Spor salonuna giden bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarının belirlenmesi ve ortoreksiya nervoza sıklığının saptanması
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2023
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Son yıllarda sağlıklı beslenme takıntısı Ortoreksiya Nervoza (ON)'nın görülme sıklığında önemli bir artış olup, risk gruplarından biri de spor yapan bireylerdir. Bu çalışmada spor yapan bireylerin ortoreksiya nervozaya ait yeme tutum ve davranışları araştırılarak, ortoreksiya nervoza gelişmesi ve ortorektik davranışların önlenmesi doğrultusunda literatüre katkı sağlamak ve bireylerin bu konuda bilinçlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Ekim 2021 – Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında Kocaeli'nin Gebze ilçesi Hacı Halil Mahallesinde faaliyet gösteren spor merkezlerine üye olan 18 yaş ve üstü, 42'si (%33,6) erkek, 83'ü (%66,4) kadın toplam 125 gönüllü birey üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılara yüz yüz görüşme tekniğiyle uygulanan anket formu 'Genel Bilgiler, Ortoreksiya Nervoza Değerlendirme Ölçeği (ORTO-11), Ölçeği, Yeme Tutum Testi (YTT-40), 24 Saatlik Besin Tüketim Kaydı, Besin Tüketim Sıklığı Formu ve Fiziksel Aktivite Formu' olmak üzere 6 bölümden oluşmaktadır. Antropometrik ölçümler araştırmacı tarafından alınıp kaydedilmiştir. Katılımcıların ölçeklerden aldıkları ortalama puanlar, ORTO-11 26,93±4,32; YTT-40 16,74±8,31 ve PAL 1,58±0,09 olarak bulunmuştur. Yeme bozukluğuna yatkınlık oranı %6,4 (n:8)'dir. Kadınların ortorektik eğilimi ve yeme bozukluğuna yatkınlıkları daha fazla iken; erkeklerin PAL değerleri daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Spor salonuna devam etme süresi uzun olan, düzeni ara öğün yapan ve düşük enerjili besinler ile beslenmeyi tercih eden katılımcıların ortorektik eğilimi ve yeme bozukluğuna yatkınlıkları istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı biçimde daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05). Sağlıklı yaşam için spor yapan ve Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ) sınıflamasına göre normal kiloda olan bireyler daha fazla ortorektik eğilim göstermekle birlikte (p<0,05), psikolojik durumun beslenmesini etkilediğini ifade eden katılımcıların yeme bozukluğuna daha yatkın olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, spor salonuna giden kadın bireylerde ortorektik eğilim ve yeme bozukluğuna yatkınlığın daha fazla olduğu; spor salonuna devam etme süresi fazla olan ve sağlıklı yaşam için spor yapan, düzenli ara öğün tüketen, sağlıklı ve düşük enerjili besinleri tercih eden, psikolojik durumunun beslenmesini etkilediğini ifade eden ve vücut ağırlığı normal olan katılımcılarda ortorektik eğilimin arttığı görülmüştür. Ortorektik eğilim arttıkça yeme bozukluğuna yatkınlığın arttığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: ortoreksiya nervoza, yeme tutumu, egzersiz, spor yapan bireyler, beslenme
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of Orthorexia Nervosa (ON), a healthy eating obsession, and one of the risk groups is individuals who do sports. In this study, it was aimed to contribute to the literature and to raise awareness of individuals on this issue by investigating the eating attitudes and behaviors of orthorexia nervosa of individuals who do sports, in line with the development of orthorexia nervosa and the prevention of orthorexic behaviors. The study was conducted between October 2021 and April 2022, with a total of 42 (33.6%) men and 83 (66.4%) women aged 18 and over who were members of sports centers operating in Kocaeli's Gebze district, Hacı Halil District. It was conducted on 125 volunteers. The questionnaire form applied to the participants by face-to-face interview technique was composed of 'General Information, Orthorexia Nervosa Assessment Scale (ORTO-11), Scale, Eating Attitude Test (YTT-40), 24-Hour Food Consumption Record, Food Consumption Frequency Form and Physical Activity Form'. It consists of 6 sections. Anthropometric measurements were taken and recorded by the researcher. The mean scores of the participants from the scales were ORTO-11 26.93±4.32; YTT-40 was 16.74±8.31 and PAL was 1.58±0.09. The rate of susceptibility to eating disorders is 6.4% (n:8). While women are more prone to orthorexic tendencies and eating disorders; men's PAL values were found to be higher (p<0,05). Orthorexic tendency and susceptibility to eating disorders were found to be statistically significantly higher in the participants who had a long time to attend the gym, regularly had snacks and preferred to be fed with low-energy foods (p<0,05). Although individuals who do sports for a healthy life and have normal weight according to the Body Mass Index (BMI) classification show more orthorexic tendency (p<0,05), participants who state that their psychological state affects their nutrition are more prone to eating disorders (p<0,05). As a result, orthorexic tendency and predisposition to eating disorders are higher in female individuals who go to the gym; It has been observed that orthorexic tendency is increased in participants who have a long time to attend the gym, do sports for a healthy life, consume regular snacks, prefer healthy and low-energy foods, express that their psychological state affects their nutrition, and have a normal body weight. It was concluded that as orthorexic tendency increases, susceptibility to eating disorder increases. Keywords: orthorexia nervosa, eating attitude, exercise, individuals doing sports, nutrition
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of Orthorexia Nervosa (ON), a healthy eating obsession, and one of the risk groups is individuals who do sports. In this study, it was aimed to contribute to the literature and to raise awareness of individuals on this issue by investigating the eating attitudes and behaviors of orthorexia nervosa of individuals who do sports, in line with the development of orthorexia nervosa and the prevention of orthorexic behaviors. The study was conducted between October 2021 and April 2022, with a total of 42 (33.6%) men and 83 (66.4%) women aged 18 and over who were members of sports centers operating in Kocaeli's Gebze district, Hacı Halil District. It was conducted on 125 volunteers. The questionnaire form applied to the participants by face-to-face interview technique was composed of 'General Information, Orthorexia Nervosa Assessment Scale (ORTO-11), Scale, Eating Attitude Test (YTT-40), 24-Hour Food Consumption Record, Food Consumption Frequency Form and Physical Activity Form'. It consists of 6 sections. Anthropometric measurements were taken and recorded by the researcher. The mean scores of the participants from the scales were ORTO-11 26.93±4.32; YTT-40 was 16.74±8.31 and PAL was 1.58±0.09. The rate of susceptibility to eating disorders is 6.4% (n:8). While women are more prone to orthorexic tendencies and eating disorders; men's PAL values were found to be higher (p<0,05). Orthorexic tendency and susceptibility to eating disorders were found to be statistically significantly higher in the participants who had a long time to attend the gym, regularly had snacks and preferred to be fed with low-energy foods (p<0,05). Although individuals who do sports for a healthy life and have normal weight according to the Body Mass Index (BMI) classification show more orthorexic tendency (p<0,05), participants who state that their psychological state affects their nutrition are more prone to eating disorders (p<0,05). As a result, orthorexic tendency and predisposition to eating disorders are higher in female individuals who go to the gym; It has been observed that orthorexic tendency is increased in participants who have a long time to attend the gym, do sports for a healthy life, consume regular snacks, prefer healthy and low-energy foods, express that their psychological state affects their nutrition, and have a normal body weight. It was concluded that as orthorexic tendency increases, susceptibility to eating disorder increases. Keywords: orthorexia nervosa, eating attitude, exercise, individuals doing sports, nutrition
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Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Nutrition and Dietetics