M.; Demir, E.; Kurtaran, S.
Cerium oxide (CeO2) films doped with cadmium (Cd) were synthesized employing the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique (USP). The structural, surface, and optical properties of the prepared Cd-doped CeO2 films were also investigated. All films were polycrystalline, exhibiting as cubic fluorite structure. In addition, the optical bandgap obtained using the UV data ranged from 3.23 to 3.52 eV. Cd-doped CeO2 films exhibited Raman scattering, in which the multi-peak setting of the first optical longitudinal mode was observed, indicated the Raman shift of the characteristic peak in the ~ 461 cm−1 range. In addition, the photodegradation capacities of Cd-doped CeO2 films were investigated for the removal of pesticides that pollute human and environmental health. As a result, proposed Cd-doped CeO2 thin films show very high (approximate 80%) photocatalytic activity for removing important pollutants, such as methyl orange dyestuff. Consequently, the CeO2 film doped with Cd can be readily reused for five cycles without a notable alteration in photocatalytic activity. © Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2024.
Development of an Acoustic Conduction Mechanism of a Metamaterial for Underwater Environment Applications
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Sathish, K.; Ravikumar, C.V.; Imaduddin, M.; Yu-Chen, H.; Ahmadian, A.; Mehta, S.
The reduction of engine noise is a challenging issue for devices that must operate silently. Noise is not only an annoyance, but it may also be utilized as a compass to identify clandestine vehicles, such as submarines. This is especially true when the stealthy vehicle in issue is involved. Traditional methods, such as identifying the source of the noise and taking the appropriate precautions to avoid it, could be used to regulate the noise level in a certain region. Due to the high mass density and low volume of the used materials, conventional construction techniques cannot be applied to underwater construction. It is crucial to develop innovative materials that have the potential to be employed in maritime applications. The study of acoustic metamaterials, which is currently a subject of significant attention because of its possible application in submarines, is frequently recognized as one of the most intriguing fields to have emerged in recent years. This chapter describes and highlights the benefits of acoustic metamaterials that have the potential to be utilized in submarines. Achieving high levels of sound absorption has been aided by the utilization of metamaterials, which are created by combining several materials of varying forms. The incorporation of numerous layers in the structure enhanced the material’s ability to absorb sound. Not only does the operation of the engine affect the level of background noise, but so do the characteristics of the numerous building components. Variations in engine speed and strain on the material cause a resonance effect, which is caused by the activation of the material’s intrinsic frequencies. Consequently, the use of sonar to pinpoint the precise location of submarines is fraught with danger. This study’s objective is to demonstrate the significance of the topic, as well as resonance protection measures and experimental results for resonance detection using acoustic analysis of metamaterial-based underwater acoustic channels. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

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