Stratejik oryantasyonlar ve yenilikçiliğin hastane performansına etkisinde örgütsel öğrenme yeteneğinin ara değişken rolü
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2016
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Günümüz işletmelerinin rekabet avantajı kazanması, uzun dönem başarı sağlaması, performanslarını arttırmak ve kalıcılıklarını koruyabilmeleri girişimci davranmalarına, hizmet, pazar ve teknoloji açısından yenilikçi olmalarına bağlıdır. Küresel değişim stratejik, yönetimdeki gelişmeler örgüt performansını olumlu yönde geliştirmek amacı ile planlamacı yaklaşımdan kültürel oryantasyonlara geçişi zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Dolayısıyla pazar oryantasyonunu geliştirmede örgütsel öğrenme yeteneği örgütlerin çevre ve pazar değişikliklerini öngörerek örgüt süreçlerinin riskinin düşürülmesine ve örgütün geliştirilmesine önemli katkıda bulunmaktadır. Yam vd., (2005) örgütlerin faaliyetlerinin daha fazla pazar ve kalite odaklı olmasını kapsayan mevcut süreçleri yeniden yapılandırarak ve yeni programlar icat ederek değiştirmelerini önermiştir. Diğer taraftan örgütsel öğrenme yeteneği bulunan işletmelerin dış çevre ile açık etkileşim içinde olan, deneyimleri değerlendiren, yönetimsel bağlılık sağlayan, katılımcı bir politika izleyen, liderleri örgüte bağlı ve personeli güçlendiren bir tutum içinde, amaç ve misyonu açık, bilgi aktarımını tam ve zamanında yaparak hastane performanslarını artırdığı çeşitli araştırmalarla tespit edilmiştir (Chiva vd., 2007; Jerez-Gomez vd., 2005; Leonard-Barton, 1992). Bu varsayımlarımız doğrultusunda Türkiye genelinde yataklı hizmet veren 550 özel hastaneden 378 hastanede elde edilen 540 anketten oluşan bir veri tabanı oluşturulmuştur. Teorik çerçeve kapsamında dile getirilen hipotezler SPSS 19 programı kullanılarak korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri ile test edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları Pazar oryantasyon alt boyutlarından rakip odaklılık, departmanlar arası koordinasyon, girişimcilik oryantasyonu alt boyutlarından ileriye etkililik eğilimi, yenilikçilik alt boyutlarından davranış ve hizmet ve kalite oryantasyonunun pozitif yönde hastane performansını etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Rakip odaklılık-nitel performans; proaktiflik eğilimi-nitel performans ve kalite oryantasyonu-nicel performans ilişkisinde örgütsel öğrenme yeteneğinin tam ara değişken rolü vardır. Rakip odaklılık-nicel performans; departmanlar arası koordinasyon-nicel performans-nitel performans ve kalite oryantasyonu- nicel performans; hizmet ve davranışsal yenilikçilik ve kalite oryantasyonu nitel performans arasındaki ilişkide örgütsel öğrenme yeteneği kısmi ara değişken rolü oynamıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Stratejik Oryanatsyonlar, Yenilikçilik, Örgütsel Öğrenme Yeteneği, Hastane Performansı
Today's enterprises gain for competitive advantage, to ensure long-term success, they act to protect their entrepreneurs to improve their performance and durability, service depends on being innovative in terms of market and technology. Global strategic change, the ruling developments have made it necessary to switch to the cultural orientation of the planners with the aim of developing a positive approach to the performance of the organization. As a result of this, in improving market orientation, organizational learning capability have contributed organizations in envisaging environment and market orientations, thereby decreasing the risks regarding organizational processes and in developing the organization. Yam and others (2005) have suggested that operations of organizations be changed by reconsturcting existing processes to be more market and quality oriented and inventing more programmes. On the other hand, it has been ascertained by various research that organizations which have organizational learning capability proved to be in open interaction with their external environment, to put experiences in use, to achieve administrative commitment, to adopt a participatory policy, to have leaders who are committed to the organization and in an attitude to provide positive reinforcement for the employees, to have tangible visions and missions, and to be improving company performance by accomplishing knowledge transfer properly and on time. (Chiva et al., 2007; Jerez-Gomez et al., 2005; Leonard-Barton, 1992). It can be inferred from such evidence that company performance will boost provided that market and business oriented company strategies are reconstructed in the context of organizational learning. In accordance with these presumptions, a database consisting of 540 surveys carried out at 378 out of 550 private hospitals with beds in Turkey. Hypotheses put forward within the scope of theoretical framework have been tested by correlation and regression analyses using SPSS 19 program. Analysis results proved that market orientation dimensions such as