Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14517/19

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Biocover Technologies for Landfill Gas Mitigation: Analyzing Two Decades of Research Trends, Development, and Future Directions
(Springer, 2026) Odoi-Yorke, F.; Agyekum, E.B.; Nyarkoh, R.; Mensah, E.; Abbey, A.N.A.; Al-Maaitah, M.I.
Landfill gas emissions, primarily methane, pose significant environmental challenges due to their contribution to climate change and the degradation of local air quality. Biocover technologies, which use microbial methane oxidation, have become a notable sustainable mitigation strategy. This study assessed two decades of trends and development in biocover research. A total of 227 English-language peer-reviewed papers published from 2004 to 2024 were obtained from the Scopus database. Thereafter, bibliometric tools such as R Studio-based Bibliometrix and VOSviewer were employed to analyze publication trends, keyword clusters, and thematic mapping and evolution. The study identified core themes such as methane oxidation, methanotrophs, and biochar-based biocovers, which are central to methane mitigation efforts. Thematic mapping revealed an evolution from fundamental methane oxidation mechanisms to applications like biogeochemical covers and circular economy integration. The study identified innovations such as using compost, biochar, and hybrid materials to enhance methane oxidation efficiency. Despite substantial progress, challenges remain regarding regional disparities, material optimization under varying climatic conditions, and scalability. Future research should focus on biochar-blended substrates, long-term field validation, artificial intelligence-driven optimization techniques, and expanding research to Africa. The findings provide critical insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers, supporting evidence-based strategies for advancing landfill gas management and contributing to global methane mitigation efforts. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Iranian Society of Environmentalists (IRSEN) and Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University 2025.
Fabrication and Numerical Analysis of Non-Metallic Orthopedic Prostheses Using Ultrasound Techniques for Reducing Infection in Sports-Related Injuries
(Ain Shams University, 2026) Yin, R.; Zhang, S.; Jasim, D.J.; Salahshour, S.; Eftekharmanesh, S.
Joint replacement has garnered considerable attention as a medical intervention for addressing sports-related joint injuries, offering the potential to restore sports activities and enhance quality of life. However, prioritizing safety measures and injury prevention during exercise is crucial. The increasing prevalence of infections in knee arthroplasty surgeries is a significant concern for both patients and surgeons, emphasizing the necessity for implants with proven efficacy against periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). In this study, two samples were prepared: sample 1 comprised pure copper nanoparticles, while sample 2 consisted of copper nanoparticles supplemented with titanium nanoparticles (TiNP) using the powder metallurgy (PM) technique. The copper prosthesis was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and compressive strength tests. The biological behavior of the samples was evaluated in simulated body fluid (SBF) and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) over 3 months. The results demonstrated that the fabricated copper prosthesis exhibited a mesoporous microstructure, with a specific surface area ranging from 150 to 200 (cm2/g). The samples displayed porosity levels of 25 % to 32 %, with pore volumes ranging from 50 to 100 nm. The addition of TiNP to the copper nanoparticles reduced the specific surface area and pore volume of the prosthesis. Cell viability and electrical conductivity assessments revealed the formation of a thin apatite layer on the surface of the copper sample with added titanium nanoparticles. This study leverages the unique capabilities of ultrasound technology to fabricate and evaluate the performance of these novel prosthetic components. The inclusion of TiNP decreased the dissolution rate and increased apatite formation. Moreover, the mechanical properties of the prosthesis improved, and its biological behavior was enhanced, resulting in the development of a beam-shaped biological implant that was analytically analyzed. The addition of approximately 10 wt% TiNP was found to be effective in improving the mechanical and biological properties of the copper-titanium implant. © 2025 The Author(s).
An Artificial Deep Neural Network Approach for the Computer Epidemic Virus Model
(Springer Nature, 2026) sabir, Z.; Bano, A.; Banaras, M.R.; Umar, M.; Salahshour, S.
