Anaokuluna devam eden 60-72 aylık çocukların değer düzeyleri ile anne ve babalarının empati eğilim düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
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2018
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Topluma yön veren, insanların tutum ve davranışlarını oluşturan değerlerin erken çocukluk döneminde öğretilmesi daha yaşanılabilir toplumlar için bir gereksinimdir. Çocuklarda değer kazanımını arttıracak her unsur önemlidir. Özellikle çocukların değer kazanımlarında ailelerinin etkisi incelenmeye değer görülmüştür. Bu araştırmada 60-72 Ay okul öncesi çocuklarının değer düzeyleri ile anne ve babaların empati eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu Malatya İli merkez Yeşilyurt İlçesine bağlı anaokullarına devam eden 60-72 ay arasındaki 85'i kız 85'i erkek olmak üzere toplam 170 çocuk ve bu çocukların anne ve babalarından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada çocukların değer düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla Neslitürk ve Çeliköz tarafından 2015 yılında geliştirilen Okul Öncesi Değerler Ölçeği Öğrenci Formu; anne ve babaların empati eğilimlerini ölçmek için Dökmen tarafından 1988 yılında geliştirilen Empati Eğilimi Ölçeği ve araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 15.0 programında analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada çocukların değer düzeyi ile anne-baba empati eğilim düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin saptanması için Pearson korelasyon analizi ve Regresyon analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Analizlerde anlamlılık düzeyi 0,05 (p<0,05) olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri çocuk değer düzeyi ile anne ve baba empati eğilim düzeyi arasında pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı bir ilişkiyi ortaya koymuştur. Annelerin ve babaların empatik eğilimleri ve sempatik eğilimleri arttıkça çocukların saygı, dürüstlük, sorumluluk, işbirliği, arkadaşlık ve paylaşım puanları artış göstermiştir. Annenin ve babanın ben merkezli eğilimi arttıkça çocukların saygı, dürüstlük, sorumluluk, işbirliği, arkadaşlık ve paylaşım puanları azalmıştır. Çalışmada, çocukların değer ölçeğinden aldıkları en yüksek puan ortalamasına sahip değerler paylaşım, saygı ve dürüstlük olarak saptanmıştır. Çalışmada, çocuk değer düzeyinin cinsiyete, kardeş sayısına, anne ve babaların yaşlarına ve evlilik sürelerine göre anlamlı bir farklılaşma olmadığı ancak çocuğun okul öncesi eğitimi alma süresine, kaçıncı çocuk olduğuna, annenin ve babanın öğrenim düzeyine, annenin çalışma durumu, babanın mesleği ile ailenin aylık gelirine göre anlamlı farklılaşma olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, empati eğilimleri yüksek olan ebeveyne sahip çocukların değer düzeylerinin, empati eğilimleri düşük olan ebeveyne sahip çocukların değer düzeylerinden yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada annelerin ve babaların empatik eğilimlerinin çocuk değer düzeyine olumlu etki ettiği görülmüştür.
Teaching the values that constitute people's attitudes and behaviours in early childhood is a necessity for more liveable societies. Every element that increases the value-gaining for children is important. The impact of the families on the children particularly for value-gaining has been considered as worthy for investigation. In this study, the relationship between the emphatic tendency of the parents and level of the values of the pre-school children at 60-72 months was aimed to be investigated. The study group consisted 170 children including 85 boys and 85 girls, who were the students of the kindergartens in the city centre of Yesilyurt town of Malatya, and the parents of these children. Pre-School Value Scale Form that was developed by Nesliturk and Celikoz in 2015 was used to assess the value level of the children; Empatic Tendency Scale that was developed by Dokmen in 1988 was used to measure the emphatic tendency of the parents, and the information form that was developed by the investigator were used in this study. The collected data were analysed in SPSS software version 15.0. Pearson's correlation analyse and regression analyse were used to determine the relationship between the value level of the children and the emphatic level of their parents. P<0,05 was accepted as statistically significant. The results of this study have indicated that there was positive and significant association between the children's value level and the emphatic level of their parents. As the emphatic and sympathetic tendencies of the parents increased, it was observed that the scores of the children for respect, honesty, responsibility, collaboration, friendship, and sharing also increased. As the tendency of self-centeredness of the parents increased, the scores of the children for respect, honesty, responsibility, collaboration, friendship, and sharing decreased. In this study, the values that the children took the mean highest scores in the value scale were determined as sharing, respect, and honesty. There were no significant relationship between the value level of the children and gender, the number of brother/sister, the ages of the parents, and the time of the being married; however, there were significant differences between the time length of the preschool education of the child, the rank of the child in his/her family, the level of the education of the parents, the situation whether the mother was working or not, the occupation of the father, and the monthly income of the family. Consequently, it can be said that the value level of the children whose parents have high emphatic tendency is higher than of the children whose parents have low emphatic tendency level. In the previous studies, it was observed that emphatic tendency of parents showed positive effect on the children's value level. Key Words; Value, empatic, pre-school, mother, father.
Teaching the values that constitute people's attitudes and behaviours in early childhood is a necessity for more liveable societies. Every element that increases the value-gaining for children is important. The impact of the families on the children particularly for value-gaining has been considered as worthy for investigation. In this study, the relationship between the emphatic tendency of the parents and level of the values of the pre-school children at 60-72 months was aimed to be investigated. The study group consisted 170 children including 85 boys and 85 girls, who were the students of the kindergartens in the city centre of Yesilyurt town of Malatya, and the parents of these children. Pre-School Value Scale Form that was developed by Nesliturk and Celikoz in 2015 was used to assess the value level of the children; Empatic Tendency Scale that was developed by Dokmen in 1988 was used to measure the emphatic tendency of the parents, and the information form that was developed by the investigator were used in this study. The collected data were analysed in SPSS software version 15.0. Pearson's correlation analyse and regression analyse were used to determine the relationship between the value level of the children and the emphatic level of their parents. P<0,05 was accepted as statistically significant. The results of this study have indicated that there was positive and significant association between the children's value level and the emphatic level of their parents. As the emphatic and sympathetic tendencies of the parents increased, it was observed that the scores of the children for respect, honesty, responsibility, collaboration, friendship, and sharing also increased. As the tendency of self-centeredness of the parents increased, the scores of the children for respect, honesty, responsibility, collaboration, friendship, and sharing decreased. In this study, the values that the children took the mean highest scores in the value scale were determined as sharing, respect, and honesty. There were no significant relationship between the value level of the children and gender, the number of brother/sister, the ages of the parents, and the time of the being married; however, there were significant differences between the time length of the preschool education of the child, the rank of the child in his/her family, the level of the education of the parents, the situation whether the mother was working or not, the occupation of the father, and the monthly income of the family. Consequently, it can be said that the value level of the children whose parents have high emphatic tendency is higher than of the children whose parents have low emphatic tendency level. In the previous studies, it was observed that emphatic tendency of parents showed positive effect on the children's value level. Key Words; Value, empatic, pre-school, mother, father.
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Eğitim ve Öğretim, Psikoloji, Ana-baba, Anaokulları, Education and Training, Değer algısı, Psychology, Değerler, Parents, Kindergartens, Empati, Value perception, Values, Okul öncesi dönem, Empathy, Okul öncesi eğitim, Preschool period, Preschool education, Okul öncesi çocuklar, Preschool childrens