PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / PubMed Indexed Publications Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14517/21

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Evaluating the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Color Stability of Dental Restorations in Pediatric Dentistry
(2025) Aydın, M.N.; Şükür, E.Y.; Karaman, G.E.; Kaya, E.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of various polishing methods on the color stability of compomer and composite resin restorations used in anterior restorations within pediatric dentistry. One hundred and twenty disc-shaped specimens (8 mm diameter x 4 mm thickness) were prepared from A2 shade compomer and nanohybrid composite resin to assess color stability in four different polishing systems. Sixty specimens from each material were randomly distributed into five groups (n = 12) according to the polishing method used. Group 1: four-step aluminum oxide discs, Group 2: aluminum oxide discs and rubber kit, Group 3: aluminum oxide discs and felt discs, Group 4: aluminum oxide discs and spiral wheels, and Group 5: no polishing. The specimens were immersed in cherry juice solution for 7 days. The color changes (ΔE) for all materials were assessed using a spectrophotometer at baseline and after 7 days of staining. The collected data were analyzed with the Shapiro-Wilk test, along with the Mann-Whitney U test for comparing two independent groups and the Kruskal-Wallis test for comparing three or more independent groups. Post hoc Bonferroni Corrections were applied to identify the groups causing the differences. As a result of the analyses, statistically significant differences were determined between the staining measurements of the compomer and composite materials across the groups (p < 0.05). The highest level of discoloration for the compomer was in the control group. In conclusion, the selected polishing method influences the degree of discoloration in the compomer groups. In the composite group, polishing methods showed variable effects. Differences were found between the compomer and composite groups. Understanding these effects is crucial for maintaining the esthetic longevity of restorations in young patients.
Diagnostic Accuracy of a Novel Non-Invasive Digital Technique for Assessing Gingival Phenotype: an Area Under the Curve Analysis
(BMC, 2025) Kaya, Suheyla; Alkan, Melisa
BackgroundGingival phenotype (GP) significantly influences periodontal health and treatment outcomes. Traditional methods for assessing GP, using gingival thickness (GT) alone, may lack sufficient accuracy for reliable GP classification. The present study aims to introduce and validate a novel non-invasive digital GP assessment measuring digital GT (dGT) and digital keratinized tissue width (dKTW). The primary objective is to assess the diagnostic performance of digital gingival phenotype (dGP) in distinguishing between thick and thin phenotypes.MethodsThis prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Periodontology Department of Istanbul University-Cerrahpa & scedil;a, Turkey, from October to December 2024. Participants were included if they had all maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth present. Exclusion criteria included factors that could affect periodontal tissues, such as clinical attachment loss, systemic diseases (e.g., diabetes), gingival enlargement or recession, smoking, medications causing gingival hyperplasia, and melanin pigmentation. All subjects were screened for eligibility by S.K. prior to enrollment, with participants enrolled when S.K. was present at the periodontology department for preliminary examinations using a convenience sampling approach. KTW was assessed using clinical (cKTW), digital (dKTW), and rounded methods. cKTW and dKTW measured the distance between the gingival margin and mucogingival junction, while rounded KTW was calculated by rounding dKTW to the nearest whole number. GT was measured digitally in millimeters from the gingival margin level. GP was evaluated clinically (cGP) with a color-coded periodontal probe and digitally (dGP) by multiplying dKTW and dGT measurements. cKTW, dKTW, rounded KTW, dGT, and dGP are index tests, with cGP serving as the reference standard. The diagnostic accuracy of each method was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsOut of 348 participants, 31 met the inclusion criteria. Since each participant's 12 teeth were evaluated, a total of 372 teeth were included in the study. The area under the curve (AUC) values and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each method were as follows: dGT: 0.628 (95% CI: 0.570-0.687), cKTW: 0.730 (95% CI: 0.677-0.782), dKTW: 0.714 (95% CI: 0.661-0.767), rounded KTW: 0.710 (95% CI: 0.657-0.763), and dGP: 0.734 (95% CI: 0.683-0.785). The dGP model exhibited the highest diagnostic accuracy, while the dGT model showed the lowest.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the digital gingival phenotype assessment provides superior diagnostic accuracy compared to other methods, achieving the highest AUC value. This demonstrates its efficacy in classifying GP and offers a reliable and accurate alternative to traditional clinical techniques for GP classification.RegistrationNo trial registration was performed, as no invasive procedures were conducted in this study.