This research’s goal is to demonstrate the numerical computing capabilities of the epidemic computer virus delay differential model (ECV-DDM) by relating the deep neural network along with a scale conjugate gradient scheme (DNNP-SCGS). The deep neural network process is implemented by taking 20 and 35 neurons and log-sigmoid transfer function in hidden layers. The mathematical form of the ECV-DDM is divided into uninfected S(u), latently infected L(u), breaking-out B(u), and the antivirus aptitude R(u). The framework based on stochastic computing is accessible for the ECV-DDM by using the data selection as 12%, 14%, and 74% for training, testing and authentication. The comparison of obtained and Runge-Kutta method is presented for the precision of the DNNP-SCGS. The approach’s reliability is authenticated by presenting the state transitions, regression values, correlation, and error histograms. © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Korean Society for Informatics and Computational Applied Mathematics 2025.
Search for Dark Matter Produced in Association with a Higgs Boson Decaying to a Τ Lepton Pair in Proton-Proton Collisions at TeV
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Tchekhovski, V.; Hayrapetyan, A.; Makarenko, V.; Tumasyan, A.; Adam, W.; Andrejkovic, J.W.; Benato, L.
A search for dark matter particles produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying into a pair of τ leptons is performed using data collected in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector. The analysis is based on a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb−1 collected in 2017–2018. No significant excess over the expected standard model background is observed. This result is interpreted within the frameworks of the 2HDM+a and baryonic Z′ benchmark simplified models. The 2HDM+a model is a type-II two-Higgs-doublet model featuring a heavy pseudoscalar with an additional light pseudoscalar. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the product of the production cross section and the branching fraction for each of these two simplified models. Heavy pseudoscalar boson masses between 400 and 700 GeV are excluded for a light pseudoscalar mass of 100 GeV. For the baryonic Z′ model, a statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data set of 36 fb−1 collected in 2016. In this model, Z′ boson masses up to 1050 GeV are excluded for a dark matter particle mass of 1 GeV. © The Author(s) 2025.
Modeling Dysentery Spread and the Impact of Public Awareness on Control Dynamics
(Nature Research, 2025) Ahmed, K.K.; Yusuf, J.S.; Isa Aliyu, A.I.; Agaie, B.G.; Yusuf, A.S.; Ozsahin, I.; Sulaıman, T.A.
Dysentery remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing regions, exacerbated by poor sanitation and limited access to healthcare. This study develops a novel mathematical model to analyze the transmission dynamics of dysentery and evaluate the effectiveness of control strategies, with a specific focus on the impact of public awareness. The model uniquely stratifies the population into compartments based on health education status and disease severity, allowing for a nuanced analysis of intervention impacts. We derived a key epidemiological threshold, the basic reproduction number, to determine the conditions for disease elimination or persistence. Our analysis demonstrates that a disease-free equilibrium is locally and globally stable when this threshold is below one. Furthermore, we employed optimal control theory to simulate and compare three intervention strategies: public awareness campaigns, hygiene and sanitation improvements, and treatment of infected individuals. Numerical simulations reveal that while each intervention alone reduces disease burden, a combined strategy is the most effective and cost-efficient approach to curtailing outbreaks. These findings underscore the critical importance of integrated public health policies that synergize education, prevention, and treatment for effective and sustainable dysentery control. © The Author(s) 2025.
Assessment of Oral Disease Burden Using A Cluster Analysis in Dentistry
(Atatürk Üniversitesi, 2025) Aksoy, B.; Çandereli, Z.Ö.; Beyhan, T.E.; Akmansoy, Ş.C.; Sirma, S.; Yay, M.; Karaçayli, Ü.
