Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda kaygı düzeyi ile yeme davranışı ilişkisinin incelenmesi
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2023
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Bu araştırmanın amacı Tip 2 diyabetli hastaların kaygı düzeyi ile yeme davranışı ilişkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 400 Tip 2 diyabetli hasta dahil edilmiştir. Veriler Hasta Bilgi Formu, Durumluk ve Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri, Yeme Davranışı Modeli Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 24.0 versiyon istatistik programı yardımıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 60,64±9,87 (Min=3; Mak=89; Medyan=62) olarak bulunmuş olup, %51'i erkek, %81,2'si evli, %51,5'i ilkokul mezunudur. Hastalara ortalama 130,23±101,41 ay (Min=1; Mak=540; Medyan=120) önce diyabet tanısı konmuştur. Hastaların %86,3'ünün DM dışında kronik hastalığı olduğu, %42'sinin düzenli insülin kullandığı, %80,8'inin düzenli OAD kullandığı belirlendi. Hastaların %25,7'si diyabet hakkında bilgi sahibidir. Hastaların BKİ ortalaması 30,22±5,41 kg/m2 (Min=18; Mak=50,2; Medyan=29,4) olup, %39'u fazla kilolu (25-29,9 arasında), %28'i hafif obez (30-34,9 arasında) bulunmuştur. HbA1C düzeyleri ise ortalama %8,66±1,74 (Min=5,4; Mak=16,2; Medyan=8,3) bulunmuştur. Hastaların %92,5'inin (n=370) HbA1C düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hastalarda Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 44,29±10,71 (Min=20; Mak=77; Medyan=42), Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 45,10±9,36 (Min=23; Mak=73; Medyan=43) olarak bulunmuştur. Yeme Davranışı Modeli Ölçeği alt boyut puan ortalamaları sırasıyla; Az yağlı yeme 2,76±0,83, Sağlıklı yeme 3,00±0,70, Dışarıda yeme 2,62±0,99, Atıştırmalık tüketme 3,35±1,08, Tatlı ve bisküvi yeme 2,48±0,95, Duygusal yeme 3,32±1,22, Planlı gitme/davranış 2,76±0,81, Öğün atlama 2,85±0,58, Kültürel yaşam tarzı/davranışı 2,89±0,85 olarak bulunmuştur. Hastaların mesleklerine göre DSKÖ Durumluk kaygı alt boyut puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu saptanmıştır (p=0,003). Hastaların BKİ gruplarına göre YDMÖ Atıştırmalık tüketme alt boyut puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu saptanmıştır (p=0,005). Hastaların BKİ gruplarına göre YDMÖ Duygusal yeme alt boyut puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu saptanmıştır (p=0,002). Hastaların açlık kan şekeri değerleri ile YDMÖ Dışarıda yeme (r=0,123, p=0,014), Atıştırmalık tüketme (r=0,168, p=0,001), Tatlı ve bisküvi yeme (r=0,125, p=0,012), Duygusal yeme (r=0,119, p=0,017) ve Kültürel yaşam tarzı/davranışı (r=0,163, p=0,001) alt boyut puanları arasında pozitif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Genel olarak hastalarda YDMÖ ve alt boyut puanlarının orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak tüm diyabetli bireylerin diyabet eğitimi alması ve diyabet okullarına katılmasının sağlanması, bilgilerinin düzenli aralıklarla güncellenmesi; kaygı düzeylerinin düzenli olarak değerlendirilmesi ve azaltıcı önlemlerin alınması, gerektiğinde uzman yardımına yönlendirilmesi; diyabet ve obeziteyle ilgili reklam ve panolarla toplumda farkındalık oluşturulması; yeni ve motivasyon arttıcı eğitim yöntemlerinin denenmesi önerilir.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between anxiety level and eating behavior in patients with Type 2 Diabetes. 400 patients with Type 2 diabetes were included in the study. Data were collected with the Patient Information Form, the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Eating Behavior Patterns Questionnaire (EB-PQ). The data were analysed with SPSS version 24.0. The mean age of the patients was found to be 60.64±9.87 years (Min=3; Max=89; Median=62), 51% male, 81.2% married and 51.5% were primary school graduates. The patients were diagnosed with diabetes 130.23±101.41 months ago (Min=1; Max=540; Median=120). It was determined that 86.3% of the patients had additional chronic diseases, 42% used insulin regularly, and 80.8% used oral hypogycemic medication regularly. 25.7% of the patients have knowledge about diabetes. The mean BMI of the patients was 30.22±5.41 kg/m2 (Min=18; Max=50.2; Median=29.4). 39% of the patients were overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2) and 28% were slightly obese (30-34.9 kg/m2). The mean HbA1C levels were 8.66±1.74% (Min=5.4; Max=16.2; Median=8.3). It was determined that 92.5% (n=370) of the patients had high HbA1C levels. The total mean score of the State Anxiety Scale was 44.29±10.71 (Min=20; Max=77; Median=42), and the total mean score of the Trait Anxiety Scale was 45.10±9.36 (Min=23; Max=73; Median=43). Eating attitude scale sub-dimension mean scores, respectively; Eating low fat 2.76±0.83, Eating healthy 3.00±0.70, Eating out 2.62±0.99, Consuming snacks 3.35±1.08, Eating sweets and biscuits 2.48±0.95, Emotional eating 3.32±1.22, Planned going/behavior 2.76±0.81, Skipping meals 2.85±0.58, Cultural lifestyle/behavior 2.89±0.85. