Obez bireylerde antioksidan besinlerle zenginleştirilmiş akdeniz tipi beslenme tedavisinin dislipidemi ve inflamasyon belirteçleri üzerine etkisi
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2022
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Obezite, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) tarafından sağlık için risk oluşturan anormal veya aşırı yağ birikimi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Akdeniz diyet müdahalelerinin obezite ve kronik hastalıkların terapötik yaklaşımlarında getirdiği faydalar bilinmektedir. Bu diyet modeli içerdiği çeşitli fitokimyasallar sayesinde sağlığın korunması ve hastalıkların tedavi edilmesinde önemli etkendir. Akdeniz diyetinin ayrılmaz bir parçası olan kuru meyvelerin tüketiminin, besinlerde bulunan polifenollerin antioksidan ve anti-inflamatuvar moleküller olarak merkezi bir rol oynadığı bilinmektedir. Bu tez çalışmasının amacı, obez bireylerde kuru meyvelerle zenginleştirilmiş Akdeniz tipi diyet tedavisinin dislipidemi ve inflamasyon belirteçleri üzerine etkisini saptamaktır. Çalışma, 03/02/2020-01/01/2022 tarihleri arasında Kocaeli Gebze ilçesi sınırlarında yer alan BİL&MED Sağlıklı Yaşam ve Diyet Merkezi'ne başvuran, insülin direnci ve dislipidemi tanısı almış ve 2 ay boyunca araştırmacı diyetisyen takibinde olan 17'si Grup 1, 17'si Grup 2 olmak üzere BKİ'si 30,0-39,9 kg/m2 aralığında olan toplam 34 obez hasta ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Grup 1 ve Grup 2'de bulunan bireylere diyetisyen tarafından düzenlenen geleneksel Akdeniz diyeti; Grup 1 grubu için ise verilen geleneksel Akdeniz Tipi diyetine ilave 30 gr/gün kuru meyve karışımı eklenmiştir. Böylece kuru meyvelerle zenginleştirilmiş Akdeniz diyeti sağlanarak diyetin antioksidan kapasitesinin yükseltilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Analizler sonucu, diyet müdahalesi sonrasında her iki grupta da kendi içerisinde uygulanan Akdeniz tipi diyetle bireylerin vücut ağırlığı, BKİ, açlık kan şekeri, açlık insülin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR ortalama değerlerinde diyet müdahalesi öncesine göre düşüş anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Grup 1 ve Grup 2'nin kendi içerisinde diyet müdahaleleri sonrası LDL-K, TG, CRP ve PLT düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir düşüş saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Diyet müdahalesi sonrası oksidatif stres parametresi malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyi ile LDL-K düzeyi arasında pozitif yönlü, iyi düzeyde (%62,0) ve anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p=0,018; p<0,05). Zenginleştirilmiş Akdeniz diyet müdahalesi uygulanan grubun MDA düzeyleri, Grup 2'den istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşük bulunmuştur (p=0,048; p<0,05). Zenginleştirilmiş Akdeniz diyet müdahalesi uygulanan grubun antioksidan parametresi olan Katalaz düzeyi, Grup 2 ile kıyaslandığında anlamlı düzeyde yüksek sonuç vermiştir (p=0.007; p<0,05). Sonuçlar, zenginleştirilmiş ve geleneksel Akdeniz diyetinin obezite ve dislipidemi tanısı alan bireylerde beslenme stratejisi olarak kullanılabileceğini işaret etmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Zenginleştirilmiş Akdeniz diyeti, inflamatuvar belirteç, dislipidemi, obezite
Obesity is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that poses a health risk. The benefits of Mediterranean dietary interventions in therapeutic approaches to obesity and chronic diseases are known. This diet model is an important factor in maintaining health and treating diseases, thanks to the various phytochemicals it contains. Consumption of dried fruits, which are an integral part of the Mediterranean diet, is known to play a central role in the polyphenols found in foods as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules. This study aims to determine the effect of Mediterranean-type diet therapy enriched with dried fruits on dyslipidemia and inflammation markers in obese individuals. The study was conducted in Group 1, 17 of whom were diagnosed with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, who applied to BİL&MED Healthy Life and Diet Center located in Kocaeli Gebze district between 03/02/2020-01/01/2022 and were followed by a research dietitian for 2 months. was carried out with 34 obese patients, 17 of whom were in Group 2, with a BMI in the range of 30.0-39.9 kg/m2. The traditional Mediterranean