Objective: This study aimed to identify homogeneous groups for Oral Disease Burden (ODB) with age through the K-Means cluster analysis in dentistry. Methods: In this retrospective study, 465 adult patients and 276 elderly patients treated at integrated students’ clinics in a public dental school (F/M:381/360; 18-91 years) were included. The ODB score (0-5 points) was calculated through the presence of periodontal problems, dental caries, pulpitis, need of prosthetic treatment, and need of tooth extraction. Homogeneous groups for ODB severity were identified within the dataset by K-Means cluster analysis. Results: The highest ratios of oral health problems were periodontal problems (94.0%) in young adult patients (cluster-1; n=201; 18-36 years; ODB: 2.92±1.14) and (87.4%) in adult patients (cluster-2; n=199; 37-55 years, ODB: 3.28±1.34) and need for prosthetic treatment (90.7%) in older adult patients (cluster-3; n=193; 56-70 years, ODB: 3.19±1.41) and (87.2%) in elderly patients (cluster-4; n=148; 71-91 years, ODB: 2.33±1.30). The highest ODB score was found in adult patients among four clusters. Older adult patients had elevated ODB score compared to that in elderly patients (P=.000). Conclusion: Needs of different treatment protocols or complex treatments were determined according to ODB with age groups defined by K-Means cluster analysis. These results may provide clues for developing patient empowerment strategies to improve oral health status as well as work force planning in integrated student clinics in dental schools. © 2025, Ataturk Universitesi. All rights reserved.
Thermophysical Property Prediction of r32, r1234yf, and r454b Refrigerants Using Artificial Neural Networks
(Elsevier Ltd, 2026) Lu, H.-P.; Zhou, X.-L.; Salahshour, S.; Hamedinia, M.; Khairy, Y.; Vásquez-Carbonell, M.; Escorcia-Gutierrez, J.
Accurate prediction of the thermophysical properties of next-generation refrigerants is essential to improving the energy efficiency and environmental compatibility of cooling systems. Therefore, this paper developed an artificial neural network-based data-driven framework for the prediction of the density and viscosity of R32, R1234yf, and R454B at a wide range of temperatures (Ts) and pressures (Ps). Extensive datasets, validated by high-accuracy experimental measurements, were used to train and validate multilayer feedforward networks developed to provide nonlinear thermodynamic dependency features. The resulting models displayed good quantitative accuracy on all refrigerants. The root mean square errors regarding R32 were found to be 40.70 kg/m3 density and 0.0237 mPa·s viscosity, while the coefficients of determination of 0.98031 and 0.97195 were achieved for density and viscosity, respectively. In the case of R1234yf, the foregoing errors were 51.07 kg/m3 and 0.0256 mPa·s. Meanwhile, the coefficients were given as 0.96488 and 0.97983. The R454B model achieved the Maximum (Max) performance with 22.01 kg/m3 errors concerning density and 0.0044 mPa·s concerning viscosity, while attaining correlation coefficients of 0.99895 and 0.9937, respectively. Relative error analysis showed that all refrigerants had Maximum and mean deviations below 8 % and 25 %, respectively, for density and viscosity. That trend in predictions confirmed that density increased as T gradually increased, remaining nearly P-independent, while viscosity decreased nonlinearly with increasing T. The viscosity sets themselves showed little sensitivity to P. These results could validate the highly accurate and computationally efficient capabilities of artificial neural networks to replicate complex thermophysical behavior, as above, and hence serve as a rigorous alternative to empirical correlations for predictive design of sustainable refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
Search for a Heavy Pseudoscalar Higgs Boson Decaying to a 125 GeV Higgs Boson and a Z Boson in Final States with Two Tau and Two Light Leptons in Proton-Proton Collisions at TeV
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Tchekhovski, V.; Hayrapetyan, A.; Makarenko, V.; Tumasyan, A.; Adam, W.; Andrejkovic, J.W.; Benato, L.
