2-6 Aylık Bebeklerde Anne-Bebek Bağlanması İle Annenin Bebeğini Beslemesine Yönelik Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Abstract
Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2–6 aylık bebeklerde anne-bebek bağlanması ile annenin bebeğini beslemesine yönelik tutumları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemleri kapsamında, ilişkisel tarama modeli temel alınarak yapılandırılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu, İstanbul ili Avrupa Yakası'nda bulunan Şişli ilçesindeki özel bir hastanenin pediatri polikliniğine başvuran, 2–6 aylık bebeği olan toplam 109 anne oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak 'Demografik Anne Bilgi Formu' ve 'Bebek Bilgi Formu', anne-bebek bağlanma ilişkisi ve annenin bebeğini besleme tutumlarını etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla 'Doğum Sonrası Bağlanma Ölçeği (DSBÖ)' ile 'Iowa Bebek Beslenmesi Tutum Ölçeği (BBTÖ)' kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, anne-bebek bağlanması ve annenin beslenmeye yönelik tutumları; sosyo-demografik özellikler, gebelik-doğum süreci ve sağlık hizmetlerinden yararlanma açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada yapılan tüm istatistiksel analizler, istatistiksel analiz yazılımı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş ve p<0.05 değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, anne-bebek bağlanma ilişkileri ile annelerin bebek beslenmesine yönelik tutumları arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Bağlanma ilişkisi arttıkça, annelerin beslenmeye yönelik tutumlarının olumlu yönde geliştiği saptanmıştır. Ancak regresyon analizleri, bağlanma ilişkisinin bebek beslenmesine yönelik tutumları anlamlı ve negatif yönde yordadığını ortaya koymuştur. Bu sonuçlar, anne-bebek bağının temel bakım davranışları üzerinde etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırmanın karşılaştırmalı analiz bulgularına göre, annenin eğitim durumu ile anne-bebek bağlanma ilişkisi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığını, ancak eğitim durumunun bebek beslenmesine yönelik tutumları anlamlı şekilde etkilediğini göstermiştir. Annenin çalışma durumu ise bağlanma ilişkisi ve beslenme tutumları üzerinde belirleyici olmamıştır. Geliri giderinden az olan annelerde bağlanma bozukluğu daha yüksek, düşük gelirli annelerde ise beslenme tutumları daha olumsuz bulunmuştur. Çekirdek aile yapısına sahip annelerin, geniş aileye kıyasla daha olumlu bağlanma ilişkisine ve daha yüksek beslenme tutum puanına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, planlı gebelik, gebelik süresince düzenli sağlık takibi ve emzirme eğitimi alan annelerde bağlanma ilişkisi ve beslenme tutumları daha olumlu bulunmuştur. Emzirme eğitimi almayan annelerde reddetme ve sinirlilik düzeyleri yüksek bulunmuştur. Sosyal medyada bebek beslenmesi ile ilgili içerikleri takip etme beslenme tutumlarını olumlu etkilerken, bağlanma ilişkisi üzerinde etkisi olmamıştır. Bebeğin cinsiyeti, emzik kullanımı ve ilk verilen besin; anne-bebek bağlanma ilişkisi ve beslenme tutumlarında fark yaratmamıştır. Erken işe dönen, bebeğiyle ayrı kalan veya kuvözde kalan annelerin bağlanma ilişkisi düşük; bebeğin emme davranışı zayıf, geç emzirmeye başlayan annelerin beslenme tutumları ise olumsuz bulunmuştur. İlk yarım saatte emziren ve kolostrum veren annelerin tutumları daha olumlu bulunmuştur. Beslenme şekline göre, Sadece anne sütüyle besleyen annelerin, formül mama kullananlara göre daha olumlu beslenme tutumlarına sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Ek gıdaya başlamayan annelerin bağlanma ilişkisi puanları düşük, beslenme tutum puanları ise yüksek bulunmuştur. Bulgular, bireysel ve çevresel faktörlerin anne-bebek bağlanma ilişkisi ile beslenme tutumları üzerinde önemli etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırma sonunda, uzmanlar tarafından annelere doğum öncesi ve sonrası psikolojik destek sağlanması ile emzirme eğitimi verilmesi konusunda, sağlıklı anne-bebek ilişkilerinin gelişimi ve optimal bebek beslenme uygulamalarının desteklenmesi açısından öneriler sunulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: anne-bebek bağlanması, beslenme tutumları, bebek beslenmesi, bebeklik dönemi, bağlanma, emzirme Tarih: Ağustos 2025
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between mother-infant attachment and maternal feeding attitudes in infants aged 2 to 6 months. The research was structured within the scope of quantitative research methods, based on the relational survey model. The study group consisted of a total of 109 mothers with infants aged 2 to 6 months who applied to the pediatric outpatient clinic of a private hospital located in the Şişli district on the European side of Istanbul. In this study, the 'Demographic Information Form for Mothers' and the 'Infant Information Form' were used as data collection tools, along with the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) to assess the relationship between mother-infant bonding and maternal feeding attitudes. Mother-infant bonding and maternal attitudes toward feeding were evaluated in relation to socio-demographic characteristics, pregnancy and birth processes, and access to healthcare services. All statistical analyses were conducted using statistical analysis software, and a significance level of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The findings of the study revealed a significant and positive correlation between mother-infant bonding and maternal attitudes toward infant feeding. As the quality of the bonding relationship increased, mothers' attitudes toward feeding were found to become more positive. However, regression analyses indicated that mother-infant bonding significantly predicted feeding attitudes in a negative direction. These results suggest that the mother-infant bond plays an influential role in shaping fundamental caregiving behaviors. According to the comparative analysis findings of the study, no significant relationship was found between the mother's educational level and mother-infant bonding; however, educational level significantly influenced maternal attitudes toward infant feeding. The mother's employment status was not a determining factor for either bonding or feeding attitudes. Among mothers whose expenses exceeded their income, bonding disruptions were more prevalent, and low-income mothers were found to have more negative feeding attitudes. Mothers living in nuclear families exhibited both more positive bonding relationships and higher feeding attitude scores