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of STAI State anxiety sub-dimension scores according to the occupations of the patients (p=0.003). It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the BMI groups of the patients in terms of the EB-PQ Consumption of snacks sub-dimension scores (p=0.005). It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in terms of Emotional eating sub-dimension scores of the patients according to the BMI groups (p=0.002). Fasting blood glucose values of the patients with EB-PQ Eating out (r=0.123, p=0.014), Eating snacks (r=0.168, p=0.001), Eating sweets and biscuits (r=0.125, p=0.012), Emotional eating (r= There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the sub-dimension scores of 0.119, p=0.017) and Cultural lifestyle/behavior (r=0.163, p=0.001). In general, it was seen that the EB-PQ and sub-dimension scores of the patients are at average levels. As a result, ensuring that all individuals with diabetes receive diabetes education and attend diabetes schools, and that their information is regularly updated; regular evaluation of anxiety levels and taking mitigation measures, referral to specialist help when necessary; raising awareness in society with advertisements and boards about diabetes and obesity; and it is recommended to study new and motivation-enhancing training methods.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between anxiety level and eating behavior in patients with Type 2 Diabetes. 400 patients with Type 2 diabetes were included in the study. Data were collected with the Patient Information Form, the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Eating Behavior Patterns Questionnaire (EB-PQ). The data were analysed with SPSS version 24.0. The mean age of the patients was found to be 60.64±9.87 years (Min=3; Max=89; Median=62), 51% male, 81.2% married and 51.5% were primary school graduates. The patients were diagnosed with diabetes 130.23±101.41 months ago (Min=1; Max=540; Median=120). It was determined that 86.3% of the patients had additional chronic diseases, 42% used insulin regularly, and 80.8% used oral hypogycemic medication regularly. 25.7% of the patients have knowledge about diabetes. The mean BMI of the patients was 30.22±5.41 kg/m2 (Min=18; Max=50.2; Median=29.4). 39% of the patients were overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2) and 28% were slightly obese (30-34.9 kg/m2). The mean HbA1C levels were 8.66±1.74% (Min=5.4; Max=16.2; Median=8.3). It was determined that 92.5% (n=370) of the patients had high HbA1C levels. The total mean score of the State Anxiety Scale was 44.29±10.71 (Min=20; Max=77; Median=42), and the total mean score of the Trait Anxiety Scale was 45.10±9.36 (Min=23; Max=73; Median=43). Eating attitude scale sub-dimension mean scores, respectively; Eating low fat 2.76±0.83, Eating healthy 3.00±0.70, Eating out 2.62±0.99, Consuming snacks 3.35±1.08, Eating sweets and biscuits 2.48±0.95, Emotional eating 3.32±1.22, Planned going/behavior 2.76±0.81, Skipping meals 2.85±0.58, Cultural lifestyle/behavior 2.89±0.85. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of STAI State anxiety sub-dimension scores according to the occupations of the patients (p=0.003). It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the BMI groups of the patients in terms of the EB-PQ Consumption of snacks sub-dimension scores (p=0.005). It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in terms of Emotional eating sub-dimension scores of the patients according to the BMI groups (p=0.002). Fasting blood glucose values of the patients with EB-PQ Eating out (r=0.123, p=0.014), Eating snacks (r=0.168, p=0.001), Eating sweets and biscuits (r=0.125, p=0.012), Emotional eating (r= There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the sub-dimension scores of 0.119, p=0.017) and Cultural lifestyle/behavior (r=0.163, p=0.001). In general, it was seen that the EB-PQ and sub-dimension scores of the patients are at average levels. As a result, ensuring that all individuals with diabetes receive diabetes education and attend diabetes schools, and that their information is regularly updated; regular evaluation of anxiety levels and taking mitigation measures, referral to specialist help when necessary; raising awareness in society with advertisements and boards about diabetes and obesity; and it is recommended to study new and motivation-enhancing training methods.
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Hemşirelik, Nursing
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