A search for a heavy pseudoscalar Higgs boson, A, decaying to a 125 GeV Higgs boson h and a Z boson is presented. The h boson is identified via its decay to a pair of tau leptons, while the Z boson is identified via its decay to a pair of electrons or muons. The search targets the production of the A boson via the gluon-gluon fusion process, gg → A, and in association with bottom quarks,. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1 collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of TeV. Constraints are set on the product of the cross sections of the A production mechanisms and the A → Zh decay branching fraction. The observed (expected) upper limit at 95% confidence level ranges from 0.049 (0.060) pb to 1.02 (0.79) pb for the gg → A process and from 0.053 (0.059) pb to 0.79 (0.61) pb for the process in the probed range of the A boson mass, mA, from 225 GeV to 1 TeV. The results of the search are used to constrain parameters within the benchmark scenario of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. Values of tan β below 2.2 are excluded in this scenario at 95% confidence level for all mA values in the range from 225 to 350 GeV. © The Author(s) 2025.
Combination of Laplace Transform and Runge-Kutta Methods for Solving the Fractional Riccati Differential Equation
(University of Mazandaran, 2025) Sahraee, Z.; Arabameri, M.; Ahmadian, A.
In this article, a method for solving the fractional Riccati differential equation is presented, which is based on the combination of Laplace transform and Runge-Kutta methods. In this way, first, by using the Laplace transform, the fractional derivative of Caputo in the fractional Riccati equation is converted into the ordinary derivative, and then, the resulting ordinary differential equation of the correct order is solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. Also, the error estimate and convergence are investigated. In addition, examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in practice. These examples show that the proposed method can give the approximate solution of fractional Riccati differential equations with high accuracy. Also, another advantage of the proposed method is that the approximate solution of fractional Riccati differential equations can be provided with appropriate accuracy in time intervals greater than one (maximum absolute errors 10−5 over t ∈ [0, 8]). Additionally, the proposed Laplace-based reformulation removes the need to carry the full time-history of the solution, leading to a simpler time-domain model that is easier to handle in practice. © 2025 by University of Mazandaran.
Decision Making Based on Interval Type-2 Neutrosophic Numbers Involving the Optimal Selection of a House
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Touqeer, M.; Rasool, E.; Ahmadian, A.; Salimi, M.; Salahshour, S.
Neutrosophic numbers are effective tools for modeling uncertainty due to their flexibility in describing the information thoroughly, appropriately and comprehensively for decision-making problems. In this study, we propose a new approach for multi-attribute decision-making based on the Interval type-2 trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers. The approach is based upon the method of -cuts in terms of interval type-2 trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers. Being the generalization of the concept of simple neutrosophic numbers, the presented scheme uses the interval type-2 trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers to decision making problems. Moreover, consideration of decision maker’s risk attitude is increased the credibility of the proposed approach which hasn’t been considered in the existing techniques. Lastly, an application of assessment of houses has presented to elaborate the effectiveness of the given approach. © Crown 2025.
Dietary Antioxidant Capacity and Feeding Problems in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Relationships with Growth and Gastrointestinal Symptoms
(Springer Nature, 2025) Uzunoğlu, D.; Arslan, S.
Objectives: To examine dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and feeding problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and their relationships with anthropometric measures and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Methods: Cross-sectional study in urban developmental centers. Of 60 recruited children (4–12 y) with ASD, 53 were analyzed (7 excluded for incomplete diet/GI data). Diet was assessed using a semi-quantitative FFQ and a 24-h recall. TAC (mmol/day) was estimated by mapping FFQ items to a FRAP-indexed antioxidant database and aggregating item-level values; nutrient adequacy was expressed as % of age/sex-specific TÜBER-2022 recommendations. Anthropometry was converted to WHO BMI-for-age z-scores; GI symptoms were parent-reported. Statistics included sex comparisons, correlations, and multivariable models adjusting for age, sex, and parental education. Results: Mean TAC was 2.72 ± 1.40 mmol/day (no sex difference, p = 0.655). Frequent feeding problems included refusal of new foods (60.6%), food selectivity (39.3%), and pica (33.3%). Median adequacy was < 50% for vitamin D, vitamin E, and iron. GI symptoms were common (constipation 22.6%, abdominal pain 28.3%). In adjusted models, higher TAC was associated with healthier BMI z-scores and lower odds of constipation (effect sizes to be inserted after re-analysis). Conclusions: Suboptimal antioxidant intake and prevalent feeding problems co-occur with GI symptoms in Turkish children with ASD. Findings are associative, supporting targeted, culturally adapted strategies to increase antioxidant-rich foods and fiber while addressing feeding difficulties. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.
