Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection

Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URIhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14517/19

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Optimized Deep Neural Network for Attack Detection in Cyber-Physical Systems for Smart Healthcare Using Modified Ant Lion Optimization
(CEUR-WS, 2025) Ahmadian, A.; Yadav, A.K.; Ferrara, M.
The widespread implementation of innovative healthcare systems brings about notable security risks, especially in cyber-physical systems (CPS). Ensuring patient safety and system performance is crucial in CPS, particularly when detecting and preventing attacks. This paper discusses smart healthcare systems and presents a modified deep neural network (DNN) model that can effectively classify various types of attacks on CPS. In addition, we present a modified Ant Lion Optimization (ALO) algorithm that enhances the model’s accuracy and reliability when combined with ensemble methods. By incorporating multiple feature selection techniques, the voting-based ensemble selection method improves the ability to detect attacks by leveraging the importance of the rankings of each feature assessed in those approaches. This enhances the recovery of vital data while minimizing the number of characteristics utilized for identification. Our optimized DNN model outperforms traditional approaches regarding real-time attack detection in smart healthcare system networks. From a theoretical standpoint, the methods outlined in the paper have the potential to enhance the security measures implemented in the construction of CPS and significantly bolster the resilience of smart healthcare systems against the latest cyber threats. The optimized DNN, which was further optimized with the help of the modified ALO algorithm, returned excellent results, with a carpet accuracy of 99.5%, a precision of 99.3%, a recall of 99.4%, an F1-score of 99.35%, and an ROCAUC of 0.995. Such metrics illustrate the model’s effectiveness in detecting and classifying different cyberattack forms with a high accuracy rate. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Effects of Sugammadex and Rocuronium on Electro-Mechanical Activity of Cardiac Myocytes
(2025) Arun, O.; Öztürk, N.; Erkan, O.; Ozdemir, S.; Arun, F.; Yanardag, S.B.; Ayaz, M.
BACKGROUND: Sugammadex reverses the effects of steroidal neuromuscular-blocking agents, such as rocuronium, by encapsulating these agents. Its cardiovascular adverse effects include QTc prolongation, hypotension, bradycardia, atrioventricular block, atrial fibrillation, and asystole. Additionally, rocuronium has cardiac side effects, such as bradycardia, hypotension, cardiac arrest, circulatory collapse, and ventricular fibrillation. Herein, we investigated the effects of sugammadex, rocuronium, and combined rocuronium + sugammadex on cardiac electrophysiological parameters. METHODS: In vitro experiments were performed using ventricular myocytes obtained from male Wistar rats. Myocyte contraction and relaxation responses were recorded along with action potential (AP), and L-type calcium (ICaL) and potassium channel currents (Ito, Iss, and IK1). RESULTS: Sugammadex caused dose-dependent decreases in myocyte contraction and relaxation responses. Rocuronium had no effect in this respect, whereas its co-administration with sugammadex led to decreased contraction responses. Sugammadex prolonged the AP repolarization phase, whereas rocuronium prolonged all AP phases. Co-administration of sugammadex and rocuronium did not significantly affect AP parameters. Sugammadex suppressed the peak ICaL value, while rocuronium caused an even greater decrease. Co-administration of these drugs further decreased the current-voltage characteristics of the ICaL. However, no significant effects were observed on the potassium currents. CONCLUSIONS: Separate or combined administration of sugammadex and rocuronium had various effects on myocyte contractility, AP, and ICaL, which could cause significant changes leading to adverse cardiac events. Further experimental and clinical studies are required to understand the clinical consequences of the modulatory effects of these drugs on cardiac electrophysiological parameters. This record is sourced from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
A High-Efficiency Fourth-Order Iterative Method for Nonlinear Equations: Convergence and Computational Gains
(Academic Press Inc., 2026) Naseem, A.; Gdawiec, K.; Qureshi, S.; Argyros, I.K.; Ur Rehman, M.A.; Soomro, A.; Hinçal, E.
