Toplumun COVID-19 salgını ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi ve davranış değerlendirmesi
Abstract
Bu çalışma Türkiye'de yaşayan 18-65 yaş arası toplam 792 kişi ile toplumun COVID-19 salgını ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla 1 Aralık 2020-28 Şubat 2021 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın ör-neklemini, kartopu örnekleme yöntemiyle online ankete katılmayı kabul eden, araştır-mayı eksiksiz tamamlayan 792 birey oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri toplam 34 soru-dan oluşan veri toplama formu ile elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde, sayı-yüzde he-saplamaları, ortalama, standart sapma, One Way ANOVA ve Lineer regresyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılanların %56,2'si kadın, %43,8'i erkek, %52,3'ü 21-30 yaş aralı-ğında, %74,5'i üniversite ve üzeri mezunudur. Bireylerin %67,9'u çalışmakta olup, %61,9'unun geliri giderine denk, %88,5'inin sosyal güvencesi bulunmakta, %51,5'i evli, %34,5'i eşi ve çocuklarıyla birlikte yaşamaktadır. Katılımcıların COVID-19'a ilişkin bilgi düzeyini belirlemeyi amaçlayan sorulara verilen yanıtlar incelendiğinde; katılımcıların %96,5'u 'COVID-19'un temel belirtileri arasında ateş, yorgunluk ve ku-ru öksürük vardır.' doğru cevabını, %96,6'sı 'Çocukların ve genç yetişkinlerin COVID-19'dan korunmak için önlem almasına gerek vardır.' doğru cevabını, %98,1'i 'COVID-19 virüsü bulaşan kişilerle temasa geçenlerin hızlı bir şekilde izole edilmesi gerekir ve karantina süresi 14 gün olarak uygulanır.' doğru cevabını vermiştir. Katılımcıların COVID-19'a ilişkin davranış düzeyini belirlemeye yönelik soru-lara verdiği yanıtlar incelendiğinde; katılımcıların %95,6'sı maske kullandığını, %92,7'si tek kullanımlık maske kullandığını, %70,2'si maske tercihinde fiyatın önem-li bir kriter olduğunu, %55,4'ü ise ellerini sık yıkadığını belirtmiştir. Bireylerin yaş, öğrenim durumu, sağlık çalışanı olma ve yakınında COVID-19 tanısı alma değişkenlerinin COVID-19 bilgi düzeyini arttırdığı belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19, Pandemi, Bilgi, Davranış
This research was carried out as a descriptive and cross-sectional study between December 2020 and February 2021 with a total of 792 people aged 18-65 living in Tur-key, in order to evaluate the knowledge level and behaviors of the society about the COVID-19 epidemic. The sample of the study consisted of 792 people who accepted to participate and completed the online survey. The research data were obtained with a da-ta collection forms consisting of 34 questions in total. In the analysis of the data, num-ber-percentage calculations, mean, standard deviation, One Way ANOVA and Linear Regression tests were used. 56.2% of the participants are female, 52.3% of them are between the ages of 21-30, 74.5% of them are university graduates or higher. 67.9% of them are employees, 61.9% have income equal to expenses, 88.5% have social security, 51.5% are married, 34.5% live with their partners and children. In the knowledge test conducted within the scope of the research, 96.5% of the participants gave correct answers to the question of 'The main symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, fatigue and dry cough.' and %96.6 gave correct answers to the question of 'children and young adults need to take precautions to protect themselves from COVID-19.' %98.1 gave answers to question of 'Those who come into contact with people in-fected with the COVID-19 virus must be isolated quickly and the quarantine period is applied as 14 days.' correctly. In the questions of our research about behavior; 95.6% of the participants stated that they used masks and 92.7% of them stated that they used disposable masks. The rate of those who see price as an important criterion in choosing a mask was measured as 70.2% and 55.4% stated that they washed their hands frequently. Keywords: COVID-19, Pandemic, Information, Behavior
This research was carried out as a descriptive and cross-sectional study between December 2020 and February 2021 with a total of 792 people aged 18-65 living in Tur-key, in order to evaluate the knowledge level and behaviors of the society about the COVID-19 epidemic. The sample of the study consisted of 792 people who accepted to participate and completed the online survey. The research data were obtained with a da-ta collection forms consisting of 34 questions in total. In the analysis of the data, num-ber-percentage calculations, mean, standard deviation, One Way ANOVA and Linear Regression tests were used. 56.2% of the participants are female, 52.3% of them are between the ages of 21-30, 74.5% of them are university graduates or higher. 67.9% of them are employees, 61.9% have income equal to expenses, 88.5% have social security, 51.5% are married, 34.5% live with their partners and children. In the knowledge test conducted within the scope of the research, 96.5% of the participants gave correct answers to the question of 'The main symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, fatigue and dry cough.' and %96.6 gave correct answers to the question of 'children and young adults need to take precautions to protect themselves from COVID-19.' %98.1 gave answers to question of 'Those who come into contact with people in-fected with the COVID-19 virus must be isolated quickly and the quarantine period is applied as 14 days.' correctly. In the questions of our research about behavior; 95.6% of the participants stated that they used masks and 92.7% of them stated that they used disposable masks. The rate of those who see price as an important criterion in choosing a mask was measured as 70.2% and 55.4% stated that they washed their hands frequently. Keywords: COVID-19, Pandemic, Information, Behavior
Description
Keywords
Halk Sağlığı, Bilgi düzeyi, COVID 19, Public Health, Level of knowledge, Davranış, COVID 19, Pandemiler, Behavior, Pandemics, Türk toplumu, Turkish society