Search for Top Squarks in Final States with Many Light-Flavor Jets and 0, 1, or 2 Charged Leptons in Proton-Proton Collisions at TeV
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Tchekhovski, V.; Hayrapetyan, A.; Makarenko, V.; Tumasyan, A.; Adam, W.; Andrejkovic, J.W.; Benato, L.
Several new physics models including versions of supersymmetry (SUSY) characterized by R-parity violation (RPV) or with additional hidden sectors predict the production of events with top quarks, low missing transverse momentum, and many additional quarks or gluons. The results of a search for top squarks decaying to two top quarks and six additional light-flavor quarks or gluons are reported. The search employs a novel machine learning method for background estimation from control samples in data using decorrelated discriminators. The search is performed using events with 0, 1, or 2 electrons or muons in conjunction with at least six jets. No requirement is placed on the magnitude of the missing transverse momentum. The result is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions at TeV corresponding to 138 fb−1 of integrated luminosity collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016–2018. With no statistically significant excess of events observed beyond the expected contributions from the standard model, the data are used to determine upper limits on the top squark pair production cross section in the frameworks of RPV and stealth SUSY. Models with top squark masses less than 700 (930) GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for RPV (stealth) SUSY scenarios. © The Author(s) 2025.
Salt Cavern Hydrogen Storage Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Advances, Trends, Perspectives, and Its Impact in the Hydrogen Economy
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Agyekum, E.B.; Odoi-Yorke, F.; Rashid, F.L.
Hydrogen is projected to become a crucial clean energy source for balancing energy supply and demand while mitigating global warming. The effectiveness of the global hydrogen economy hinges on scalable and cost-effective storage, with salt cavern hydrogen storage (SCHS) emerging as a leading option due to its high capacity and stability. This study reviews existing literature, highlighting advancements in geomechanical simulation and operational optimization, including pressure cycling and cavern geometry optimization. Key findings indicate deeper caverns yield higher minimum pressures, optimized geometries reduce deformation, and specific step distances balance storage volume and integrity. Simulation programs like FLAC3D show optimized performance, while integration with renewable energy sources boosts efficiency and decarbonization. The review of literature shows that SCHS demonstrates financial viability with levelized costs between $0.8/kg and $10/kg, offering competitive advantages over other storage methods. However, global research participation is uneven, predominantly led by China, Germany, and the UK, and reliant on bilateral collaborations. Future studies should, therefore, focus on integrating microscale geomechanics with macro planning, standardizing simulation practices, and enhancing international research cooperation. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
Nutrition and Recovery in Esports
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2025) Arslan, S.; Aydin, A.
Recovery is a crucial yet often overlooked component of performance optimization in esports. Unlike traditional athletes, esports athletes face unique recovery demands due to prolonged screen exposure, sedentary behavior, and intense cognitive engagement. This chapter explores evidence-based strategies that support physical and mental recovery, including nutrient timing, anti-inflammatory meal plans, active mobility exercises, and sleep-enhancing technologies. Practical insights from professional teams such as Team Liquid, Astralis, and Cloud9 are presented alongside examples from amateur players. The role of omega-3 fatty acids, hydration, stretching, and digital tools like Oura Ring and Headspace is discussed to provide a holistic framework for sustainable performance and recovery in competitive gaming. © 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Evaluating the Role of Resistive Index in Pediatric Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Diagnosis and the Impact of Vitamin D Treatment on Resistive Index
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025) Kaba, S.; Doǧan, M.; Özkaçmaz, S.; Kiliç, S.