Differentiating Cardiac Sarcoidosis From Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: a Systematic Review
(Karger, 2025) Hasdemir, Hakan; Abshir, Abdalla; Guvenc, Tolga Sinan
Objective: Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) are distinct disorders with different pathophysiologic pathways, but they share similar clinical presentations that could lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapeutic decisions. Methods: We searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases and other relevant literature to retrieve comparative studies including CS and ARVC that were published before 2024. The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute checklist was used for quality assessment and the review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Three reviewers determined study eligibility and made quality assessments. Results: A total of seven studies were included in the review. Patients with CS were older (five of seven studies) and had more comorbidities (two of two studies). PR interval (four of five studies) and QRS duration (four of four studies) were longer in CS. Most studies reported lower left ventricular ejection fraction in CS (five of six studies), and septal involvement on cardiac MRI was more common in CS (two of three studies). 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography (PET) scan was seen in up to 90% of CS patients. 62.5%-100% of patients with CS fulfilled 1994 or 2010 International Task Force criteria for ARVC. Conclusions: Available evidence suggests that atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction defects in an older (>40 years) patient with low left ventricular ejection fraction should raise suspicion for CS, especially when other supportive findings, such as 18-fluorodeoxyglucose avidity on PET, were present. Neither 1994 nor 2010 ARVC Task Force criteria should be used to discriminate CS from ARVC. (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel
Novel Metronidazole Conjugates as Antimicrobial Agents
(Wiley, 2025) Akgun, Erol; Demirayak, Melike; Yurttas, Leyla; Gul, Ulkiye Dudu; Demirayak, Seref
Metronidazole (MTZ) is one of the oldest and still used anti-infective nitroimidazole group drug. Although it is effective against anaerobic bacteria, protozoa, and parasites in clinical settings, it lacks efficacy against aerobic microorganisms. Due to its efficient molecular structure and synthetic usability due to the alcohol group in its framework, medicinal chemists aimed to reach new more effective molecules such as MTZ-hybrids. In this study, 2-[(benzimidazole/benzoxazole/benzothiazol-2-yl)thio]-N-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl]acetamide (5a-5j) derivatives were synthesized and their antimicrobial and antifungal effects on aerobic bacteria and Candida spp. were investigated. Notably, most of newly designed conjugates displayed higher potency than MTZ itself, especially against Gram-positive strains. Furthermore, chlorinated heterocyclic moieties provided the strongest effects. Docking studies using E. coli nitroreductase (PDB: 1IDT) revealed potential interactions with the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor, suggesting that these hybrids may undergo nitro-group reduction analogous to MTZ. Additionally, pharmacokinetic predictions indicated generally favorable profiles.
Erica Spiculifolia Salisb. (Balkan Heath): a Focus on Metabolic Profiling and Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties
(MDPI, 2025) Gevrenova, Reneta; Szakiel, Anna; Paczkowski, Cezary; Zengin, Gokhan; Kurt-Celep, Inci; Stefanova, Alexandra; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina
Erica spiculifolia Salisb. (formerly Bruckenthalia spiculifolia Benth.) (Balkan heath) is renowned for its traditional usage as a diuretic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent. For the first time, acylquinic acids, flavonoids and numerous proanthocyanidin oligomers were annotated/dereplicated by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry in methanol-aqueous extracts from E. spiculifolia aerial parts harvested at the early and full flowering stage. Chlorogenic acid and proanthocyanidin tetra- and trimer A, B-type together with quercitrin and (+) catechin were the predominant compounds in the semi-quantitative analysis. Neutral triterpenoids, triterpenoid acids and phytosterols were determined in apolar extracts by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Triterpenoid acids accounted for 80% of the total triterpenoid content, dominated by ursolic and oleanolic acid, reaching up to 32.2 and 6.1 mg/g dw, respectively. Ursa/olean-2,12-dien-28-oic acids and 3-keto-derivatives together with alpha-amyrin acetate as a chemotaxonomic marker, alpha-amyrenone, alpha- and beta-amyrin were evaluated. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 83.85 +/- 0.89 mg gallic acid equivalents/g and 78.91 +/- 0.41 mg rutin equivalents/g, respectively. The extract actively scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals (540.01 and 639.11 mg Trolox equivalents (TE)/g), possessed high potential to reduce copper and iron ions (660.32 and 869.22 mg TE/g, respectively), and demonstrated high metal chelating capacity (15.57 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid equivalents/g). It exhibited prominent anti-lipase (18.32 mg orlistat equivalents/g) and anti-tyrosinase (71.90 mg kojic acid equivalents/g) activity. The extract inhibited alpha-glucoside (1.35 mmol acarbose equivalents/g) and acetylcholinesterase (2.56 mg galanthamin equivalents/g), and had moderate effects on alpha-amylase, elastase, collagenase and hyaluronidase. Balkan heath could be recommended for raw material production with antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties.
