Türkiye'de katma değer vergisi iadesinde vergi incelemesi ve değerlendirilmesi
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2019
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Katma Değer Vergisi, mal veya hizmet üretiminin her safhasında bir sonraki safhaya yansıtılması suretiyle doğan ve nihai olarak mal veya hizmetin tüketicisine yüklenen bir vergi türüdür. Ekonomideki tüm mal ve hizmetler için geçerli olmakla beraber, küreselleşme ile daha da artan rekabet şartları, sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik sebeplerden dolayı, tüm vergi uygulamalarında olduğu gibi Katma Değer Vergisi (KDV) Mevzuatında da bir takım istisna hükümleri yer almaktadır. Katma Değer Vergisi Kanununda istisna edilen işlemlerde KDV hesaplanmamakta, yani satıcı KDV'yi tahsil edememektedir. Böylelikle mal veya hizmet bedelinde KDV tutarında bir indirim sağlanmış olmakta, söz konusu vergi, nihai tüketicisine yansıtılamamaktadır. Katma Değer Vergisinin ödenmesinden mal veya hizmeti üretenler sorumlu olmakla beraber, aslında bu verginin mükellefi nihai tüketicidir. Bu sebeple, istisna edilen işlemlerde KDV tahsil edilemediğinden, son işlemi yapan kişi yada kurumda kalan Katma Değer Vergisinin iadesi gerekmektedir. Devlet, mükellef ve vergi uzmanları gibi birçok kesimi ilgilendiren 'Katma Değer Vergisi İade Mekanizması' bu kesimler için önemli bir emek ve zaman maliyeti aynı zamanda sırasıyla nakit çıkışı, nakit girişi ve gelir yaratmaktadır. Katma Değer Vergisi İadesine ilişkin uygulamaların gerçeğe uygun bir şekilde sonuçlanması için, vergi incelemeleri de bu mekanizmada yerini almaktadır. Çalışmamızda KDV mevzuatında istisna edilen işlemlerde iade uygulamaları ve vergi incelemeleri ile ilgili izlenen prosedürler, yayımlanan kanunlar, genel tebliğler, iç genelgeler ve muktezalar bazında açıklanılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın son kısmında ise katma değer vergisi iade uygulamaları ve vergi incelemeleri ile ilgili karşılaşılan sorunlar çözümleri ile açıklanmıştır.
Value Added Tax is a type of tax arising from reflecting the next stage of the production of goods or services to the next stage and ultimately charged to the consumer of the goods or services. In addition to the fact that it applies to all the goods and services in the economy, due to increasing competition conditions as a reason of globalization, social, cultural and economic reasons, same as all tax applications the Value Added Tax Legislation includes a number of exception provisions. VAT is not calculated for the conditions that are exempted by the Value Added Tax Law which means that the seller cannot collect VAT. Thus, a reduction in the amount of VAT is provided and the stated cannot be collected by the final consumer. Although the producers of goods or services are responsible for paying the Value Added Tax, final consumer is liable for the tax. Therefore, since VAT cannot be collected in the exempted transactions, the Value Added Tax is required to be returned by the person or institution that made the last transaction. The 'Value Added Tax Refund Mechanism', which concerns many parties such as government, taxpayers and tax experts, creates an important labor and time cost for these parties besides the cash outflow, cash inflow and income it creates. In order for applications regarding the refund of VAT to end up realistic, tax inspections should be included in the mechanism. In this study, the procedures regarding to the refund applications and tax inspections in the transactions exempted by the Value Added Tax Legislation is explained on the basis of published laws, general communiques, internal notice and special notice. In the last part of the study, the problems in value added tax refund applications and tax inspections and the relevant solutions are mentioned.
Value Added Tax is a type of tax arising from reflecting the next stage of the production of goods or services to the next stage and ultimately charged to the consumer of the goods or services. In addition to the fact that it applies to all the goods and services in the economy, due to increasing competition conditions as a reason of globalization, social, cultural and economic reasons, same as all tax applications the Value Added Tax Legislation includes a number of exception provisions. VAT is not calculated for the conditions that are exempted by the Value Added Tax Law which means that the seller cannot collect VAT. Thus, a reduction in the amount of VAT is provided and the stated cannot be collected by the final consumer. Although the producers of goods or services are responsible for paying the Value Added Tax, final consumer is liable for the tax. Therefore, since VAT cannot be collected in the exempted transactions, the Value Added Tax is required to be returned by the person or institution that made the last transaction. The 'Value Added Tax Refund Mechanism', which concerns many parties such as government, taxpayers and tax experts, creates an important labor and time cost for these parties besides the cash outflow, cash inflow and income it creates. In order for applications regarding the refund of VAT to end up realistic, tax inspections should be included in the mechanism. In this study, the procedures regarding to the refund applications and tax inspections in the transactions exempted by the Value Added Tax Legislation is explained on the basis of published laws, general communiques, internal notice and special notice. In the last part of the study, the problems in value added tax refund applications and tax inspections and the relevant solutions are mentioned.
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Maliye, İşletme, Katma değer, Katma değer vergisi, Finance, Business Administration, Vergi denetimi, Value added, Value added tax, Vergi iadesi, Tax audit, Vergilendirme, Tax rebate, Taxation, Vergiler, Taxes
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113