Objectives: Thyroid ultrasonography combined with color Doppler imaging represents one of the most reliable and non-invasive tools for assessing patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Growing evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency contributes to the pathophysiology of this autoimmune disorder and may influence its progression toward hypothyroidism. This study aimed to explore the role of ultrasonography and color Doppler evaluation in children with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on resistive index values, as well as on serum thyroid hormone and antibody levels. Materials and methods: Eighty-four children were enrolled in this study, consisting of 45 diagnosed with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and 39 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. In all participants, serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, thyroid hormones, and thyroid antibodies were analyzed. Both groups underwent grayscale ultrasonography and color Doppler evaluation of the thyroid gland. The patient group received oral vitamin D supplementation at approximately 2,000 IU daily. After two months of treatment, all biochemical and sonographic assessments were repeated. Results: Patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis demonstrated significantly higher grayscale ultrasonography grades compared with controls. Free thyroxine and vitamin D levels were notably lower among patients. Following vitamin D supplementation, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody titers decreased significantly, accompanied by a statistically meaningful reduction in resistive index values in the right, left, and overall thyroid lobes. Conclusion: Although the resistive index alone does not appear to be a reliable diagnostic indicator for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, vitamin D supplementation was associated with reductions in both resistive index values and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody levels. Further controlled trials including untreated patients are warranted to confirm these findings. © The Author(s) 2025.
Role of Different Anti-Seizure Medications on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(2025) Davari, A.; Bahadori, A.R.; Mohammadi-Asl, A.; Zafari, R.; Sheikhvatan, M.; Ranji, S.; Shafiee, S.
BACKGROUND: Various types of anti-seizure medication (ASMs) may have an impact on the cardiac health of patients who have epilepsy. One of the most important noninvasive predictive factors related to cardiovascular disease is carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the effect of both mono- and poly-therapy with ASMs on CIMT. METHODS: Four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase) were searched for records. Studies that measured the effect of ASMs on CIMT were eligible to be included. The case and control data of studies were extracted. Also, the quality assessment of each included study was assessed by the risk of bias in non-randomized studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) checklist. Additionally, the random-effect model analysis was performed by the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA) version 3.0. RESULTS: Twenty-nine studies were included in the systematic review, and 15 studies were eligible to perform meta-analysis. Among both poly-therapy, and monotherapy with valproate sodium, carbamazepine, levetiracetam, and phenytoin, CIMT had significantly higher thickness compared to the control group (SMD: 1.82, 1.18, 1.33, 1.83, and 1.15 with 95%CI: [0.34, 3.3], [0.67, 1.7], [0.38, 2.27], [0.1, 3.56], and [-0.49, 2.8], respectively) (P-value: .001, .001, .001, .001, and .007, respectively). CONCLUSION: The potential risk of cardiovascular diseases related to CIMT may be elevated by using both mono- and polytherapy with valproate sodium, carbamazepine, levetiracetam, and phenytoin. © © 2025 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
A Robust DFU_CVENETB3 Deep Learning Model for Improved Accuracy in Early Ulcer Prediction Based on Diabetic Foot Images
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Zalaan, Z.H.; Kennedy, S.; Almuhsin, D.A.; Abduljabbar, Z.A.; Nyangaresi, V.O.; Gatea, A.N.; Al-Asadi, H.A.A.
In many facets of healthcare, including diagnosis, treatment, and even epidemiology, deep learning (DL) plays a significant role. In the past, medical practice was determined exclusively by the training that physicians had received. However, the importance of artificial intelligence applications has increased along with the number of databases, and the advantages of using DL in medicine have gained more recognition. Diabetes has become a major medical concern and is a fairly common disease. This metabolic disorder increases the chance of developing numerous conditions, including foot diseases, ulcers, amputations, etc. when blood glucose levels are not properly managed. Significant morbidity is a result of diabetic foot ulcers and amputations. Diabetic foot can be avoided by identifying at-risk patients and putting preventative measures in place. We presented a novel model in this paper that combines the characteristics of Vgg16 with EfficientNetB3 and DFU_CVENETB3 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), a very powerful potential game-changer towards improved prevention of diabetic foot ulcers. This study will introduce deep neural network models to automatically classify early diabetic foot images into normal (healthy) and diseased (DFU) categories. A set of images of diabetic foot ulcers will also be used, and the results will show us that the model based on EfficientNetB3 performed better than traditional CNN models such as VGG16. EfficientNetB3 produced the highest accuracy results, compared to previous works mentioned in the study. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.