Revisiting Treatment Strategies: Addressing Epithelial-To Transition-Induced Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
(Amer Assoc Advancement Science, 2025) Naserkhaki, Roghayeh; Shokouhian, Bahare; Tahamtani, Yaser; Khosravi, Arezoo; Iravani, Siavash; Zarrabi, Ali; Vosough, Massoud
One of the major therapeutic challenges for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most form of primary liver cancer, is how to overcome drug resistance. Due to the high failure rate of systemic therapy in treating advanced HCC patients and the increasing recurrence rate, HCC is a highly lethal malignancy. Primary and acquired drug resistance are major contributing factors to the patients with advanced HCC who do not respond effectively to long-term systemic therapy. Therefore, it is essential to look into the molecular processes that lead to drug resistance. Different studies have indicated that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical part in the emergence of drug resistance. Several signaling pathways regulate this phenomenon. This review primarily concentrates on drug resistance triggered by EMT, especially in the context of HCC. The key signaling pathways that cause drug resistance in HCC, including transforming growth factor-beta and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, liver cancer stem cells, and noncoding RNAs, are highlighted in the present study, along with the most recent molecular targets discovered to prevent drug resistance. These targets could help develop novel and combinatory HCC therapy approaches. Therefore, this review aims to provide both the latest findings on molecular basis and potential solutions for HCC drug resistance.
Double Congenital Abnormalities of Left Anterior Descending Artery: a Technical Modification for Closing Wide Neck of Aneurysm and Fistulae-A Case Report
(Oxford Univ Press, 2025) Guvenc, Rengin Cetin; Al Arfaj, Abdullah Ayar; Dogan, Demet; Ozer, Nihat
Background The duplication of the left anterior descending coronary artery and coronary artery-to-pulmonary artery fistulae are infrequent congenital anomalies described in literature. These anomalies can lead to life-threatening conditions such as myocardial infarction, rupture, cardiac tamponade, and heart failure.Case summary A 73-year-old male with chronic kidney failure was admitted for a preoperative cardiovascular assessment. Initially, he did not report any chest pain. However, while awaiting myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, he developed chest pain and coughing, leading him to present to the emergency department, where his troponin levels were found to be elevated. Coronary angiography and coronary computed tomography angiography showed a dual left coronary artery where one of the left anterior descending arteries completely transforms into a congenital aneurysm and fistula. In order to reshape the aneurysm neck and prevent the migration of coils into the left main coronary artery by creating a landing zone and to reduce the number of coils and the procedure time, two stents were first placed inside the aneurysm neck. Then, the fistula and aneurysm were successfully closed by coil implantation.Discussion Some case studies and centre experiences recommend interventional closure using cover stents, vascular plugs, and coil embolization techniques for symptomatic fistulae and those resulting in complications. Despite these recommendations, determining the best treatment strategy remains challenging due to the lack of clear guidelines. The novel modified technic consisted of two nested stents and coil embolization to close the aneurysm and fistula and prevent secondary complications due to myocardial infarction.