This study introduces an optimal fourth-order iterative method derived by combining two established methods, resulting in enhanced convergence when solving nonlinear equations. Through rigorous convergence analysis using both Taylor expansion and the Banach space framework, the fourth-order optimality condition is verified. We demonstrate the superior efficiency and stability of this new method compared to traditional alternatives. Numerical experiments confirm its effectiveness, showing a reduction in the average number of iterations and computational time. Visual analysis with polynomiographs confirms the method's robustness, focusing on convergence area index, iteration count, computational time, fractal dimension, and Wada measure of basins. These findings underscore the potential of this optimal method for tackling complex nonlinear problems in various scientific and engineering fields. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Impact of Initial Pressure and Heat Flux on Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide Production in Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass: A Molecular Dynamics Study
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Al-Asadi, M.; Basem, A.B.M.; Jasim, D.J.; Sawaran Singh, N.S.S.; Salahshour, S.; Sajadi, S.; Vahedi, K.
This study investigates the effects of initial pressure and external heat flux on hydrogen and carbon monoxide production during the supercritical water gasification of biomass. According to the results, after one nanosecond of equilibration, the system reached thermal equilibrium and structural stability, with potential and total energies stabilizing at –83.84 and –83.77 kcal/mol, respectively. The results show that increasing the initial pressure from 0 to 2.5 bar caused a decrease in the number of CO molecules from 86 to 71 and H₂ molecules from 574 to 543, indicating that higher pressure suppressed gas formation. Combustion efficiency also declined from 32 % to 25 % with increasing pressure, suggesting more complete reactions under elevated pressure conditions. Conversely, heat flux slightly increases from 3.92 to 4.06 W/m², likely due to enhanced gas production, while thermal conductivity rose from 0.30 to 0.37 W/m·K, reflecting improved heat transfer resulting from denser atomic packing. Furthermore, increasing the external heat flux from 0.001 to 0.005 W/m² intensified molecular dissociation, raising CO and H₂ counts from 93 to 112 and 605 to 692, respectively, which corresponded with an improvement in combustion efficiency from 49 % to 69 %. However, the heat flux decreases from 3.89 to 3.76 W/m², and thermal conductivity dropped from 0.28 to 0.19 W/m·K with higher heat flux, attributed to structural degradation and disrupted conductive pathways. Overall, these findings demonstrate the complex interplay between pressure and heat flux on gasification efficiency, molecular product distribution, and thermal properties, providing valuable insights for optimizing hydrogen production through supercritical water gasification of biomass. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
The Relationship Between Emotional Expression Skills and Psychosocial Care Competencies Among Nurses in Turkey: A Cross-Sectional Study
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025) Toluk M.; Alagöz, E.; Afşar, F.
Background: Psychosocial care is a core component of nursing practice aimed at meeting the holistic needs of patients. In this context, nurses’ emotional expression skills play a critical role in delivering effective psychosocial care. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between nurses’ psychosocial care competencies and their emotional expression skills, and to explore the subdimensions of this relationship. Method: This descriptive and correlational cross-sectional study was conducted with 227 nurses working at a training and research hospital in Istanbul. Data were collected using a Socio-Demographic Information Form, the Psychosocial Care Competency Self-Assessment Scale (PCCSS), and the Emotional Expression Skills Scale (EESS). Data were collected between October and December 2023. Analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0, with Pearson correlation and multiple regression techniques. Results: The findings revealed statistically significant positive correlations between nurses’ psychosocial care competencies and their emotional expression skills. Specifically, the proximity and positive emotion expression subdimensions showed moderate correlations with psychosocial care subscales. However, multiple regression analysis did not identify any of the psychosocial care subdimensions as significant predictors of emotional expression skills. This suggests the possible influence of environmental or personal mediators such as institutional support, burnout, or job satisfaction. Conclusion: Enhancing nurses’ emotional expression skills may contribute to the development of their psychosocial care competencies. It is recommended to integrate emotional intelligence-based content into nursing education curricula and implement emotional awareness programs in clinical practice. Such efforts may improve both professional satisfaction among nurses and the overall quality of patient care. Clinical trial number: Not applicable. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Thermal Behavior of Gold Nanoparticle-Enhanced Paraffin Phase Change Materials: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulation
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Cao, Y.; Li, X.; Salahshour, S.; Eftekharmanesh, S.; Ali, I.H.; Acosta-Coll, M.