compared to those in extended families. Additionally, planned pregnancies, regular prenatal healthcare follow-up, and receiving breastfeeding educationwere associated with more positive mother-infant bonding and more favorable feeding attitudes. Among mothers who did not receive breastfeeding education, levels of rejection and irritability were found to be high. While following infant feeding-related content on social media had a positive effect on feeding attitudes, it had no effect on the bonding relationship. The infant's gender, pacifier use, and the first food given did not make a difference in mother-infant bonding or feeding attitudes. Mothers who returned to work early, were separated from their infants, or had babies placed in an incubator showed lower levels of bonding. Feeding attitudes were found to be more negative among mothers whose babies had weak sucking behavior and who delayed the initiation of breastfeeding. In contrast, mothers who breastfed within the first thirty minutes and provided colostrum were found to have more positive feeding attitudes. Based on the type of feeding, mothers who exclusively breastfed were found to have more positive feeding attitudes compared to those who used formula. Mothers who had not yet introduced complementary foods showed lower mother-infant bonding scores but higher feeding attitude scores. The findings indicate that individual and environmental factors have a significant impact on both mother-infant bonding and maternal feeding attitudes. At the end of the study, recommendations were made for providing mothers with psychological support both before and after childbirth, as well as breastfeeding education by professionals, in order to promote the development of healthy mother-infant relationships and to support optimal infant feeding practices. Keywords: mother-infant attachment, feeding attitudes, infant nutrition, infancy, bonding, breastfeeding. Date: August 2025
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between mother-infant attachment and maternal feeding attitudes in infants aged 2 to 6 months. The research was structured within the scope of quantitative research methods, based on the relational survey model. The study group consisted of a total of 109 mothers with infants aged 2 to 6 months who applied to the pediatric outpatient clinic of a private hospital located in the Şişli district on the European side of Istanbul. In this study, the 'Demographic Information Form for Mothers' and the 'Infant Information Form' were used as data collection tools, along with the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) to assess the relationship between mother-infant bonding and maternal feeding attitudes. Mother-infant bonding and maternal attitudes toward feeding were evaluated in relation to socio-demographic characteristics, pregnancy and birth processes, and access to healthcare services. All statistical analyses were conducted using statistical analysis software, and a significance level of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The findings of the study revealed a significant and positive correlation between mother-infant bonding and maternal attitudes toward infant feeding. As the quality of the bonding relationship increased, mothers' attitudes toward feeding were found to become more positive. However, regression analyses indicated that mother-infant bonding significantly predicted feeding attitudes in a negative direction. These results suggest that the mother-infant bond plays an influential role in shaping fundamental caregiving behaviors. According to the comparative analysis findings of the study, no significant relationship was found between the mother's educational level and mother-infant bonding; however, educational level significantly influenced maternal attitudes toward infant feeding. The mother's employment status was not a determining factor for either bonding or feeding attitudes. Among mothers whose expenses exceeded their income, bonding disruptions were more prevalent, and low-income mothers were found to have more negative feeding attitudes. Mothers living in nuclear families exhibited both more positive bonding relationships and higher feeding attitude scores compared to those in extended families. Additionally, planned pregnancies, regular prenatal healthcare follow-up, and receiving breastfeeding educationwere associated with more positive mother-infant bonding and more favorable feeding attitudes. Among mothers who did not receive breastfeeding education, levels of rejection and irritability were found to be high. While following infant feeding-related content on social media had a positive effect on feeding attitudes, it had no effect on the bonding relationship. The infant's gender, pacifier use, and the first food given did not make a difference in mother-infant bonding or feeding attitudes. Mothers who returned to work early, were separated from their infants, or had babies placed in an incubator showed lower levels of bonding. Feeding attitudes were found to be more negative among mothers whose babies had weak sucking behavior and who delayed the initiation of breastfeeding. In contrast, mothers who breastfed within the first thirty minutes and provided colostrum were found to have more positive feeding attitudes. Based on the type of feeding, mothers who exclusively breastfed were found to have more positive feeding attitudes compared to those who used formula. Mothers who had not yet introduced complementary foods showed lower mother-infant bonding scores but higher feeding attitude scores. The findings indicate that individual and environmental factors have a significant impact on both mother-infant bonding and maternal feeding attitudes. At the end of the study, recommendations were made for providing mothers with psychological support both before and after childbirth, as well as breastfeeding education by professionals, in order to promote the development of healthy mother-infant relationships and to support optimal infant feeding practices. Keywords: mother-infant attachment, feeding attitudes, infant nutrition, infancy, bonding, breastfeeding. Date: August 2025
Description
Keywords
Eğitim ve Öğretim, Algılanan Anne Duyarlılığı, Anne-Bebek Etkileşimi, Bebek Beslenmesi, Güvenli Bağlanma, Süt Emme Dönemi, Education and Training, Perceived Mother Responsiveness, Mother-Child Effective, Infant Nutrition, Attachment Security, Suckling Period
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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161

