Üniversite öğrencilerinin beden algısı ile yeme davranışları ve besin tüketimleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
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2022
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Beslenme, yaşamın her döneminde önemli olmakla birlikte, gençlik ve üniversite döneminde önemi artmaktadır. Bu dönemde kazanılan alışkanlıklar, ilerleyen yaşlardaki sağlığın temelini atmakta ve yaşam kalitesini yükseltmektedir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin yeme davranışlarını etkileyen faktörler arasında, beden algısı kavramı öne çıkmaktadır. Beden ağırlığı ya da şekline ilişkin yanlış algılamalar ve beden memnuniyetsizliği olumsuz fiziksel ve psikolojik sonuçlarla ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin beden algısı, yeme davranışları ve besin tüketimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırmaya Haliç Üniversitesi'nde aktif olarak eğitim alan, tabakalı örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiş 216'sı kadın, 154'ü erkek olmak üzere 370 öğrenci dahil edilmiştir. Veriler; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Besin Tüketim Sıklığı, 24 saatlik Besin Tüketim Kaydı, Beden Algısı Ölçeği (BAÖ), Yeme Tutum Testi (YTT-40) ve Ortoreksiya Nervosa (ORTO-11) Ölçeği kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Kadınların %35,2'sinin, erkeklerin %16,9'unun beden algı düzeyi düşüktür. Kadınların beden algı düzeyi erkeklere göre anlamlı olarak daha düşüktür (p<0,05). Beden algı düzeyi düşük katılımcıların YTT-40 ortalamaları anlamlı olarak daha yüksektir (p<0,05). BAÖ puanları katılımcıların beyaz peynir, kaşar peyniri, tavuk(derisiz), balık(ızgara), kırmızı et, köfte, et yemeği, tam buğday ekmeği, patates haşlama, yulaf, bulgur, taze meyve, zeytinyağlı sebze yemeği, bal/reçel ve pekmez tüketim sıklıklarına göre anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir (p<0,05). Sabah ve gece öğününü her zaman, ikindi öğününü bazen tüketen katılımcıların beden algı düzeyleri anlamlı olarak daha yüksektir (p<0,05). Katılımcıların günlük enerji alımında beden algılarına göre anlamlı farklılık görülmezken; beden algı düzeyi düşük katılımcıların günlük su ve B12 vitamini alımı; beden algı düzeyi yüksek katılımcıların karbonhidrat (CHO), çoklu doymamış yağ asidi (ÇDYA), diyet lifi, B6 vitamini, folat, potasyum ve çinko alımı anlamlı olarak daha fazladır (p<0,05). Üniversite öğrencilerinin beden algı düzeylerinin yeme davranışlarını etkilediği görülmüştür. Üniversitelerde, sağlıklı beslenmeye dair bilimsel etkinlikler ve konferanslar düzenlenmeli; sağlık profesyonelleri, öğrencilerin gerçekçi olmayan beden algıları üzerinde durmalı ve beden ağırlığı ve şekli ile ilgili endişelerini gidermelidir.
Although nutrition is important in every period of life, its importance increases during youth and university periods. The habits gained during this period lay the foundation of health in later ages and increase the quality of life. Among the factors affecting the eating behaviors of university students, the concept of body image stands out. Misperceptions about body weight or shape and body dissatisfaction are associated with negative physical and psychological consequences. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between body image, eating behaviors and food consumption of university students. A total of 370 students, 216 female and 154 male, selected by stratified sampling method and actively studying at Haliç University, were included in the study. Data was obtained by using Personal Information Form, frequency of food consumption, 24-hour food consumption record, Body Image Scale (BIS), Eating Attitude Test (EAT-40), and Orthorexia Nervosa Scale (ORTO-11). The body image level of 35.2% of women and 16.9% of men is low. Body image level of women is significantly lower than men (p<0.05). Participants with low body image level had significantly higher EAT-40 mean scores (p<0.05). BIS scores of the participants showed a significant difference according to the frequency of consumption of white cheese, cheddar cheese, chicken (without skin), fish (grilled), red meat, meatballs, meat meal, whole wheat bread, boiled potatoes, oats, bulgur, fresh fruit, vegetable meal with olive oil, honey/jam and molasses (p<0.05). The body image levels of the participants who always consumed the morning and night meals and sometimes the afternoon meal were significantly higher (p<0.05). While there was no significant difference in daily energy intake of the participants according to their body images; water and vitamin B12 intake of participants with low body image level; the participants with high body image level had significantly higher carbohydrate (CHO), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), dietary fiber, vitamin B6, folate, potassium and zinc intake (p<0.05). It has been observed that the body image levels of university students affect their eating behaviors. Scientific events and conferences on healthy nutrition should be organized in universities; health professionals should focus on students' unrealistic body images and address their concerns about body weight and shape.
Although nutrition is important in every period of life, its importance increases during youth and university periods. The habits gained during this period lay the foundation of health in later ages and increase the quality of life. Among the factors affecting the eating behaviors of university students, the concept of body image stands out. Misperceptions about body weight or shape and body dissatisfaction are associated with negative physical and psychological consequences. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between body image, eating behaviors and food consumption of university students. A total of 370 students, 216 female and 154 male, selected by stratified sampling method and actively studying at Haliç University, were included in the study. Data was obtained by using Personal Information Form, frequency of food consumption, 24-hour food consumption record, Body Image Scale (BIS), Eating Attitude Test (EAT-40), and Orthorexia Nervosa Scale (ORTO-11). The body image level of 35.2% of women and 16.9% of men is low. Body image level of women is significantly lower than men (p<0.05). Participants with low body image level had significantly higher EAT-40 mean scores (p<0.05). BIS scores of the participants showed a significant difference according to the frequency of consumption of white cheese, cheddar cheese, chicken (without skin), fish (grilled), red meat, meatballs, meat meal, whole wheat bread, boiled potatoes, oats, bulgur, fresh fruit, vegetable meal with olive oil, honey/jam and molasses (p<0.05). The body image levels of the participants who always consumed the morning and night meals and sometimes the afternoon meal were significantly higher (p<0.05). While there was no significant difference in daily energy intake of the participants according to their body images; water and vitamin B12 intake of participants with low body image level; the participants with high body image level had significantly higher carbohydrate (CHO), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), dietary fiber, vitamin B6, folate, potassium and zinc intake (p<0.05). It has been observed that the body image levels of university students affect their eating behaviors. Scientific events and conferences on healthy nutrition should be organized in universities; health professionals should focus on students' unrealistic body images and address their concerns about body weight and shape.
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Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Beden algısı, Beden memnuniyeti, Beslenme, Nutrition and Dietetics, Beslenme alışkanlıkları, Body image, Beslenme davranışı, Body satisfaction, Nutrition, Gıda tüketimi, Nutritional habits, Feeding behavior, Obezite, Food consumption, Yeme tutumu, Obesity, Eating attitudes, Üniversite öğrencileri, University students
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128