Bir psikoloji merkezinin diyet bölümüne başvuranların beslenme durumlarının beden algısı ölçeği ile değerlendirilmesi
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2021
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Bireyler obezitenin sağlığa diğer olumsuz etkilerinden çok beden imajı yönüyle ilgilidir. Beden algısı kuramları, kadın ve erkeklerin kendi bedenlerini farklı biçimde algıladıklarını ileri sürmektedir. Bireylerin bir kısmı kendi kilo durumlarını doğru bir şekilde algılayamamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı İstanbul Psikoloji Akademisi Kurumu Beslenme ve Diyet Bölümüne başvuran kişilerin beslenme durumları ile beden algısı arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesidir. Yaş ortalaması 28,6±7,6 yıl olan 18-60 yaş arasındaki 130 (E: %17,7, K: %82,3) yetişkin birey çalışmaya katılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan erkek ve kadın bireylerin BKİ değeri ortalaması sırasıyla 25,6±3,8 kg/m2 ve 23,2±4,3 kg/m2'dir (p=0,018). Zayıf, normal, hafif şişman ve obez bireylerin oranı sırasıyla; %8,5, %61,5, %19,2 ve %10,8'dir. Erkeklerde zayıf birey bulunmazken kadınların %10,3'ü zayıftır. Hafif şişman erkeklerin oranı %43,5, kadınların oranı %14,0'dır. Obez olan erkek ve kadınların oranı %13,0 ve %10,3'tür (p=0,006). Bireylerin beden algısı ölçeği puan puan ortalaması 140,7±24,4 (E: 138,8±23,2, K:141,1±24,7)'tür. Beden algısına ilişkin doyumun düşük olduğu bireylerin oranı %40 iken yüksek olan bireylerin oranı %60'tır. Spor yapan ve yapmayan bireylerin ölçek puanı ortalaması 142,0±22,7 ve 137,9±27,5'tir (p>0,05). Herhangi bir hastalığı bulunan bireylerin ölçek puanı ortalaması 126,1±27,4 iken hastalığı bulunmayanların 143,3±23,0'dır (p=0,003). Zayıf ve normal kilolu olan bireylerin ölçek puanı ortalaması hafif şişman ve obez bireylere oranla daha yüksektir (p=0,000). Bireylerin vücut ağırlığı ve BKİ değerleri arttıkça beden algısına duydukları doyum azalmaktadır. Düşük vücut imajına sahip bireylerin; D vitamini, tiamin, magnezyum, demir ve çinko yetersiz kalırken vücut algısı yüksek olan kişiler sadece D vitamini yetersiz tüketmektedir. Vücut algısı düşük olan bireylerde yetersiz miktarda besin tüketilmesi daha fazladır. Vücut algısı yüksek olan bireylerde karbonhidrat enerji yüzdesi, A ve D vitaminlerinin tüketimi daha fazladır (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak; çalışmamızda beslenme durumu, BKİ ve beden algısının birbiriyle ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Obezitenin birçok kronik hastalık üzerine doğrudan ya da dolaylı etkileri olduğu gibi bireylerde psikolojik sorunların oluşmasında neden olmaktadır. Bu sebeple obezite tedavisinde bir hekim ve diyetisyenin yanında psikoloğun da bulunması tedavi sürecini kolaylaştırabilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Beslenme, beslenme durumu beden algısı, beden kütle indeksi, obezite
Individuals are more concerned with body image aspect than other negative health effects of obesity. Body perception theories suggest that men and women perceive their bodies differently. Some of the individuals cannot perceive their own weight conditions correctly. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and body perception of individuals who applied to the Department of Nutrition and Diet, of the Istanbul Psychology Academy. Anamnesis form (demographic information, health information, anthropometric measurements), food consumption frequency form and Body Image Scale (BAI) were applied to the individuals participating in the study. 130 adults (M: 17.7%, M: 82.3%) between the ages of 18-60 with a mean age of 28.6 ± 7.6 years participated in the study. The average BMI value of male and female individuals participating in the study is 25.6 ± 3.8 kg / m2 and 23.2 ± 4.3 kg / m2, respectively (p=0.018). The proportion of lean, normal, slightly obese and obese individuals, respectively; 8.5%, 61.5%, 19.2% and 10.8%. There are no weak men. 10.3% of women are weak. The proportion of mildly obese men is 43.5%, and the proportion of women is 14.0%. The proportion of obese men and women is 13.0% and 10.3% (p=0.006). Body perception scale mean score of individuals is 140.7 ± 24.4 (M: 138.8±23.2, F:141.1±24.7). While the rate of individuals with low body perception satisfaction is 40%, the rate of individuals with high body perception is 60%. The mean scale score of individuals who do sports and those who do not are 142.0±22.7 and 137.9±27.5 (p>0.05). While the mean scale score of individuals with any disease is 126.1 ± 27.4, it is 143.3 ± 23.0 for those without