Lise müdürleri ve öğretmenlerinin eğitimde yapay zekâ kullanılmasına ilişkin görüşleri
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2023
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Open Access Color
OpenAIRE Downloads
OpenAIRE Views
Abstract
Bu araştırmanın amacı, resmi liselerde görev yapan öğretmenlerin eğitimde yapay zekâ kullanımına ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışma, 'Lise okul müdürleri ve öğretmenlerin Eğitimde Yapay Zekâya İlişkin Görüşlerini' incelemeye yönelik nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin bir arada kullanıldığı karma yöntem araştırması olarak tasarlanmıştır ve araştırmada açımlayıcı sıralı desen tercih edilmiştir. Bu desende ilk aşamada nicel yöntemle toplanan veriler çözümlenir, ikinci aşamada ise nitel yöntemle toplanan veriler ile desteklenerek açıklanır (Creswell, 2003). Bu desenin genel amacı, nitel veriler ile nicel verilerin arasındaki ilişkileri açıklamaktır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunda, araştırmanın amacına uygun olarak okul müdürlerinin ve öğretmenlerin 'eğitimde yapay zeka kullanımına ilişkin görüşlerini' incelemek için genel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi İstanbul, Anadolu yakasında 7 ilçedeki liselerde görev yapan toplamda 503 okul müdürü ve öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Nicel veriler, okul müdürleri ve öğretmenlerin görüşlerini belirlemek için araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen 'Eğitimde Yapay Zekâ Görüş Ölçeği' ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırma neticesinde ölçeklerden toplanan verilerin tümü, SPSS 21 paket programı ile çözümlenmiştir. Nitel boyutta ise, nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Olgubilim deseni farkında olduğumuz, ancak derinlemesine ve ayrıntılı bir anlayışa sahip olmadığımız olgulara odaklanmaktadır. Bize tümüyle yabancı olmayan, aynı zamanda da tam anlamını kavrayamadığımız olguları araştırmayı amaçlayan çalışmalar için olgubilim uygun bir araştırma zemini oluşturur (Yıldırım ve Şimşek, 2008). Nitel boyut kapsamında yapılan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler, 7 okul müdürü ve 7 öğretmen ile gerçekleştirilmiş ve MAXQDA 22-Hiyerarşik Kod-Alt Kod Modeli kullanılarak metin analizleri yapılmış, 'Görsel Araçlar' ile haritalandırılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda beş ana tema ve 25 alt tema elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın nicel bulguları incelendiğinde, okul müdürleri ve öğretmenler yapay zekâ kavramını sıklıkla yüksek seviye teknoloji olarak tanımladıkları sonucuna varılmıştır. Ancak, yapılan görüşmelerde elde edilen veriler, yüksek seviye teknolojiden kasıtlarının insan benzeri robotlar olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma sonucuna göre, okul müdürleri ve öğretmenlerin yapay zekâ kavramını tanımlamaları ile cinsiyet, okul türü ve eğitim düzeyi değişkenleri arasında istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bir ilişkiye rastlanmazken, görev, yaş ve kıdem değişkenleri alt boyutlarında anlamlı ilişkiye rastlanmıştır. Yapay zekânın faydaları boyutunda elde edilen sonuçlar okul müdürleri öğretmenlerin yapay zekayı faydalı buldukları yönündedir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, yapay zekânın faydalı olduğu görüşü yaş, kıdem değişkenleri ile anlamlı bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılırken, cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi, okul türü değişkenleri ile anlamlı bir ilişkiye rastlanmamıştır. Okul müdürü ve öğretmenlerin yapay zekânın zararlarına ilişkin görüşleri incelendiğinde, yapay zekânın duygu yoksunu bir eğitim ortamına sebep olabileceği ve eğitimde etik boşluk yaratabileceği görüşünde olduklarını ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca bulgular sonucunda cinsiyet, görev, okul türü değişkenleri ile yapay zekânın zararları boyutu arasında farklılığa rastlanmamıştır. Ancak, yaş, eğitim düzeyi ve kıdem değişkenleri ile ilişkiye rastlanmıştır. Nitel boyutta elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda ise beş ana tema elde edilmiştir. Bunlar: yapay zekânın anlamı, yapay zekanın kişide uyandırdığı duygular, yapay zekanın gerekliliği, yapay zekanın faydaları ve yapay zekanın mesleki riskleridir
The purpose of this research is to determine the opinions of teachers working in public high schools in terms of the use of artificial intelligence in education. This study was designed as a mixed method research in which qualitative and quantitative research methods will be used together to examine 'High School Principals and Teachers' Views On Artificial Intelligence In Education' and an explanatory sequential design was preferred. In this design, the data collected by the quantitative method is analyzed in the first stage, and explained by supporting the data collected by the qualitative method in the second stage (Creswell, 2003). The general purpose of this design is to explain the relationships between qualitative and quantitative data. In the quantitative aspect of the study, a general survey model was used to examine the 'opinions of the use of artificial intelligence in education' of school principals and teachers in accordance with the purpose of the research. The sample of the research consists of 503 school principals and teachers working in high schools in 7 districts on the Anatolian side of Istanbul. The data obtained within the scope of the research were used to determine the opinions of school principals and teachers, using the 'Artificial Intelligence in Education Scale' developed by the researcher. As a result of the research, all of the data collected from the scales were analyzed with the SPSS 21 package program. In the qualitative dimension, the phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used. The phenomenology pattern focuses on phenomena that we are aware of but do not have an in-depth and detailed understanding regarging the phenomena constitutes a suitable research ground for studies that aim to investigate facts that are not completely foreign to us and that we cannot fully comprehend (Yıldırım & Şimşek, 2008). Semi-structured interviews within the scope of the qualitative dimension were conducted with 7 school principals and 7 teachers, and text analyzes were made using the MAXQDA 22-Hierarchical Code-Sub-Code Model and mapped with 