Photothermal Applications of Upconversion Nanoparticles
(Royal Soc Chemistry, 2025) Amoozadeh, Masoomeh; Khorsandi, Danial; Farahani, Amin; Zarepour, Atefeh; Khosravi, Arezoo; Iravani, Siavash; Zarrabi, Ali
Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have become a versatile nanoplatform with promising potential in photothermal applications. By efficiently converting near-infrared (NIR) light into heat, UCNPs offer a non-invasive approach to induce hyperthermia in specific target tissues, such as cancer cells, while preserving surrounding healthy cells. The utilization of UCNPs in combination therapies, multifunctional nanosystems, and regenerative medicine applications highlights their versatility and adaptability in addressing complex healthcare challenges. By leveraging the multifunctionality of UCNPs, researchers can develop approaches for disease management, drug delivery, and monitoring, opening the path for more effective and tailored biomedical interventions. However, challenges such as NIR light penetration limitations, biocompatibility considerations, photothermal conversion efficiency optimization, tumor targeting strategies, and clinical translation studies need to be carefully considered and overcome to maximize the efficacy of UCNPs in photothermal applications. We aim to provide an inclusive exploration of the potential applications of UCNPs in photothermal therapy, highlighting their unique properties and versatility in targeted therapeutic interventions. This review explores the photothermal conversion efficiency, tumor-targeting strategies, and future prospects of UCNPs, aiming to highlight the challenges and opportunities in employing these nanoparticles for precise and effective applications in cancer therapy, tissue engineering, and personalized medicine.
Engineering Moxifloxacin-Encapsulated Liposome-Enriched Alginate Hydrogel Films
(MDPI, 2025) Bal, Ismail; Macit, Meltem; Alasiri, Ali; Namli, Onur Cem; Arshad, Muhammad Sohail; Ahmad, Zeeshan; Kucuk, Israfil
In the present study, we developed a moxifloxacin (MXF)-encapsulated liposome-enriched alginate nanocomposite hydrogel coating. MXF was encapsulated in soy lecithin (SL:MXF:2:1) via the probe sonication method with an average efficiency of 80%. Two different manufacturing methods, including a micropipetting and a T-shaped microfluidic junction (TMJ) device technique, were used to incorporate the MXF-encapsulated liposomes into hydrogel matrices and layered as a coating on polymeric substrate material. Drug encapsulation and its incorporation into the hydrogel matrix significantly enhanced its stability and facilitated a prolonged drug release profile. A relatively rapid drug release was observed in the MXF-encapsulated liposome-loaded polymeric particulate layer developed via the micropipetting than the TMJ device technique. The findings confirmed sustained drug release behavior due to a hydrogel particulate structural uniformity conferred by the micromachine device, TMJ. Thus, these nanocomposite hydrogel coatings achieved can serve as a promising candidate for the treatment of ophthalmic or mucosal membrane infections.
Postpartum Balance and Kinesiophobia in Cesarean Delivery: Impact of Abdominal Fascial Scars
(Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2025) Mengu, Yagmur; Atici, Emine
Considering that the incisions made during cesarean delivery may damage subcutaneous tissue and fascia, and pelvic floor muscle contractions are effective in femoral head movements, it is hypothesized that the mode of delivery may have an impact on balance and kinesiophobia. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cesarean delivery on balance, kinesiophobia, and body awareness.A total of 70 women participated in the study. Demographic and obstetric data of the participants were recorded. Thoracolumbar fascia was assessed using a goniometric platform, trunk flexibility with the Modified Schober test, static balance with the Flamingo Balance test, and dynamic balance with the Y Balance Test. The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia was used to evaluate movement fear, and the Body Awareness Questionnaire was used to assess body awareness.No significant differences were found between cesarean and vaginal deliveries in terms of thoracolumbar fascia assessment, static balance, or dynamic balance measurements (p>0.05). In women who delivered vaginally, dynamic balance was observed to decrease with advancing age (p<0.05). Moreover, in vaginal deliveries, a shorter time since last birth was associated with improved anterior dynamic balance, while an increased number of deliveries was linked to impaired anterior dynamic balance (p<0.05). Regardless of the mode of delivery, all women experienced a decline in static balance and reduced anterior reach with increasing age. Additionally, an increased number of deliveries was associated with impaired static balance, and shorter postpartum duration was linked to decreased dynamic balance (p<0.05). No significant difference was found between vaginal and cesarean deliveries in terms of kinesiophobia (p>0.05). However, in women who delivered vaginally, body awareness decreased with age (p<0.05). In conclusion, the study found that cesarean scars had no adverse effects on balance, kinesiophobia, or body awareness. Nevertheless, further research focusing on balance is recommended.
