Üç ve üzeri gebeliği olan kadınların algıladıkları stres düzeyi ve kendilerini algılama düzeyi ilişkisi
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2019
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Bu çalışma, üç ve üzeri gebeliği olan kadınların algılanan stres düzeyi ile kendilerini algılama düzeyi ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel nitelikteki araştırma, Mayıs–Ekim 2018 tarihleri arasında Kocaeli Üniversitesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum polikliniğine muayeneye gelen üç ve üzeri gebeliği olan 230 gebe kadın ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verilerinin toplanmasında, kişisel bilgi formu, Gebelerin Kendilerini Algılama Ölçeği (GKAÖ) ve Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ) kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, sayı yüzdelik hesaplamaları, t testi, Anova testi, Man Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis testi, Spearmans Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Gebelerin Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ) puan ortalaması 42,62±5,01 olarak, 'Gebeliğe Ait Annelik Algısı' (GAAA) alt boyutu puan ortalaması 19,54±5,07 ve 'Gebeliğe Ait Beden Algısı' (GABA) alt boyutu puan ortalaması 13,16±3,96 olarak bulunmuştur. ASÖ ile GAAA puan ortalaması arasında negatif yönde zayıf ilişki saptanmış (p<0,05), GABA arasında ilişki saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). GABA ile GAAA arasında negatif yönde zayıf ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Gebelerin gelir durumu, evlilik yaşı, aile tipi ve gebelik sayısı ile 'Algılan Stres Ölçeği' (ASÖ) puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Gebelerin öğrenim durumu, çalışma durumu, gelir durumu, evlilik yaşı, aile tipi, gebelik sayısı ve gebeliğin planlı olma durumu ile GAAA alt boyut puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Gebelerin gebeliklerinin planlı olma durumu, anneliğe hazır hissetme durumu, bedenindeki değişiklikleri nasıl algıladığı, gebelikte bilgi alma durumu, gebelik ve doğumla ilgili kaygısı olma durumu ve gebelik döneminde en çok kimden destek aldığı ile GABA alt boyut puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Çalışma sonucunda üç ve üzeri gebeliği olan kadınların algılanan stres düzeyinin annelik algısını etkilediği, beden algısını etkilemediği saptanmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Üç ve üzeri gebelik, Algılanan stres, Annelik algısı, Beden algısı
The present study was carried out in order to determine the relationship between the perceived stress level of women, who had 3 or more pregnancies, and self-perception levels of those women. The present descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out on 230 pregnant women, who had 3 or more pregnancies and applied to Gynecology and Obstetrics Polyclinics of Kocaeli University Research and Application Hospital between May and October 2018. The data collection was performed by using personal information form, Self-Perception Scale for Pregnant Women (SPSPW), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). In analyzing the data obtained, the percentages, t-test, ANOVA test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman's Correlation Analysis were used. The mean score of pregnant women in Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was found to be 42.62±5.01 and the mean scores in 'Pregnancy-Related Motherhood Perception (PRMP)' and 'Pregnancy-Related Body Perception (PRBP)' sub-dimensions were found to be 19.54±5.07 and 13.16±3.96, respectively. A weak negative relationship was found between PSS and PRMP (p<0.05), whereas no relationship was found for PRBP (p>0.05). PRMP and PRBP were found to have weak negative relationship (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the income status, age of marriage, family type, and number of pregnancies of pregnant women and their mean score in PSS (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the pregnant women's educational status, employment status, family type, number of pregnancies, and plannedness of pregnancy and the mean score in PRMP sub-dimension (p<0.05). The pregnant women's mean score in plannedness of pregnancy, feeling ready for motherhood, how the changes in body are perceived, getting information during pregnancy, from whom they received support at most during the pregnancy, and the anxiety related with pregnancy and delivery sub-dimensions was found to be statistically significantly different from mean score in PRBP sub-dimension (p<0.05). iv In conclusion, it was determined that the perceived stress level of women having history of three or more pregnancies affected the motherhood perception but not the body perception. Keywords: Three or more pregnancies, Perceived stress, Motherhood perception, Body perception
The present study was carried out in order to determine the relationship between the perceived stress level of women, who had 3 or more pregnancies, and self-perception levels of those women. The present descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out on 230 pregnant women, who had 3 or more pregnancies and applied to Gynecology and Obstetrics Polyclinics of Kocaeli University Research and Application Hospital between May and October 2018. The data collection was performed by using personal information form, Self-Perception Scale for Pregnant Women (SPSPW), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). In analyzing the data obtained, the percentages, t-test, ANOVA test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman's Correlation Analysis were used. The mean score of pregnant women in Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was found to be 42.62±5.01 and the mean scores in 'Pregnancy-Related Motherhood Perception (PRMP)' and 'Pregnancy-Related Body Perception (PRBP)' sub-dimensions were found to be 19.54±5.07 and 13.16±3.96, respectively. A weak negative relationship was found between PSS and PRMP (p<0.05), whereas no relationship was found for PRBP (p>0.05). PRMP and PRBP were found to have weak negative relationship (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the income status, age of marriage, family type, and number of pregnancies of pregnant women and their mean score in PSS (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the pregnant women's educational status, employment status, family type, number of pregnancies, and plannedness of pregnancy and the mean score in PRMP sub-dimension (p<0.05). The pregnant women's mean score in plannedness of pregnancy, feeling ready for motherhood, how the changes in body are perceived, getting information during pregnancy, from whom they received support at most during the pregnancy, and the anxiety related with pregnancy and delivery sub-dimensions was found to be statistically significantly different from mean score in PRBP sub-dimension (p<0.05). iv In conclusion, it was determined that the perceived stress level of women having history of three or more pregnancies affected the motherhood perception but not the body perception. Keywords: Three or more pregnancies, Perceived stress, Motherhood perception, Body perception
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Hemşirelik, Algı, Beden, Nursing, Beden imajı, Perception, Body, Gebelik, Body image, Kadınlar, Pregnancy, Women, Stres, Stress
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