6306 sayılı kanun kapsamında Kocaeli Cedit mahallesi örneği üzerinden katılım sorunsalı ve öneriler
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2023
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Sanayi devriminden sonra kontrolsüz göç ve plansız kentsel alanların oluşmasıyla kentlerde çöküntü yaşanan alanların dönüştürülmesi ve kente yeniden kazandırılması kentsel dönüşüm eyleminin hedefidir. Ülkemiz gibi gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, iller arası göçler sonucu kentlerde yığılmalar oluşmaktadır. Bu yığılmalar düzensiz kentleşmeye sebep olmuştur. Düzensiz kentleşme ile sağlıksız yaşam alanları, yetersiz sosyal donatılar, altyapı problemleri oluşmaya başlamıştır. Türkiye'de de dünyanın birçok yerinde olduğu gibi yaşanan depremler kentsel dönüşüme sebep olmuştur. Ülkemizde yakın tarihlerde yaşanan Van Depremi ve Marmara Depreminin ardından '6306 Sayılı Afet Riski Altındaki Alanların Dönüştürülmesi Hakkında Kanun' un hazırlanması ile ülkemizde kentsel dönüşüm eylemi hızlanmıştır. Ülkemizde genellikle rant amacı güden, kullanıcı odaklı olmadan tepeden inme kararlarla planlanan kentsel dönüşüm projelerine sıkça görülmektedir. Kullanıcıların planlama sürecinde aktif olmadığı bu dönüşüm projelerinde çoğunlukla sosyal donatıların yeterliliği irdelenmeden, bölge halkının ihtiyaçlarına cevap olmayan kentsel dönüşüm süreçleri yaşanmaktadır. Projenin planlama aşamasında bölge halkının katılımının sağlanmaması dönüşüm sonrasında kentte ciddi sıkıntılara yol açmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada 6306 Sayılı Afet Riski Altındaki Alanların Dönüştürülmesi Hakkında Kanun kapsamında Kocaeli Büyükşehir Belediyesinin yürütmüş olduğu Kocaeli Cedit Mahallesi Kentsel Dönüşüm Projesi incelenmiştir. Mal sahipleriyle yapılan anket çalışmaları ile projede yapılan doğrular ve hatalar karşılıklı analizler halinde ortaya konulmuştur ve bu çalışma içerisinde savunulduğu gibi 'Kentsel Dönüşüm' ün sadece sağlıksız yaşam alanlarının yerlerine rantın ön planda olduğu prestijli yapılar inşa etmek olmadığını; Kentsel dönüşümün kentin mimari estetik kimliğiyle örtüşen, kültürel değerlere saygılı, bölge halkının ihtiyaçlarına cevap niteliğinde olan ve kimlikli yaşam alanlarının tasarlanarak, ekonomik ve toplumsal gelişmelerin önünü açacak uygulamalar olması gerektiğini ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir.
After the industrial revolution, uncontrolled migration and the formation of unplanned urban areas and the transformation of the collapsed areas in the cities and their reintegration into the city are the goals of the urban transformation action. In developing countries such as our country, accumulations occur in cities as a result of inter-provincial migrations. These accumulations have led to irregular urbanization. With irregular urbanization, unhealthy living spaces, inadequate social facilities, infrastructure problems have started to occur. In Turkey, as in many parts of the world, earthquakes have caused urban transformation. Following the recent Van Earthquake and Marmara Earthquake in our country, urban transformation action has accelerated in our country with the preparation of the Law No. 6306 on the Transformation of Areas Under Disaster Risk. In our country, urban transformation projects that are generally planned with rent-oriented and top-down decisions without being user-oriented are frequently seen. In these transformation projects, where users are not active in the planning process, urban transformation processes that do not respond to the needs of the people of the region are often experienced without examining the adequacy of social facilities. The lack of participation of the local people in the planning phase of the project leads to serious problems in the city after the transformation. In the study, the Kocaeli Cedit Neighborhood Urban Transformation Project carried out by the Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality within the scope of the Law No. 6306 on the Transformation of Areas Under Disaster Risk was examined. The rights and mistakes made in the project with the survey studies conducted with the owners were revealed in mutual analyzes and as it was defended in this study, 'Urban Transformation' is not only about building prestigious buildings where rent is at the forefront instead of unhealthy living spaces; It is aimed to reveal that urban transformation should be practices that coincide with the architectural aesthetic identity of the city, respect cultural values, respond to the needs of the people of the region and design living spaces with identity and pave the way for economic and social developments.
After the industrial revolution, uncontrolled migration and the formation of unplanned urban areas and the transformation of the collapsed areas in the cities and their reintegration into the city are the goals of the urban transformation action. In developing countries such as our country, accumulations occur in cities as a result of inter-provincial migrations. These accumulations have led to irregular urbanization. With irregular urbanization, unhealthy living spaces, inadequate social facilities, infrastructure problems have started to occur. In Turkey, as in many parts of the world, earthquakes have caused urban transformation. Following the recent Van Earthquake and Marmara Earthquake in our country, urban transformation action has accelerated in our country with the preparation of the Law No. 6306 on the Transformation of Areas Under Disaster Risk. In our country, urban transformation projects that are generally planned with rent-oriented and top-down decisions without being user-oriented are frequently seen. In these transformation projects, where users are not active in the planning process, urban transformation processes that do not respond to the needs of the people of the region are often experienced without examining the adequacy of social facilities. The lack of participation of the local people in the planning phase of the project leads to serious problems in the city after the transformation. In the study, the Kocaeli Cedit Neighborhood Urban Transformation Project carried out by the Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality within the scope of the Law No. 6306 on the Transformation of Areas Under Disaster Risk was examined. The rights and mistakes made in the project with the survey studies conducted with the owners were revealed in mutual analyzes and as it was defended in this study, 'Urban Transformation' is not only about building prestigious buildings where rent is at the forefront instead of unhealthy living spaces; It is aimed to reveal that urban transformation should be practices that coincide with the architectural aesthetic identity of the city, respect cultural values, respond to the needs of the people of the region and design living spaces with identity and pave the way for economic and social developments.
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Mimarlık, Architecture
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197