Adaptation of Ventilation Strategies From Acute RDS To Severe BPD: a National Multicenter Survey of Practices in Extremely Preterm Infants
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2025) Akyildiz, Can; Tuzun, Funda; Duman, Nuray; Akcan, Abdullah Baris; Alp Unkar, Zeynep; Aygun, Canan; Ozkan, Hasan
Advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods have led to a paradigm shift in the management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The lack of evidence-based data in this area has led to variations in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to identify these differences and compare them with recommendations based on pathophysiology. The study was designed as an observational online survey of neonatologists from level 3 to 4 neonatal intensive care units caring for premature infants at increased risk of BPD and born before 28 weeks' gestation. Respondents were invited to participate in the study through the portal of the Turkish Neonatal Society. Participants were surveyed online about preferred ventilation modes, settings and clinical management of these patients through each respiratory distress syndrome, evolving BPD and severe BPD phases. A total of 39 centers involved in the study. Pressure-control assist-control volume-guaranteed was the most commonly preferred ventilation mode in respiratory distress syndrome and evolving BPD, while high frequency oscillatory ventilation was most commonly used in severe BPD. The use of synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation volume-guaranteed pressure support ventilation increased with disease progression. Ventilation settings were found to be changed according to pathophysiological recommendations, but not to the extent recommended. The study shows that early ventilation strategies are predominantly maintained in the later phases of BPD, although there are notable differences between centers.
Deploying a Novel Deep Learning Framework for Segmentation of Specific Anatomical Structures on Cone-Beam CT
(Springer, 2025) Yuce, Fatma; Buyuk, Cansu; Bilgir, Elif; Celik, Ozer; Bayrakdar, Ibrahim Sevki
AimCone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging plays a crucial role in dentistry, with automatic prediction of anatomical structures on CBCT images potentially enhancing diagnostic and planning procedures. This study aims to predict anatomical structures automatically on CBCT images using a deep learning algorithm.Materials and methodsCBCT images from 70 patients were analyzed. Anatomical structures were annotated using a regional segmentation tool within an annotation software by two dentomaxillofacial radiologists. Each volumetric dataset comprised 405 slices, with relevant anatomical structures marked in each slice. Seventy DICOM images were converted to Nifti format, with seven reserved for testing and the remaining sixty-three used for training. The training utilized nnUNetv2 with an initial learning rate of 0.01, decreasing by 0.00001 at each epoch, and was conducted for 1000 epochs. Statistical analysis included accuracy, Dice score, precision, and recall results.ResultsThe segmentation model achieved an accuracy of 0.99 for nasal fossa, maxillary sinus, nasopalatine canal, mandibular canal, foramen mentale, and foramen mandible, with corresponding Dice scores of 0.85, 0.98, 0.79, 0.73, 0.78, and 0.74, respectively. Precision values ranged from 0.73 to 0.98. Maxillary sinus segmentation exhibited the highest performance, while mandibular canal segmentation showed the lowest performance.ConclusionThe results demonstrate high accuracy and precision across most structures, with varying Dice scores indicating the consistency of segmentation. Overall, our segmentation model exhibits robust performance in delineating anatomical features in CBCT images, promising potential applications in dental diagnostics and treatment planning.