Competitor Orientation and Inter departmental coordination and entrepreneurial orientation dimensions proactiveness and innovation dimensions Behaviour ial and services innovations and quality orientation have a positive impact on Company Performance . It has been observed that learning capability has a positive impact on the subdimensions of Firm Performance. Organizational Learning capability has a full mediating variable impact on the correlation between Competitor Orientation - Qualitative Performance; Proactiveness -Qualitative Performance; and Quality orientation - Quantitative Performance .On the other hand, Organizational Learning Capability has a partial intervening (mediating) variable impact on the correlation between Competitor Orientation - Qualitative Performance and Interdepartmental Coordination - Quantitative Performance; services innovation and Behaviourial innovation and proactiveness. While showing interrelations and linear relations among factors in the scope of theoretical framework, our research has put forward that organizational learning capability has a full and a partial intervening variable effect in the scope of these relations. Key Words: Strategic Orientation, Innovatıon, Learning Capability, Hospital Performances
Today's enterprises gain for competitive advantage, to ensure long-term success, they act to protect their entrepreneurs to improve their performance and durability, service depends on being innovative in terms of market and technology. Global strategic change, the ruling developments have made it necessary to switch to the cultural orientation of the planners with the aim of developing a positive approach to the performance of the organization. As a result of this, in improving market orientation, organizational learning capability have contributed organizations in envisaging environment and market orientations, thereby decreasing the risks regarding organizational processes and in developing the organization. Yam and others (2005) have suggested that operations of organizations be changed by reconsturcting existing processes to be more market and quality oriented and inventing more programmes. On the other hand, it has been ascertained by various research that organizations which have organizational learning capability proved to be in open interaction with their external environment, to put experiences in use, to achieve administrative commitment, to adopt a participatory policy, to have leaders who are committed to the organization and in an attitude to provide positive reinforcement for the employees, to have tangible visions and missions, and to be improving company performance by accomplishing knowledge transfer properly and on time. (Chiva et al., 2007; Jerez-Gomez et al., 2005; Leonard-Barton, 1992). It can be inferred from such evidence that company performance will boost provided that market and business oriented company strategies are reconstructed in the context of organizational learning. In accordance with these presumptions, a database consisting of 540 surveys carried out at 378 out of 550 private hospitals with beds in Turkey. Hypotheses put forward within the scope of theoretical framework have been tested by correlation and regression analyses using SPSS 19 program. Analysis results proved that market orientation dimensions such as Competitor Orientation and Inter departmental coordination and entrepreneurial orientation dimensions proactiveness and innovation dimensions Behaviour ial and services innovations and quality orientation have a positive impact on Company Performance . It has been observed that learning capability has a positive impact on the subdimensions of Firm Performance. Organizational Learning capability has a full mediating variable impact on the correlation between Competitor Orientation - Qualitative Performance; Proactiveness -Qualitative Performance; and Quality orientation - Quantitative Performance .On the other hand, Organizational Learning Capability has a partial intervening (mediating) variable impact on the correlation between Competitor Orientation - Qualitative Performance and Interdepartmental Coordination - Quantitative Performance; services innovation and Behaviourial innovation and proactiveness. While showing interrelations and linear relations among factors in the scope of theoretical framework, our research has put forward that organizational learning capability has a full and a partial intervening variable effect in the scope of these relations. Key Words: Strategic Orientation, Innovatıon, Learning Capability, Hospital Performances
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İşletme, Hastaneler, Performans, Business Administration, Stratejik oryantasyon, Hospitals, Performance, Yenilikçilik, Strategic orientation, Örgütsel performans, Innovativeness, Organizational performance, Öğrenen organizasyonlar, Learning organizations
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157