'Visual Tools'. As a result, five main themes and 25 sub-themes were obtained. When the quantitative findings of the study were examined, it was concluded that school principals and teachers often defined the concept of artificial intelligence as high-level technology. However, the data obtained during the interviews revealed that what they meant by technology are human-like robots. According to the results of the research, while no significant relationship was found between school principals and teachers' definitions of the concept of artificial intelligence and the variables of gender, school type and education level, a significant relationship was found in the sub-dimensions of the variables of duty, age and seniority. The results obtained in the dimension of the benefits of artificial intelligence indicated that school principals and teachers find artificial intelligence useful. According to the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the opinion that artificial intelligence was beneficial had a significant relationship with the variables of age and seniority, while no significant relationship was found with the variables of gender, education level, school type. When the opinions of school principals and teachers about the harms of artificial intelligence were examined, it was revealed that they thought that artificial intelligence could cause an emotionless educational environment and create an ethical gap in education. In addition, as a result of the findings, no relationship was found between the variables of gender, duty, school type and the harms of artificial intelligence. However, a relationship was found with the variables of age, education level and seniority. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained in the qualitative dimension, five main themes were obtained. These are the meaning of artificial intelligence, the emotions that artificial intelligence arouses in the person, the necessity of artificial intelligence, the benefits of artificial intelligence and the occupational risks of artificial intelligence.
The purpose of this research is to determine the opinions of teachers working in public high schools in terms of the use of artificial intelligence in education. This study was designed as a mixed method research in which qualitative and quantitative research methods will be used together to examine 'High School Principals and Teachers' Views On Artificial Intelligence In Education' and an explanatory sequential design was preferred. In this design, the data collected by the quantitative method is analyzed in the first stage, and explained by supporting the data collected by the qualitative method in the second stage (Creswell, 2003). The general purpose of this design is to explain the relationships between qualitative and quantitative data. In the quantitative aspect of the study, a general survey model was used to examine the 'opinions of the use of artificial intelligence in education' of school principals and teachers in accordance with the purpose of the research. The sample of the research consists of 503 school principals and teachers working in high schools in 7 districts on the Anatolian side of Istanbul. The data obtained within the scope of the research were used to determine the opinions of school principals and teachers, using the 'Artificial Intelligence in Education Scale' developed by the researcher. As a result of the research, all of the data collected from the scales were analyzed with the SPSS 21 package program. In the qualitative dimension, the phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used. The phenomenology pattern focuses on phenomena that we are aware of but do not have an in-depth and detailed understanding regarging the phenomena constitutes a suitable research ground for studies that aim to investigate facts that are not completely foreign to us and that we cannot fully comprehend (Yıldırım & Şimşek, 2008). Semi-structured interviews within the scope of the qualitative dimension were conducted with 7 school principals and 7 teachers, and text analyzes were made using the MAXQDA 22-Hierarchical Code-Sub-Code Model and mapped with 'Visual Tools'. As a result, five main themes and 25 sub-themes were obtained. When the quantitative findings of the study were examined, it was concluded that school principals and teachers often defined the concept of artificial intelligence as high-level technology. However, the data obtained during the interviews revealed that what they meant by technology are human-like robots. According to the results of the research, while no significant relationship was found between school principals and teachers' definitions of the concept of artificial intelligence and the variables of gender, school type and education level, a significant relationship was found in the sub-dimensions of the variables of duty, age and seniority. The results obtained in the dimension of the benefits of artificial intelligence indicated that school principals and teachers find artificial intelligence useful. According to the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the opinion that artificial intelligence was beneficial had a significant relationship with the variables of age and seniority, while no significant relationship was found with the variables of gender, education level, school type. When the opinions of school principals and teachers about the harms of artificial intelligence were examined, it was revealed that they thought that artificial intelligence could cause an emotionless educational environment and create an ethical gap in education. In addition, as a result of the findings, no relationship was found between the variables of gender, duty, school type and the harms of artificial intelligence. However, a relationship was found with the variables of age, education level and seniority. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained in the qualitative dimension, five main themes were obtained. These are the meaning of artificial intelligence, the emotions that artificial intelligence arouses in the person, the necessity of artificial intelligence, the benefits of artificial intelligence and the occupational risks of artificial intelligence.
Description
Keywords
Eğitim ve Öğretim, Education and Training
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
141