Phase change materials (PCMs) exhibit exceptional performance in thermal energy storage, as they absorb and release Heat during phase changes. However, their application is always limited due to their low thermal conductivity. This study uses molecular dynamics simulation to assess the effects of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) on paraffin-based PCMs. The simulation results demonstrate that Au nanoparticles (Au-NPs) greatly enhance the thermal performance of the material. For example, the temperature stabilized at 844 K (from 806 K w/o Au-NPs), the thermal conductivity increased from 1.03 to 1.14 W/m·K, the heat flux improved from 7.56 to 8.03 W/m2 (to transfer heat faster), increases maximum velocity from 0.075 to 0.082 Å/ps (which suggests a faster molecular motion), and a slight reduction in density from 0.0149 to 0.0146 atom/Å3 (which is the result of molecular restructuring when integrating Au-NPs). Through these enhancements, the paper demonstrates the importance of Au-NPs in addressing the issue of low thermal conductivity in PCMs. The results add significant understanding for designing and optimizing nanoparticle-enhanced PCMs for renewable energy storage, electronics cooling, and sustainable thermal management systems. This understanding of molecular behavior opens possibilities for improving efficiency and reliability in thermal energy storage technology. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Progressive Muscle Relaxation to Reduce Anxiety Before Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025) Ozyigit G.; Sukut, Ö.
Background: ECT is a well-established treatment modality for severe psychiatric disorders, particularly major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. It is well-documented that patients experience significant anxiety before treatment, which can adversely affect nursing care and the treatment process. This study aims to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on anxiety levels among patients with bipolar and depressive disorders prior to their first ECT session. Method: Data for this quasi-experimental study were collected from 30 in-patients with bipolar disorder and depression who received ECT for the first time in the hospital between May 29 and October 29, 2020. Data collection involved an information form, the STAXI State Anxiety Scale, and the Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Friedman test, and the Wilcoxon test. Results: The mean VAS-A score decreased from 4.93 ± 1.88 before PMR to 2.83 ± 1.76 after PMR, and further to 1.43 ± 1.21 after ECT (p <.001). However, STAI-S scores did not show a statistically significant difference before and after PMR (p >.05). Heart rate and respiratory rate also significantly decreased after PMR exercises (p <.05), while oxygen saturation remained unchanged. Prior to the next ECT session, the mean VAS-A score increased to 5.10 ± 1.77, and no significant changes were observed in either physiological parameters or anxiety measures. Conclusion: While a short-term effect on VAS Anxiety levels was observed following PMR exercises before ECT, patients still exhibited high levels of anxiety before subsequent ECT sessions. Therefore, it is recommended that PMR exercises be performed before each ECT session, and the effects of long-term application should be further investigated. Future studies should employ a randomized controlled design to compare results with a control group. Clinical trial number: Not applicable. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Coupling Interactions in Aeroelastic Analysis of 3D Aircraft Wings with Control Surface During Flight
(Springer Nature, 2025) Qasem Hussein, E.Q.; Rashid, F.L.; Sowoud, K.M.; Hammoodi, K.A.; Agyekum, E.B.
This work investigates the dynamic characteristics of a system susceptible to flutter phenomena during aircraft flight operation while considering fluctuations in critical system parameters, including stiffness, damping, flap angle, angle of attack, and yaw angle. A parametric analysis was conducted to quantify the influence of each parameter on the system response, particularly focusing on bending and torsional mode. To substantiate the findings, comparing simulated, theoretical, and experimental results shows good agreement in overall trends. The results show that increasing stiffness from 100 N/m to 300 N/m reduced the peak bending displacement by approximately 80%, demonstrating a strong stabilizing effect. Similarly, increasing the damping coefficient from 0.1 to 1 resulted in a 40% reduction in torsional angle amplitude, highlighting the importance of damping in controlling the system’s oscillatory behavior. Additionally, aerodynamic variations such as yaw angle shifts from 0o to 5o increased bending displacement amplitude by 70%, revealing the system’s sensitivity to aerodynamic conditions. Similarly, increasing the angle of attack from 0o to 10o increases the bending displacement amplitude by 50% Emplacing the perturbative effect that elevated angles of attack exert on the system. The flap angle was also found to have a significant impact, with 60% increase in flutter speed observed when the flap angle was increased from 0o to 30o, reducing the system’s susceptibility to instability. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Assessing the Effectiveness and Policy Gaps of Turkish Government Policies in Facilitating Affordable Housing
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Odemakin, M.