diet was arranged by a dietitian for the individuals in Group 1 and Group 2; For Group 1, an additional 30 g/day dried fruit mixture was added to the traditional Mediterranean diet. Thus, it was aimed to increase the antioxidant capacity of the diet by providing a Mediterranean diet enriched with dried fruits. As a result of the analysis, a significant decrease was found in the mean values of body weight, BMI, fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR in both groups after the dietary intervention compared to the pre-intervention (p<0.05). A statistically significant decrease was found in LDL-C, TG, CRP, and PLT levels in Group 1 and Group 2 after dietary interventions (p<0.05). A positive, good (62.0%) and significant correlation was found between oxidative stress parameter malondialdehyde (MDA) level and LDL-C level after dietary intervention (p=0.018; p<0.05). The MDA levels of the enriched Mediterranean diet intervention group were found to be statistically significantly lower than Group 2 (p=0.048; p<0.05). Catalase level, the antioxidant parameter of the enriched Mediterranean diet intervention group, was significantly higher when compared to Group 2 (p=0.007; p<0.05). The results indicate that the enriched and traditional Mediterranean diet can be used as a nutritional strategy in individuals diagnosed with obesity and dyslipidemia. Keywords: Enriched Mediterranean diet, an inflammatory marker, dyslipidemia, obesity
Obesity is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that poses a health risk. The benefits of Mediterranean dietary interventions in therapeutic approaches to obesity and chronic diseases are known. This diet model is an important factor in maintaining health and treating diseases, thanks to the various phytochemicals it contains. Consumption of dried fruits, which are an integral part of the Mediterranean diet, is known to play a central role in the polyphenols found in foods as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules. This study aims to determine the effect of Mediterranean-type diet therapy enriched with dried fruits on dyslipidemia and inflammation markers in obese individuals. The study was conducted in Group 1, 17 of whom were diagnosed with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, who applied to BİL&MED Healthy Life and Diet Center located in Kocaeli Gebze district between 03/02/2020-01/01/2022 and were followed by a research dietitian for 2 months. was carried out with 34 obese patients, 17 of whom were in Group 2, with a BMI in the range of 30.0-39.9 kg/m2. The traditional Mediterranean diet was arranged by a dietitian for the individuals in Group 1 and Group 2; For Group 1, an additional 30 g/day dried fruit mixture was added to the traditional Mediterranean diet. Thus, it was aimed to increase the antioxidant capacity of the diet by providing a Mediterranean diet enriched with dried fruits. As a result of the analysis, a significant decrease was found in the mean values of body weight, BMI, fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR in both groups after the dietary intervention compared to the pre-intervention (p<0.05). A statistically significant decrease was found in LDL-C, TG, CRP, and PLT levels in Group 1 and Group 2 after dietary interventions (p<0.05). A positive, good (62.0%) and significant correlation was found between oxidative stress parameter malondialdehyde (MDA) level and LDL-C level after dietary intervention (p=0.018; p<0.05). The MDA levels of the enriched Mediterranean diet intervention group were found to be statistically significantly lower than Group 2 (p=0.048; p<0.05). Catalase level, the antioxidant parameter of the enriched Mediterranean diet intervention group, was significantly higher when compared to Group 2 (p=0.007; p<0.05). The results indicate that the enriched and traditional Mediterranean diet can be used as a nutritional strategy in individuals diagnosed with obesity and dyslipidemia. Keywords: Enriched Mediterranean diet, an inflammatory marker, dyslipidemia, obesity
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Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Akdeniz diyeti, Antioksidanlar, Nutrition and Dietetics, Dislipidemi, Mediterranean diet, Antioxidants, Obezite, Dyslipidemia, İnflamasyon, Obesity, Inflammation, İnflamatuar belirteçler, Inflammatory markers
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134