Effect of Osteotomy Strategy on Primary Stability and Intraosseous Temperature Rise: an Ex-Vivo Study
(BMC, 2025) Gokce Uckun, Gozde; Saygili, Sina; Cakir, Merve; Geckili, Onur
Background Primary stability is a perquisite for achieving successful osseointegration. Additionally thermal effect of implant bed preparation plays an important role in success of a dental implant. This ex vivo study was conducted to compare one step implant specific osteotomy and conventional osteotomy in terms of primary stability and thermal changes during surgery. Methods Forty eight implants were inserted into the sheep iliac crest bones each with a safe distance to each other and divided into six groups. In two of the groups implant specific osteotomy and in the remaining 4 groups conventional osteotomy was performed. In the groups, the primary stability of the trioval implants designed for the implant specific osteotomy were compared with the oval active threaded implants. The two osteotomy methods were also compared. Additionally the thermal changes during the two osteotomy methods were compared using a double-channel temperature monitoring device. Results Statistically significant differences (P <.05) were observed between the stability groups and the thermal evaluation groups (P <.05). Implant specific osteotomy revealed significantly higher stability than the conventional osteotomy (P <.001). Osteotomy without irrigation caused significantly higher thermal changes than the conventional osteotomy wit irrigation (P <.001). Conclusion Although the implant specific osteotomy reveals better primary stability, it causes higher temperature during drilling. However, since this increase is within the limits and doesn't cause a risk in terms of osseointegration, it may be used safely in clinical practice.
Recognizing the Unexpected: a Rare Cause of Rice Bodies in Brucellosis
(Wiley, 2025) Kalender, Ayse; Akcin, Ali Izzet; Eyvaz, Nuran; Dundar, Umit; Fazli, Sakhi Ahmad
Brucella is a gram-negative zoonotic agent transmitted by consumption of raw milk and infected meat. Among musculoskeletal manifestations, axial involvement such as spondylodiscitis and sacroiliitis is well documented, while peripheral manifestations like tenosynovitis and rice bodies remain underreported. In this case, flexor tenosynovitis and associated rice body involvement due to Brucella, which developed progressive swelling, pain, and restricted movement in the wrist and third finger of the hand after a minor abrasion, were investigated ultrasonographically. As far as we know, this is the first reported case of primary brucellosis with flexor tenosynovitis and associated rice bodies demonstrated ultrasonographically in the literature.
Is It Possible To Predict Severe Postpartum Hemorrhage and the Need for Massive Transfusion in Placenta Previa Cases
(Via Medica, 2025) Kole, Emre; Akar, Bertan; Doger, Emek; Kole, Merve Cakir; Anik, Yonca; Caliskan, Eray
Objectives: The aim was to construct a reliable working model for patients with placenta previa (PP) that aids in the prediction of postpartum bleeding potential with data from antenatal imaging studies using both ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Material and methods: Forty-three patients with PP were evaluated initially with the US and then by 3-Tesla MRI. The placenta accreata index (PAI) was used during the US evaluation in order to define the risks. Uterine bulging, heterogeneous signal, dark placental bands, focal interruption of myometrium and tenting of bladder wall were regarded as predictive criteria in MRI evaluation. The correlation between the findings from US and MRI studies and subsequent haemorrhage, < 1000 mL, > 1000 mL and severe haemorrhage (> 2000 mL) and massive transfusion [> 5 units of red blood cells (RBC)] were used to build this predictive model. The findings from the imaging studies were also confirmed histopathologically. Results: In the multivariate analysis of data from patients stratified by bleed size either < 1000 mL or > 1000 mL, none of the MRI and ultrasound findings were found to be predictive. The multivariate analysis was done using the second stratification cut-point of 2000 mL, in patients bleeding > 2000 mL PAI values [OR: 2.3 (1.4-3.8)] and overall MRI reported placenta accreata spectrum [OR: 4.9 (1.8-12.9)] were found to be predictive. While MRI findings were not discriminative between transfusion groups, grade 3 loculation on US examination was found to be predictive for the need of transfusion of > 5 units [OR: 67.5 (8.2-549.4)]. There were no cases needing hysterectomy. Conclusions: Ultrasound and MRI findings in cases of PP can be helpful in predicting postpartum bleeding.