This study looks into the impact of government policies on housing affordability in Turkey, specifically how these policies affect the construction industry's ability to provide cheap housing. The study used a qualitative methodology, conducting in-depth interviews with 25 professionals from diverse construction organizations. The attendees comprised architects, civil engineers, and other industry stakeholders from mostly medium-sized businesses in Istanbul and other Turkish cities. Thematic analysis of the interview data yielded noteworthy insights. First, respondents universally observed little to no policy influence in supporting affordable housing or recycled material usage, highlighting a crucial policy gap. Bureaucratic delays, high loan interest rates, and restricted market availability for recycled materials were identified as the key barriers. However, there are potential to raise awareness among clients and industry stakeholders, incorporate affordable techniques into legislation, and build public–private partnerships to improve collaboration. The findings reveal that industry professionals have a largely negative impression of present government policies, further citing expensive plot costs, and tight regulations as major hurdles to affordable housing creation. Furthermore, while some respondents cited collaboration with government agencies and the use of recycled materials as potential solutions, the overall tone indicated a lack of effective government incentives and support. This study emphasizes the need for comprehensive policy reforms to improve stakeholder collaboration and to offer incentives that would reduce building costs and promote the use of sustainable materials. Policy implications include those targeted subsidies, improved administrative processes, and strengthened public-private partnerships are required to create a more favorable climate for affordable home creation in Turkey. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
The Effects of the Number of Blades/Vanes on the Performance of a Two-Stage Centrifugal Compressor: The CFD Analysis
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Yan, G.; Zhang, Q.; Al-Mussawi, W.; Sawaran Singh, N.S.S.; Khidhir, D.M.; Salahshour, S.; Hasanabad, A.M.
Improving the performance of heavy-duty compressors used in various industries leads to increased efficiency and reliability. Natural gas transmission pipelines are one of the sectors whose performance depends on the stable operation of pressure-boosting stations and their compressors. This paper studies one of the industry's most widely used two-stage centrifugal compressors. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, the effects of changes in various parts have been investigated. The inlet channel, the diffuser between the two stages, and the impellers were studied as the main parts related to the working fluid. The compressor was simulated under different operating conditions and geometries. The results showed that the initial design was based on operation in a specific condition. Compressors perform better at lower flow rates and have significant potential for improving efficiency as flow rates increase. The polytropic efficiency of the primary compressor is 77.04 %. Increasing the number of IGVs to 22 has increased efficiency to 81.43 % (an 8.8 % increase). Modifying the compressor geometry by changing the number of DVs has a limited effect on improving its performance. Increasing the number of DVs to 23 has reduced efficiency by 0.7 %, and reducing their number to 19 has increased efficiency by 1.1 %. By reducing the number of IBs to 15 in the first and second stages, efficiency increased by 2.56 % (from 77.07 % to 79.04 %). The largest negative and positive effects were due to changes in the number of impeller blades (−3.36 %) and inlet guide vanes (+69.5 %), respectively. Since the flow rate of the line was low in most seasons of the year at the time of the initial design and has now increased, the results of this study can have a great impact on reducing power consumption and losses. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Optimizing COS Protocols: A Precision Medicine Approach for IVF Treatment
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Sengul, Y.A.; Pacci, Z.; Alagoz, O.; Attar, R.