Comparison of Disease Severity, Physical Fitness Parameters, and Physical Activity Levels According to Pain Intensity in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study
(AVES, 2025) Aydln, G.; Balkişli, B.C.
Objective: The study aims to evaluate disease severity, physical fitness parameters, and physical activity levels in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA) based on pain intensity. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the physiotherapy and rehabilitation unit of a state hospital between September and December 2024. A total of 96 individuals diagnosed with knee OA, with a mean age of 57.36 ± 8.78 years, were included in the study. Pain intensity (Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)), disease severity (Lequesne Algofunctional Knee Index (LAKI)), body composition (Body Mass Index (BMI)), muscle strength and endurance (sit-ups test), flexibility (sit-and-reach test), cardiorespiratory endurance (6-minute walk test (6MWT), 30-second sit-to-stand test), physical activity levels (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF)) were assessed. Participants were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 included those with an NRS score of 5 or below, and Group 2 included those with an NRS score above 5. Results: The groups were similar in terms of age, gender, BMI, and disease duration (P > .05). Group 2 had higher NRS and LAKI scores (both P = .001). Group 2 performed worse in the sit-ups test and the sit-and-reach test (P = .001, P = .047, respectively). The 6MWT, the 30-second sit-to-stand test, and the total IPAQ-SF score were higher in Group 1 (P = .008, P = .007, P = .019, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between the groups in the lateral trunk flexion tests (P > .05). Conclusion: Individuals with knee OA who have increased pain intensity were found to have higher disease severity and lower muscle strength and endurance, flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance, and physical activity levels. This study demonstrates that increased pain intensity negatively affects body structure and functions and reduces participation in activities. © Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Multiple Solutions for a Dynamic Sturm-Liouville Boundary Value Problem on Time Scales with Impulsive Effects
(Università di Catania, 2025) Ferrara, M.
In this study, we explore the existence of multiple solutions for a dynamic Sturm-Liouville boundary value problem on time scales that incorporate impulsive effects. Utilizing variational methods and applying certain critical point theorems from Ricceri for smooth functionals, we demonstrate the existence of at least three solutions to the problem. To illustrate the practical relevance of our findings, we provide an example at the end. © 2025 Universita di Catania. All rights reserved.
Sustainable Nutrition
(Asia Pacific Academy of Science Pte Ltd, 2023) Peker, H.; Günal, A.M.
Sustainability refers to the ability to endure and persist into the future. It was initially introduced by the World Commission on Environment and Development through their 1987 report entitled “Our Common Future”. When defining sustainable nutrition, The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) places importance on respecting and safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystems, as well as ensuring adequate, reliable, and nutritious food. The global population is presently experiencing rapid growth, which poses a risk of depleting nutritional resources over time. One of the primary objectives of sustainable nutrition is to preserve existing resources for future generations. Achieving this requires careful utilization of global resources. In recent years, there has been a particular focus on researching and altering dietary choices and patterns within communities. The emphasis has been on the applicability of nutrition models that exhibit low ecological, carbon, and water footprints as sustainable nutrition models. Examples of such plant-based sustainable nutrition models include the Mediterranean diet, the Double Pyramid model, the New Nordic diet, vegan and vegetarian diets, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and the planetary health diet. Additionally, it is crucial to discover alternative food sources that resemble animal protein sources, are accessible to all, and gain widespread acceptance. Currently, the most extensively studied alternative food sources include insects, algae, and cultured meat. © 2023 by author(s).

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