Evaluation of Phenol Treatment for Pilonidal Sinus in Adolescents
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Kilic, Ayten Basak; Acar, Merve Nur Muti; Kilic, Sinan; Ekingen, Guelsen
Objective Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is chronic condition predominantly affecting adolescents, often associated with risk factors such as obesity, poor hygiene, and prolonged sitting. Minimally invasive treatments like phenol procedure have gained attention as alternatives to traditional surgical methods due to their simplicity and potential for shorter recovery. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of phenol procedure in adolescents with pilonidal sinus, focusing on success rates, recurrence, and complications.Material and method Total number of 28 adolescent patients with non-complicated PSD were included in this retrospective study.Results This study included 28 adolescent patients (mean age: 15.04 +/- 1.40 years), of which 60.7% were female. A total of 46.4% of the patients presented with a single sinus opening, while 53.6% had multiple sinus openings. Phenol procedure was administered with a mean of 3.32 +/- 1.49 courses, resulting in complete healing in 75.0% of patients and an overall success rate of 82.1% after pre- or post-surgical procedure. Complications were observed in 14.3% of cases, while recurrence occurred in 21.4%. Persistent discharge was reported in 7.1% of patients, necessitating surgical excision.Conclusions Our findings support that phenol treatment is a safe and effective minimally invasive approach for managing pilonidal sinus, demonstrating success rates comparable to conventional surgical methods. Furthermore, phenol procedure offers notable advantages, including preservation of tissue integrity, ease of implementation, and reduced recovery times, rendering it particularly advantageous for adolescent patients.
Stilbenes Against Alzheimer's Disease: a Comprehensive Review of Preclinical Studies of Natural and Synthetic Compounds Combined With the Contributions of Developed Nanodrug Delivery Systems
(Mdpi, 2025) Akkol, Esra Kupeli; Karatoprak, Gokce Seker; Dumlupinar, Berrak; Acikara, Ozlem Bahadir; Arici, Reyhan; Yucel, Cigdem; Sanchez, Eduardo Sobarzo
This review covers preclinical studies of stilbene derivative compounds (both natural and synthetic) with potential preventive and therapeutic effects against Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is a worldwide neurodegenerative disease characterized by the destruction of nerve cells in the brain and the loss of cognitive function due to aging. Stilbenes are a unique class of natural phenolic compounds distinguished by a C6-C2-C6 (1,2-diphenylethylene) structure and two aromatic rings connected by an ethylene bridge. Stilbenes' distinct features make them an intriguing subject for pharmacological research and development. Several preclinical studies have suggested that stilbenes may have neuroprotective effects by reducing A beta generation and oligomerization, enhancing A beta clearance, and regulating tau neuropathology through the prevention of aberrant tau phosphorylation and aggregation, as well as scavenging reactive oxygen species. Synthetic stilbene derivatives also target multiple pathways involved in neuroprotection and have demonstrated promising biological activity in vitro. However, some properties of stilbenes, such as sensitivity to physiological conditions, low solubility, poor permeability, instability, and low bioavailability, limit their usefulness in clinical applications. To address this issue, current investigations have developed new drug delivery systems based on stilbene derivative molecules. This review aims to shed light on the development of next-generation treatment strategies by examining in detail the role of stilbenes in Alzheimer's pathophysiology and their therapeutic potential.
Lercanidipine Enhances Cisplatin Activity: Dual Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Effects Via Caspase Activation and Mapk Inhibition
(Mdpi, 2025) Uskur, Tugce; Biltekin, Sevde Nur; Faikoglu, Gokhan; Saygisever-Faikoglu, Kubra; Berk, Barkin
Background/Objectives: Lercanidipine is a third-generation dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. In addition to their well-established cardiovascular effects, calcium channel blockers are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential in various cancers. This study aimed to investigate the potential anticancer effects of lercanidipine on cancer cell lines-particularly in combination with cisplatin-by assessing parameters such as cell viability (MTT assay), proliferation, MAPK pathway activity, caspase enzyme levels, and TNF-alpha expression. Methods: In this study, the effects of lercanidipine, both alone and in combination with cisplatin, on cell viability were evaluated using the MTT assay in MCF-7, SH-SY5Y, PC3, and HEK293 cell lines. To assess intracellular signaling and apoptotic pathways, MAPK inhibition, as well as caspase-3 and caspase-8 activities, were measured using ELISA. Additionally, to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential, TNF-alpha levels in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were analyzed via. Results: The study revealed that lercanidipine showed significant cytotoxic effects, particularly in SH-SY5Y and PC3 cancer cell lines, while it did not induce a 50% loss of viability in healthy HEK293 cells. When combined with cisplatin, lercanidipine enhanced cytotoxicity by 2.7-fold in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells, 1.6-fold in breast cancer (MCF7) cells, and 1.9-fold in prostate cancer (PC3) cells. MAPK activity was inhibited by 83.6% at 20 mu M lercanidipine, while dose-dependent increases in caspase-3 and caspase-8 activities were observed. Additionally, lercanidipine decreased TNF-alpha levels in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, indicating its potential anti-inflammatory effect. Conclusions: In conclusion, lercanidipine demonstrated selective anticancer effects in cancer cell lines and showed synergistic cytotoxicity when combined with cisplatin. It also significantly inhibited MAPK signaling, activated apoptotic caspases, and reduced TNF-alpha levels, suggesting potential anti-inflammatory activity. These findings highlight lercanidipine's potential for repurposing as an adjunct in cancer therapy.