In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) treatment typically begins with Controlled Ovarian Stimulation (COS), a process designed to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple mature oocytes within a single cycle. COS plays a pivotal role in IVF success by improving the embryo implantation and pregnancy outcomes; however, it can also lead to complications such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). An optimal COS protocol aims to balance maximizing the chances of developing viable embryos while minimizing the risk of OHSS. In this work, we present a Machine Learning (ML)- based clinical decision support for selecting the optimal COS protocol for individual patients. Our approach begins with the development of a supervised classification model to predict the number of retrieved oocytes in 529 treatment cycles where OHSS complications did not occur. Among six different classification methods evaluated, Support Vector Classifier (SVC) achieved the highest performance, with 83.9% accuracy and an AUC value of 0.91. For new patients, we then calculate the probability of obtaining a sufficient number of oocytes under various COS protocols. The proposed method identifies the protocol with the highest likelihood of maximizing oocyte yield while reducing potential OHSS complications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Sex Prediction Using Geometric Morphometry with Parameters Obtained from the Orbit, Nasal Bone and Pyriforme Aperture
(Universidad de la Frontera, 2025) Oner, S.; Seçgin, Y.; Erkartal, H.S.; Toy, S.; Oner, Z.
Sex-related changes in the morphometry of the orbit and upper face is an important topic in plastic surgery, forensic sciences and basic medical sciences. With this hypothesis, the aim of this study is to estimate sex using geometric morphometry method with parameters obtained from orbits, nasal bone and pyriforme aperture. The study was performed on Computed Tomography images of 326 individuals aged 25-65 years. The images were three-dimensionalized and superimposed. The real magnification images were then converted to TPS format and 19 homologous landmarks were added to the images. Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA) was applied to the obtained coordinates and repositioned around the center of gravity. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the new data positioned around the center of gravity to reduce the dimensionality. Linear discriminate analysis (LDA) was applied to the dimensionality-reduced images to obtain sex estimation accuracy. The study found that 77.126 % of the coordinates gathered around the center of gravity could be explained by the first 3 Principal Component (PCs). LDA analysis applied to the new coordinates yielded a 96.01 % sex prediction rate. As a result of the study, a high accuracy rate was obtained in terms of sex prediction using geometric morphometry method with parameters obtained from the orbit, nasal bone and pyriforme aperture. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Laminar Natural Convection of Water-Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanofluid Over an Annular Finned Vertical Cylinder with a Non-Uniform Magnetic Field
(Elsevier, 2025) Miansari, Mehdi; Gholamnia, Mehdi; Jasim, Dheyaa J.; Hekmatifar, M.; Salahshour, Soheil
This study investigates the laminar natural convection of water-Fe3O4 nanofluid with a nanoparticle volume fraction of 4 % around an annular finned vertical cylinder under the influence of a non-uniform magnetic field generated by an electric conductor wire. The three-dimensional problem is solved using the finite volume method, and the effects of fin numbers (2, 4, 8, 12), magnetic field intensities (2 x 106, 5 x 106, 7.5 x 106), and Rayleigh numbers (5 x 104-107) on heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics are analyzed. Results demonstrate that the addition of fins enhances cooling efficiency by generating secondary flows and increasing velocity gradients, particularly at higher Rayleigh numbers. In the absence of a magnetic field, increasing the number of fins from 2 to 12 results in a 28 % to 44 % increase in heat flux, while in the presence of a magnetic field, this increase ranges from 44 % to 150 %. Furthermore, increasing the magnetic field intensity from zero to 7.5 x 106 leads to a heat flux improvement of 26 % to 148 % for a simple cylinder, and 21 % to 277 % for a cylinder with four fins. The study also highlights the non-linear interaction between Rayleigh numbers and magnetic field intensity, where heat transfer initially increases with Rayleigh number but decreases under high magnetic fields due to the suppression of convective flows. These findings underscore the critical role of fin configuration and magnetic field intensity in optimizing heat transfer, with the most effective results occurring at specific Rayleigh numbers and magnetic field strengths.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Person-Centred Climate Questionnaire - Staff Version
(BMC, 2025) Arici, Furkan Cihat; Harmanci Seren, Arzu Kader; Edvardsson, David
BackgroundValid and reliable instruments are needed to assess person-centredness that serve as quality care indicators. Person-Centred Climate Questionnaire - staff version is an interculturally used tool to evaluate person-centredness in clinical settings. This study aimed to examine the psychometrics of the tool in the Turkish language.MethodsThis was a methodological study involving a sample of 140 nurses. One of the researchers collected data using the Turkish version of the questionnaire-staff version in a private hospital in Istanbul. After performing the language validity steps, the researchers analysed the content validity ratios of the items and the questionnaire's content validity index, and they performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to validate the construct. The internal consistency of the subdimensions and the questionnaire was determined utilising a Cronbach's Alpha test.ResultsThe content validity ratios of the items ranged from 0.84 to 1, and the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.50 to 0.69. The three-factor structure accounted for 70.40% of the total variance. The items' standardised factor loads were between 0.501 and 1.140. The Cronbach's alpha consistency value was 0.90.ConclusionThe staff version of the questionnaire is an adequately valid and reliable instrument in the Turkish language.
