Gestasyonel diyabetli gebelerde meyve tüketim zamanının glikoz regülasyonu üzerine etkisi
Abstract
Gestasyonel diyabet tedavisinin ilk ve en önemli basamağı tıbbı beslenmenin düzenlenmesidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, gestasyonel diyabetli gebelerde meyve tüketim zamanının kan glikoz regülasyonu üzerine etkisinin saptanmasıdır. Araştırma İstanbul'da özel bir hastanenin Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Polikliniğinde gestasyonel diyabet tanısı alan 64 gönüllü katılımcı ile yürütülmüştür. Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümüne yönlendirilen katılımcılar iki gruba ayrılmış olup; Grup 1 ana öğünde, Grup 2 ara öğünde meyve tüketecek şekilde bir hafta süresince tıbbi beslenme tedavi programına alınmıştır. Bu süreçte katılımcılar tarafından günde altı kez kan glikoz değeri ölçümü yapılmış ve her iki grubun tıbbı beslenme tedavisine başlamadan önce ve başladıktan sonra yedinci gün bakılan kan glikoz sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır. Her iki grubuntıbbı beslenme tedavisi öncesi ve sonrası sabah açlık kan glikozu (AKG) değerlerinde anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Grupların kendi içinde tıbbı beslenme tedavisi sonrası sabah tokluk kan glikozu (TKG) ortalamaları Grup 1 için 180 mg/d'den 115 mg/dL'ye (p<0,001), Grup 2 için 185 mg/dL'den 110 mg/dL'ye (p<0,001) düşmüştür. Grupların tıbbı beslenme tedavisinden önce ve sonra sabah, öğle ve akşam ölçülen AKG ve TKG düzeylerinde düşüş olmuş ancak gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Bu araştırmanın sonucunda, gestasyonel diyabetli gebelerde tıbbi beslenme tedavisininin kan glikoz düzeylerlerinin düşmesini sağladığı ancak meyvelerin ara veya ana öğün ile birlikte tüketilmesinin açlık ve tokluk kan glikozu üzerinde anlamlı bir fark yaratmadığı saptanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda gestasyonel diyabette günlük tüketilen karbonhidrat çeşidi ve miktarının kan glikoz düzeyi üzerinde belirleyici olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Gestasyonel Diyabet, Meyve, Fruktoz, Glisemik İndeks, Tıbbi beslenme tedavisi, Diyet
The first and most important step in the treatment of gestational diabetes is the regulation of medical nutrition. This study aims to determine the effect of fruit consumption time on blood glucose regulation in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. The study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic of a private hospital in Istanbul with 64 volunteer participants diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Participants directed to the Nutrition and Dietetics Department were divided into two groups. Both groups were included in a one week medical nutrition therapy program. Group 1 was consuming fruit at the main meal while Group 2 was consuming fruit at snack time. In this process, blood glucose levels of the participants were measured six times a day. On the seventh day, the blood glucose results of both groups before and after starting the diet were compared. There was no significant difference in the pre-diet and post-diet morning fasting blood glucose (FBG) values of both groups (p> 0.05). The post-diet average of postprandial blood glucose (PPG) levels in the morning within each group dropped from 180 mg/d to 115 mg/dL (p <0.001) for Group 1 and from 185 mg/dL to 110 mg/dL for Group 2 (p<0.001). There was a decrease in FBG and PPG levels measured in the morning, afternoon and evening before and after the nutrition therapy, but statistically there was no significant difference between the two groups (p> 0.05). As a result, this study found that medical nutrition therapy in pregnant women with gestational diabetes led to a decrease in blood glucose levels, but consuming fruits as a snack or at the main meal did not make a significant difference on fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. Based on the findings of this research, it was concluded that the type and amount of carbohydrates consumed daily are determinative on blood glucose level in gestational diabetes. Keywords: Gestational Diabetes, Fruit, Fructose, Glysemic İndex, Medical nutrition therapy, Diet
The first and most important step in the treatment of gestational diabetes is the regulation of medical nutrition. This study aims to determine the effect of fruit consumption time on blood glucose regulation in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. The study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic of a private hospital in Istanbul with 64 volunteer participants diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Participants directed to the Nutrition and Dietetics Department were divided into two groups. Both groups were included in a one week medical nutrition therapy program. Group 1 was consuming fruit at the main meal while Group 2 was consuming fruit at snack time. In this process, blood glucose levels of the participants were measured six times a day. On the seventh day, the blood glucose results of both groups before and after starting the diet were compared. There was no significant difference in the pre-diet and post-diet morning fasting blood glucose (FBG) values of both groups (p> 0.05). The post-diet average of postprandial blood glucose (PPG) levels in the morning within each group dropped from 180 mg/d to 115 mg/dL (p <0.001) for Group 1 and from 185 mg/dL to 110 mg/dL for Group 2 (p<0.001). There was a decrease in FBG and PPG levels measured in the morning, afternoon and evening before and after the nutrition therapy, but statistically there was no significant difference between the two groups (p> 0.05). As a result, this study found that medical nutrition therapy in pregnant women with gestational diabetes led to a decrease in blood glucose levels, but consuming fruits as a snack or at the main meal did not make a significant difference on fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. Based on the findings of this research, it was concluded that the type and amount of carbohydrates consumed daily are determinative on blood glucose level in gestational diabetes. Keywords: Gestational Diabetes, Fruit, Fructose, Glysemic İndex, Medical nutrition therapy, Diet
Description
Keywords
Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Beslenme tedavisi, Diabet-gebelik sırasında, Diabetes mellitus, Nutrition and Dietetics, Fruktoz, Nutrition therapy, Diabetes-gestational, Gebelik, Diabetes mellitus, Fructose, Glisemik indeks, Pregnancy, Glükoz, Glycemic index, Glucose, Meyveler, Fruits