The Effect of Topiramate on the Cerebellum of the Obese Female Rats: a Stereological, Histochemical and Bioinformatical Study by Investigation of Tnf-Α Interaction
(Wiley, 2025) Alkan, Isinsu; Altunkaynak, Berrin Zuhal; Akbari, Amir Mahdi; Altun, Ceren Erdem; Baycu, Cengiz
The rising incidence of obesity underscores the necessity for alternative obesity treatments. Patients commonly prefer medication aiding in weight reduction. Topiramate, an antiepileptic drug, is gaining popularity among obese patients for its weight loss benefits. This study aims to explore Topiramate's impact on the cerebella of obese female rats. In the experiment, 24 female rats (200-250 g) were divided into four groups: non-obese control (NOC), obese control (OC), non-obese topiramate (NOT) and obese topiramate (OT). The non-obese rats were given a standard diet, while the obese rats received a high-fat diet (40% fat). After 9 weeks, topiramate was administered intraperitoneally daily for 6 weeks. Following this, the rats were euthanised, and their cerebella were removed. The volume of the cerebellum and mean numerical density of the molecular neurons, granular neurons and Purkinje cells were estimated using stereological methods, and the link between obesity-caused cerebellum damage and TNF-alpha was assessed through immunohistochemical and bioinformatic techniques. Additionally, histopathological evaluations of the tissues were conducted. The cerebellar volume in the OC group was decreased compared to the NOC group. The topiramate groups exhibited a decrease in molecular or/and granular neuron numbers in the NOT and OT groups. Notably, neurons with dark cytoplasm were observed in the topiramate-treated groups, alongside neuronal degeneration was seen in the obese groups. The connection between TNF-alpha and obesity or obesity-caused cerebellum damage was confirmed through both immunohistochemical and bioinformatics analyses. These findings suggest that topiramate might have a degenerative effect on the cerebellum, especially following obesity.
Asymmetric Sinus Excision and Primary Closure With Additional Skin Excision Technique. Effect of Reduction of Dead-Space With Karydakis Modification
(Edizioni Luigi Pozzi, 2019) Kartal, Abdulcabbar; Yalcin, Metin; Oter, Volkan; Ferhatoglu, Murat Ferhat; Uzunkoy, Ali
OBJECTIVE: Pilonidal sinus is one of the common diseases, although there is still no gold standard of treatment available. The aim of this study was to reduce the residual dead-space volume with a modification following the standard Karydakis procedure. METHODS: A total of 100 patients were included in a randomised controlled trial, who were divided into two groups. Each group included 50 patients, and the patients in Group-I were treated with the new technique, whereas in Group-2, the standard Karydakis technique was performed. In the new technique, following total sinus excision, an advancement tissue flap was performed using additional skin excision, in order to reduce the dead-space volume. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in terms of sex, age, and sinus volume. Operation time was longer in first group (p=0,002). Seroma formation rate was higher in the secound group (p=0.036). There was no significant difference in terms of soft tissue infection (p=0.339) and wound dehiscence (p=0.218). The mean follow-up period was 30 months and no recurrence was observed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study suggest that this technique may be considered as an alternative surgical method in pilonidal sinus surgery.

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