An Inventory Model with Price-, Time- and Greenness-Sensitive Demand and Trade Credit-Based Economic Communications
(MDPI, 2025) Hossain, Musaraf; Rahaman, Mostafijur; Alam, Shariful; Pervin, Magfura; Salahshour, Soheil; Mondal, Sankar Prasad
Background: Price is the most authoritative constituent among the factors shaping consumer demand. Growing consciousness among global communities regarding environmental issues makes greenness one of the key factors controlling demand, along with time, which drives demand in markets. This paper addresses such issues associated with a retail purchase scenario. Methods: Consumer's demand for products is hypothesized to be influenced by pricing, time and the green level of the product in the proposed model. Time-dependent inventory carrying cost and green level-induced purchasing cost are considered. The average cost during the decision cycle is the objective function that is analyzed in trade credit phenomena, involving delayed payment by the manufacturer to the supplier. The Convex optimization technique is used to find an optimal solution for the model. Results: Once a local optimal solution is found, sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine the optimal value of the objective function and decision variables for other impacting parameters. Results reveal that demand-boosting parameters, for instance, discounts on price and green activity, result in additional average costs. Conclusions: Discounts on price and green activity advocate a large supply capacity by boosting demand, creating opportunities for the retailer to earn more revenue.
Enhancement of Micromixing Efficiency in Non-Newtonian Blood Flow Using Surface Acoustic Waves: A Study Based on the Carreau-Yasuda Model
(Korean Soc Rheology, 2025) Faradonbeh, Vahid Rabiei; Salahshour, Soheil; Toghraie, Davood
This paper comprehensively investigates integrating surface acoustic waves (SAWs) within microfluidic channels to enhance micromixing efficiency. Utilizing the blood flow flowing through the Carreau-Yasuda non-Newtonian fluid model, we examine the behavior of blood analog fluids under the influence of high-frequency acoustic waves. The study employs advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques and perturbation theory to solve the modified continuity and momentum equations, revealing the complex interactions between acoustic streaming and fluid flow. A parametric analysis was conducted for inlet velocities (vel\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\text{vel}$$\end{document}) ranging from 0.021\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$0.021$$\end{document} to 0.041m/s\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$0.041 \text{m}/\text{s}$$\end{document} to examine the variations in Reynolds and Peclet numbers. In addition, to evaluate the impact of wave strength on micromixing, the characteristic parameter of the wave generator is considered. d0\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${d}_{0}$$\end{document} was varied between 8\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$8$$\end{document} and 14nm\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$14\text{ nm}$$\end{document} applied to the system of equations. Our results demonstrate significant improvements in mixing performance, with a remarkable increase in fluid homogenization and reaction rates, thereby underscoring the transformative potential of hydro-acoustofluidic systems in biomedical and bioanalytical applications. One of the key outcomes of the present research is achieving rapid homogeneous mixing of blood flow within an extremely short mixing Length of approximately 2 mm, which offers numerous advantages for biological applications. In addition, the sensitivity of micromixing to variations in Reynolds number, which was previously significant, has been reduced by applying acoustic waves and intensifying the acoustic wave strength.