the disease (p=0.003). The mean scale score of individuals with BMI <25 kg/m2 is higher than individuals with BMI≥25 kg/m2 (p=0.000). As individuals' body weight and BMI values increase, their satisfaction with body perception decreases. A positive correlation was found between the body perception scale score and only vitamin A consumption among the macro and micronutrients obtained from the food consumption record. Individuals with low body image; While vitamin D, thiamine, magnesium, iron and zinc are insufficient, people with high body perception only consume vitamin D insufficient. Insufficient amount of food consumption is more in individuals with low body perception. Carbohydrate energy percentage and consumption of vitamins A and D are higher in individuals with high body perception (p <0.05). Consequently; In our study of BMI, nutrition status and body image was found to be associated with each other. Obesity has direct or indirect effects on many chronic diseases and causes psychological problems in individuals. For this reason, the presence of a physician and a dietician as well as a psychologist in the treatment of obesity can facilitate the treatment process. Keywords: Nutrition, nutritional status, body perception, body mass index, obesity
Individuals are more concerned with body image aspect than other negative health effects of obesity. Body perception theories suggest that men and women perceive their bodies differently. Some of the individuals cannot perceive their own weight conditions correctly. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and body perception of individuals who applied to the Department of Nutrition and Diet, of the Istanbul Psychology Academy. Anamnesis form (demographic information, health information, anthropometric measurements), food consumption frequency form and Body Image Scale (BAI) were applied to the individuals participating in the study. 130 adults (M: 17.7%, M: 82.3%) between the ages of 18-60 with a mean age of 28.6 ± 7.6 years participated in the study. The average BMI value of male and female individuals participating in the study is 25.6 ± 3.8 kg / m2 and 23.2 ± 4.3 kg / m2, respectively (p=0.018). The proportion of lean, normal, slightly obese and obese individuals, respectively; 8.5%, 61.5%, 19.2% and 10.8%. There are no weak men. 10.3% of women are weak. The proportion of mildly obese men is 43.5%, and the proportion of women is 14.0%. The proportion of obese men and women is 13.0% and 10.3% (p=0.006). Body perception scale mean score of individuals is 140.7 ± 24.4 (M: 138.8±23.2, F:141.1±24.7). While the rate of individuals with low body perception satisfaction is 40%, the rate of individuals with high body perception is 60%. The mean scale score of individuals who do sports and those who do not are 142.0±22.7 and 137.9±27.5 (p>0.05). While the mean scale score of individuals with any disease is 126.1 ± 27.4, it is 143.3 ± 23.0 for those without the disease (p=0.003). The mean scale score of individuals with BMI <25 kg/m2 is higher than individuals with BMI≥25 kg/m2 (p=0.000). As individuals' body weight and BMI values increase, their satisfaction with body perception decreases. A positive correlation was found between the body perception scale score and only vitamin A consumption among the macro and micronutrients obtained from the food consumption record. Individuals with low body image; While vitamin D, thiamine, magnesium, iron and zinc are insufficient, people with high body perception only consume vitamin D insufficient. Insufficient amount of food consumption is more in individuals with low body perception. Carbohydrate energy percentage and consumption of vitamins A and D are higher in individuals with high body perception (p <0.05). Consequently; In our study of BMI, nutrition status and body image was found to be associated with each other. Obesity has direct or indirect effects on many chronic diseases and causes psychological problems in individuals. For this reason, the presence of a physician and a dietician as well as a psychologist in the treatment of obesity can facilitate the treatment process. Keywords: Nutrition, nutritional status, body perception, body mass index, obesity
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Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Beden algısı, Beslenme, Beslenme durumu, Nutrition and Dietetics, Diyet, Body image, Diyet tedavisi, Nutrition, Nutritional status, Obezite, Diet, Diet therapy, Psikoloji, Obesity, Vücut kitle indeksi, Psychology, Body mass index, Ölçekler, Scales