Yetişkin bireylerde akdeniz diyetine uyumun koroner kalp hastalığı riks faktörleri üzerindeki etkisi
Abstract
Koroner hastalıkların prevalansı yıllar geçtikçe artış göstermekte ve bu hastalığın tedavisi için Akdeniz diyetinin olumlu etkileri olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bu araştırmada, yetişkin bireylerde Akdeniz diyetine uyumun, beslenme durumu ve koroner kalp hastalığı risk faktörleri üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu araştırma 2021 Kasım- 2022 Ocak tarihleri arasında, İstanbul ilinde bulunan özel bir Beslenme ve Diyet Danışmanlığı Merkezi' ne tıbbi beslenme tedavisi veya vücut ağırlığı kontrolü için başvuran, 117 (E: %26,5, K: %73,5) yetişkin bireyin katılımıyla yürütülmüştür. Literatür derlenerek hazırlanan katılımcı bilgi formu soruları, katılımcılara yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak yöneltilmiştir. Ek olarak Akdeniz Diyeti Uyum Ölçeği (MEDAS) ve Framingham Risk Skoru (FRS) soruları da yönetilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin yaş ortalaması 36,9±9,10 yıl, MEDAS toplam puan ortalaması 7,5±2,42, FRS ortalaması 1,6±3,16 puan olarak belirlenmiştir. Bireylerin %36,8'i hafif şişman, %24,7'si obez olarak saptanmıştır. MEDAS puanı kötü, orta ve iyi olan bireylerin oranı sırasıyla; %35,9, %27,3 ve %36,8 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bireylerin Akdeniz diyetine uyumları arttıkça vücut ağırlığı, bel çevresi, bel/boy oranı ve boyun çevresi değerinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Erkeklerin kadınlardan 3,4 kat daha fazla koroner hastalık riskine sahip olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Antropometrik ölçüm değerlendirme sonucu riskliden sağlıklı aralığı doğru gittikçe bireylerde koroner hastalık riskinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir(p<0,05). Total kolesterol, LDL-Kolesterol, HDL-Kolesterol ve Trigliserid seviyelerinin koroner hastalık riskiyle ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, bireylerin bazı demografik özelliklerinin, antropometrik değerlerinin koroner hastalık riski üzerinde etkin olduğu saptanmıştır. Akdeniz diyeti ve koroner hastalık riski arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır.
The prevalence of coronary diseases has been increasing over the years and it is stated that the Mediterranean diet has positive effects for the treatment of this disease. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on nutritional status and coronary heart disease risk factors in adults. This research was conducted on 117 (M: 26.5%, F: 73.5%) adults who applied to a private Nutrition and Diet Counseling Center in Istanbul for medical nutrition treatment or body weight control between 2021 November – 2022 January. It was carried out with the participation of the individual. The participant information form questions prepared by compiling the literature were directed to the participants using face-to-face interview technique. In addition, Mediterranean Diet Compliance Scale (MEDAS) and Framingham Risk Score (FRS) questions were also administered. The mean age of the individuals participating in the study was 36.9±9.10 years, the mean MEDAS total score was 7.5±2.42, and the FRS average was 1.6±3.16 points. 36.8% of the individuals were found to be slightly overweight and 24.7% to be obese. The proportion of individuals with bad, moderate, and good MEDAS scores, respectively; 35.9%, 27.3% and 36.7%. It was determined that body weight, waist circumference, waist-height ratio and neck circumference values decreased as individuals' adherence to the Mediterranean diet increased (p<0.05). It was determined that men had a 3.4 times higher risk of coronary disease than women (p<0.05). It was determined that improvements in anthropometric values decreased the risk of coronary disease (p<0.05). Total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol and Triglyceride levels were found to be associated with the risk of coronary disease (p<0.05). As a result, it has been determined that some demographic characteristics and anthropometric values of individuals are effective on the risk of coronary disease. No significant relationship was found between the Mediterranean diet and the risk of coronary disease.
The prevalence of coronary diseases has been increasing over the years and it is stated that the Mediterranean diet has positive effects for the treatment of this disease. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on nutritional status and coronary heart disease risk factors in adults. This research was conducted on 117 (M: 26.5%, F: 73.5%) adults who applied to a private Nutrition and Diet Counseling Center in Istanbul for medical nutrition treatment or body weight control between 2021 November – 2022 January. It was carried out with the participation of the individual. The participant information form questions prepared by compiling the literature were directed to the participants using face-to-face interview technique. In addition, Mediterranean Diet Compliance Scale (MEDAS) and Framingham Risk Score (FRS) questions were also administered. The mean age of the individuals participating in the study was 36.9±9.10 years, the mean MEDAS total score was 7.5±2.42, and the FRS average was 1.6±3.16 points. 36.8% of the individuals were found to be slightly overweight and 24.7% to be obese. The proportion of individuals with bad, moderate, and good MEDAS scores, respectively; 35.9%, 27.3% and 36.7%. It was determined that body weight, waist circumference, waist-height ratio and neck circumference values decreased as individuals' adherence to the Mediterranean diet increased (p<0.05). It was determined that men had a 3.4 times higher risk of coronary disease than women (p<0.05). It was determined that improvements in anthropometric values decreased the risk of coronary disease (p<0.05). Total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol and Triglyceride levels were found to be associated with the risk of coronary disease (p<0.05). As a result, it has been determined that some demographic characteristics and anthropometric values of individuals are effective on the risk of coronary disease. No significant relationship was found between the Mediterranean diet and the risk of coronary disease.
Description
Keywords
Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Nutrition and Dietetics