Assessing Congenital Muscular Torticollis Using Myotonometry: A Novel Approach
(JMNI, 2025) Azim, Derya; Acar, Gonul; Atici, Emine; Duzel, Turku
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle properties in infants with Congenital Muscular Torticollis (CMT) using myotonometry and determine its sensitivity to changes following physiotherapy. Methods: Twentyfive infants (0-12 months) diagnosed with CMT participated in this study from May 2023 to February 2024. They underwent an 8-week physiotherapy program. Muscle tone, elasticity, and stiffness were measured using myotonometry, muscle strength by the Muscle Function Scale (MFS), and neck range of motion by an arthrodial protractor before and after treatment. Results: The mean age was 4 +/- 1.56 months. Significant differences in SCM tone and stiffness between affected and intact sides were observed pre-treatment (p<0.05) but were not significant post-treatment (p>0.05). Intragroup improvements were significant for muscle tone (p=0.005), elasticity (p=0.009), stiffness (p=0.009), strength (p=0.006), and neck range of motion (p=0.021). Muscle tone decreased by 19.65%, muscle stiffness by 24.99%, and muscle elasticity improved by 9.42%. Passive lateral flexion increased by 59.09% and passive rotation by 25.40%. Conclusions: SCM muscle properties differ between sides in individuals with CMT; however, myotonometry effectively detects improvements following physiotherapy, making it a valuable clinical evaluation tool. Nevertheless, the relatively small sample size should be taken into account when interpreting the findings.
Massive Cystic Nephroma in a 13-Month Girl: Case Report and Differential Diagnostic Outcome
(AVES, 2025) Malkoc, Barkin; Bilgili, Yusuf Doruk; Kutlu, Filiz; Guvenc, B. Haluk
Impact of High-Concentration Office-Type Bleaching Agent on Physical Properties of Different Types of Bulk-Fill Composites
(BMC, 2025) Kaynar, Zeynep Buket; Donmez, Nazmiye; Kazak, Magrur; Duc, Bugra
Background: This study investigated the effect of a 45% carbamide peroxide-containing office-type bleaching agent on the microhardness (MH) and surface roughness (SR) of flowable and paste-type bulk-fill composite resins. Methods: This study used two bulk-fill composite resins, 3 M Filtek Bulk-Fill (paste) and Estelite Bulk-Fill Flow (flowable). Twenty disc-shaped specimens were prepared and divided into two groups according to the type of bulk-fill materials. All samples were stored at room temperature for 24 h with artificial saliva. Initial MH and surface SR values were measured. High-concentration office-type (HCOT) bleaching agent was applied to the samples for 30 min, and then the same procedure was repeated after one week. Following completion of bleaching procedures, final MH and surface SR values were evaluated. The MH values were analyzed by ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests was used for SR values with a significance of 0.05. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the MH values of the groups before and after bleaching (p = .002). SR value of 3 M Filtek Bulk-Fill was found statistically higher than Estelite Bulk-Fill Flow after or before bleaching treatment. Statistically significant difference was found SR value of 3 M Filtek Bulk-Fill when compared to before and after bleaching procedures (p = .024). Conclusions:Bleaching with high-concentration office-type material significantly reduced the MH of both bulk-fill composites. While HCOT was applied, Estelite Bulk-Fill Flow did not cause a significant change in surface SR. In contrast, the SR value of 3 M Filtek Bulk-Fill was statistically higher. Therefore, if bleaching with a high-concentration office-type bleaching material is planned, it is recommended not to use 3 M Filtek Bulk-Fill as a restorative material, or it may be recommended to renew existing composite resin restorations after bleaching treatment.
Quadratic High Step-Up Interleaved Z-Source DC-DC Converters Based on Asymmetric Gamma Cell
(IEEE-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2025) Daneshgar, Sareh; Babaei, Ebrahim; Sharifian, Mohammad Bagher Bannae
This article proposes a group of interleaved dc-dc converters based on quasi-impedance source cells with quadratic voltage gain. Using the developed asymmetric gamma impedance source cell with an interleaved technique, the proposed structure minimizes the current stress on the mosfets, the fluctuation of the input current, and losses. Apart from the benefits mentioned above, the proposed structure includes a shared ground, fewer components, low voltage stress across the components, and high efficiency. Necessary theoretical studies are carried out on the proposed structures, including voltage gain calculations, element voltage stress, element design, and element loss calculations. Additionally, a thorough analysis compares the proposed structures with other interleaved converters. Finally, a 400-watt laboratory sample of the first proposed design, operating with a 30 V input voltage, is implemented to validate the stated advantages. The prototype implemented at 400 watts has an efficiency of 96.7%.

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