Kemoterapi alan hastalara bakım veren aile üyelerinin yaşam kalitesi ve etkileyen faktörler
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2019
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Bu araştırma, kemoterapi tedavisi alan hastalara bakım veren aile üyelerinin yaşam kalitesini belirlenmek amacıyla tanımlayıcı tipte yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın yapıldığı hastanenin verilerine göre 2016-2017 yılları arasında tedavi alan 443 hastanın aile üyeleri araştırmanın evrenini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini araştırma kriterlerine uygun kemoterapi ünitesinde tedavi gören 120 hastanın aile üyesi oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak 'Hasta Yakınlarını Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu'' ve 'Aile-Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği'' kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 21 programı kullanılmıştır. Değerlendirmede Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskall-Wallis testi ve korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin demografik özellikleri incelendiğinde, katılımcıların çoğunluğunun 31-43 ve 44-56 yaş aralığında olduğu, %55.8'nin kadın, %82.5'inin evli, %35'i lise mezunu, %22,9 birbirine eşit iki oran ile emekli ve ev hanımı, %61,7'sinin çalışmadığı, %55'inin hastanın eşleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların aile-yaşam kalitesi ölçeğinin alt boyutlarının puanları, psikolojik ve manevi sağlık durumu yaklaşık 6,6 olarak orta ile iyi arasında, fiziksel sağlık durumu 4,4 ile çok da kötü olmadığı, tanıya yaklaşım durumu 6,8 ile hasta yakınları için endişe verici ve üzücü, destek ve ekonomik etkilenme durumu 5,4 olarak orta düzeyde etkilendikleri tespit edilmiştir. Psikolojik ve manevi sağlık durumu ile fiziksel sağlık durumu ve tanıya yaklaşım durumu arasında negatif yönlü, anlamlı ilişki olduğu, fiziksel sağlık durumu ile tanıya yaklaşım durumu arasında pozitif yönlü, anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Yaş, eğitim, medeni durum, meslek, çocuk sahibi olma değişkenlerinin aile –yaşam kalite düzeylerini etkilemediği belirlenmiştir. Kadın bakım vericilerin yaşam kaliteleri ve tanıya karşı duygusal yaklaşımlarının daha kötü olduğu, çalışan hasta yakınlarının ekonomik olarak daha çok etkilendiği saptanmıştır. Hasta yakınlarının %58'i bakım sürecinde sağlık personellerinden destek almak istediklerini ve %49,2'si bunu telefon yolu ile almak istediğini belirtmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda hemşirelerin bütüncül bakımda aileyi de değerlendirmesi, ailede bakımın paylaştırılması, bakım vericiye destek olunması, hasta yakınlarının bakım sürecinde sağlık profesyonellerinden destek alabilecekleri destek hatları oluşturulması, telefonla destek alınmasının sağlanması ve kanser hastası yakınlarına yönelik benzer çalışmaların farklı kurumlarda yapılması önerilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kanser, Kemoterapi, Hasta yakını, Aile, Bakım verme.
This descriptive study was carried out in order to determine the domestic problems encountered by patients receiving chemotherapy. According to the data of the hospital where the study was conducted, the family members of 443 patients receiving treatment between 2016-2017 constitute the universe of the study. The sample of the study consists of the family members of 120 patients who were treated in the chemotherapy unit of a private hospital. 'Patient Relative Introduction Form' and 'Family-Life Quality Scale' were used as data collection tools. The SPSS 21 software program was used to evaluate the data. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskall-Wallis test and correlation analysis were used in the evaluation. When the demographic characteristics of the participants were examined, it was found that the majority of the participants were aged between 31-43 and 44-56, 55.8% were females, 82.5% were married, 35% were high school graduates, and 22.9% were retired, 22.9% were housewives, 61.7% did not work, and 55% of the participants were determined to be the patients' partners. In terms of the scores of the subscales of the family-life quality scale of the participants, psychological and spiritual health status is between the middle and good levels at about 6.6, the physical health is not very bad with 4.4, the approach to diagnosis is of concerning and depressing nature for the relatives of patients with 6.8 and support and economic impact was at medium level with 5.4. It was found that there was a negatively significant relationship between psychological and mental health status, and physical health status and approach to diagnosis, and that there was a positively significant relationship between physical health and approach to diagnosis. It was also determined that variables such as age, education, marital status, occupation and having children did not affect family-life quality levels. It was further determined that life qualities and emotional approaches, to diagnosis, of female caregivers were worse and working relatives of patients were economically impacted at a greater level. 58% of the relatives of the patients stated that they wanted to get support from the health personnel during the care period and 49.2% said they would like to receive it via telephone conversations. As a result of this study, it is recommended that nurses include the families of their patients in holistic care, tasks of patient care be divided among family members, support be given to the patient's caregiver, to provide support hotlines where the relatives of patients can get support from health care professionals and to provide telephone support for people in this position. It is also suggested to perform similar studies for relatives of cancer patients in different institutions. Keywords: Cancer, Chemotherapy, Patient relatives.
This descriptive study was carried out in order to determine the domestic problems encountered by patients receiving chemotherapy. According to the data of the hospital where the study was conducted, the family members of 443 patients receiving treatment between 2016-2017 constitute the universe of the study. The sample of the study consists of the family members of 120 patients who were treated in the chemotherapy unit of a private hospital. 'Patient Relative Introduction Form' and 'Family-Life Quality Scale' were used as data collection tools. The SPSS 21 software program was used to evaluate the data. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskall-Wallis test and correlation analysis were used in the evaluation. When the demographic characteristics of the participants were examined, it was found that the majority of the participants were aged between 31-43 and 44-56, 55.8% were females, 82.5% were married, 35% were high school graduates, and 22.9% were retired, 22.9% were housewives, 61.7% did not work, and 55% of the participants were determined to be the patients' partners. In terms of the scores of the subscales of the family-life quality scale of the participants, psychological and spiritual health status is between the middle and good levels at about 6.6, the physical health is not very bad with 4.4, the approach to diagnosis is of concerning and depressing nature for the relatives of patients with 6.8 and support and economic impact was at medium level with 5.4. It was found that there was a negatively significant relationship between psychological and mental health status, and physical health status and approach to diagnosis, and that there was a positively significant relationship between physical health and approach to diagnosis. It was also determined that variables such as age, education, marital status, occupation and having children did not affect family-life quality levels. It was further determined that life qualities and emotional approaches, to diagnosis, of female caregivers were worse and working relatives of patients were economically impacted at a greater level. 58% of the relatives of the patients stated that they wanted to get support from the health personnel during the care period and 49.2% said they would like to receive it via telephone conversations. As a result of this study, it is recommended that nurses include the families of their patients in holistic care, tasks of patient care be divided among family members, support be given to the patient's caregiver, to provide support hotlines where the relatives of patients can get support from health care professionals and to provide telephone support for people in this position. It is also suggested to perform similar studies for relatives of cancer patients in different institutions. Keywords: Cancer, Chemotherapy, Patient relatives.
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Hemşirelik, Onkoloji, Aile, Bakım verenler, Nursing, Bakım verme yükü, Oncology, Hasta yakınları, Family, Caregivers, Kanser hastaları, Caregiver burden, Patient nearness, Onkolojik hemşirelik, Cancer patients, Yaşam kalitesi, Oncologic nursing, Quality of life, İlaç kullanımı, Drug utilization
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111