Tip 2 diyabetli hastaların beslenme alışkanlıkları, diyet kalitesi ve yeme davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2019
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Open Access Color
OpenAIRE Downloads
OpenAIRE Views
Abstract
Tip 2 diyabet, neredeyse tüm ülkelerde en yaygın görülen kronik hastalıklardan biridir. Ekonomik gelişme ve şehirleşmeyle birlikte obezitenin artması, fiziksel aktivitenin azalması gibi yaşam tarzı değişikliklerinin meydana gelmesiyle hastalığın önemi artmaya devam etmektedir. Tıbbi beslenme proramı, diyabetli hastalarda glisemik kontrolü sağlamada, mikro ve makrovasküler komplikasyonları önlemede çok önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışma Tip 2 diyabetli bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıkları, diyet kalitesi ve yeme davranışlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma 01 Nisan 2018- 30 Haziran 2018 tarihleri arasında Kocaeli Darıca Farabi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Beslenme ve Diyet Polikliniğine başvuran Tip 2 diyabet tanısı almış 124'ü kadın, 78'i erkek toplam 202 bireyin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bireylerin; demografik özellikleri, beslenme alışkanlıkları bir anket formu ile belirlenmiş, ağırlık ve boy uzunlukları ölçülmüş, 3 günlük besin tüketim kaydı alınmış ve Hollanda Yeme Davranışı Anketi (DEBQ) uygulanmış, besin çeşitliliği skoru ve Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi puanı hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin yaş ortalaması 49,77±10,23 yıl, beden kütle indeksi ortalaması ise 29,3±4.05 kg/m2'dir. Tedavi yöntemlerine baktığımızda bireylerin; % 16,3'ünün diyet, % 12,4'ünün insülin, % 57,9'unun oral anti-diyabetik, % 4'ü insülin ve diyet, % 9,4'ü oral anti-diyabetik ve diyet tedavisi almaktadır. Bireylerin, % 0,5'inin günde 1, %57.4'ünün günde 2, % 42,1'inin günde 3 ana öğün tükettiği saptanmıştır. Kadın bireylerin günlük ortalama 1522 kkal, erkek bireylerin ise 1846 kkal tükettikleri hesaplanmıştır. Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi puanı tüm bireylerde ortalama 63,77±10,93; kadınlarda 67,64±11,27, erkeklerde 57,72±10,39 bulunmuştur. Kadınların Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi puan ortalaması, erkeklerin Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi puan ortalamasından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Kadınların %6,5'inin besin çeşidi skoru 0(besin grubu sayısı ≤6), %93,5'inin 5(besin grubu sayısı 7-16); erkeklerin %5'inin 0, %95'inin 5 olmakla birlikte her iki grupta da besin çeşidi skoru 10(besin grubu sayısı ≥16) olan birey bulunmamaktadır. Kadınların tükettiği besin çeşidi ortalaması 9,05±1,49, erkeklerin tükettiği besin çeşidi ortalaması 9,12±1,24 olmakla birlikte tüketilen besin çeşidi sayısı ortalaması açısından kadınlar ile erkekler arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmamaktadır (p>0,05). Araştırmaya katılan kadınların kısıtlayıcı yeme skoru ortalaması 2,72±0,72 iken erkeklerin kısıtlayıcı yeme skoru ortalaması 2,09±0,54 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kadınların kısıtlayıcı yeme skoru erkeklerin kısıtlayıcı yeme skorundan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde fazladır (p<0,05). Kadınların duygusal yeme skoru ortalaması 2,37±0,71, erkeklerin duygusal yeme skoru ortalaması 1,72±0,65'dir. Kadınların duygusal yeme skoru erkeklerin duygusal yeme skorundan anlamlı düzeyde fazladır (p<0,05). Kadınların ve erkeklerin dışsal yeme skoru ortalamaları sırasıyla 2,65±0,53 ve 2,66±0,50'dir. Kadınların dışsal yeme skoru ile erkeklerin dışsal yeme skorları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmamaktadır (p>0,05). Anahtar Kelimeler: Tip 2 DM, diyet kalitesi, besin çeşitliliği, Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi(HEI) , Hollanda Yeme Davranışı Anketi (DEBQ)
Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in almost all countries. The importance of type 2 diabetes continues to increase with economic development and urbanization with increased obesity, lifestyle changes such as decreasing physical activity. Diet plays a very important role in preventing glycemic control in patients with diabetes and preventing micro- and macrovascular complications. This study was conducted to determine the dietary habits, diet quality and eating behaviors of people with Type 2 diabetes. The study was carried out between April 01 and June 30, 2018 with the participation of 124 women, 78 men, totally 202 patients who were diagnosed as Type 2 diabetes and who admitted to the Kocaeli Darıca Farabi Training and Research Hospital, Nutrition and Dietary Clinic. Demographic characteristics, nutritional habits of individuals were questioned by a questionnaire, weight and length were measured, 3 days of food consumption was recorded, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) was applied, food variety score and Healthy Eating Index score were calculated. The mean age of the participants was 49.77 ± 10.23 years and the mean body mass index was 29.3 ± 4.05 kg / m2. When we look at the treatment methods: 16.3 %, diet, 12.4 % insulin, 57.9 % oral anti-diabetic, 4 % insulin and diet, 9.4 % oral anti-diabetic and dietary treatment. It was found that 0.5% of the individuals consumed 1, 57.4% of the individuals consumed 2, 42.1% of the individuals consumed 3 main meals a day. It was calculated that female individuals received an average of 1522.4 kcal per day and male individuals received 1846.4 kcal. The mean score of healthy eating index was 63.77 ± 10.93 in all participants; 67.64 ± 11.27 in women and 57.72 ± 10.39 in men. The mean score of healthy eating index of females was significantly higher than males' healthy eating index score statistically (p <0.05). 6.5% of women had a food variety score 0 (number of food groups ≤6), 93.5% of them 5 (number of food groups 7-16); 5% of the males had 0, 95% of them were 5, there was no food variety score 10 (number of food groups ≥16) in both groups. The average number of consumed food variety by women is 9.05 ± 1.494, while the average number of consumed food variety by males is 9.12 ± 1.24, there is no statistically significant difference between males and females in terms of the average number of consumed food variety (p>0.05). The mean restrictive eating score of the women was 2.72 ± 0.72 and the mean restrictive eating score of the males was 2.09 ± 0.54. The restrictive eating score of women was significantly higher than that of males' statistically (p <0.05). The mean emotional eating score of the women was 2.37±0.71 and the mean emotional eating score of the males was 1.72±0.65. The emotional eating score of women was significantly higher than that of males' statistically (p <0.05). The mean external eating score of the women was 2.65±0.53 and the mean external eating score of the males was 2.66±0.50. There is no statistically significant difference between the external eating scores of women and the external eating scores of men (p>0.05). Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, diet quality, food variety, Healthy Eating Index, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ)
Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in almost all countries. The importance of type 2 diabetes continues to increase with economic development and urbanization with increased obesity, lifestyle changes such as decreasing physical activity. Diet plays a very important role in preventing glycemic control in patients with diabetes and preventing micro- and macrovascular complications. This study was conducted to determine the dietary habits, diet quality and eating behaviors of people with Type 2 diabetes. The study was carried out between April 01 and June 30, 2018 with the participation of 124 women, 78 men, totally 202 patients who were diagnosed as Type 2 diabetes and who admitted to the Kocaeli Darıca Farabi Training and Research Hospital, Nutrition and Dietary Clinic. Demographic characteristics, nutritional habits of individuals were questioned by a questionnaire, weight and length were measured, 3 days of food consumption was recorded, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) was applied, food variety score and Healthy Eating Index score were calculated. The mean age of the participants was 49.77 ± 10.23 years and the mean body mass index was 29.3 ± 4.05 kg / m2. When we look at the treatment methods: 16.3 %, diet, 12.4 % insulin, 57.9 % oral anti-diabetic, 4 % insulin and diet, 9.4 % oral anti-diabetic and dietary treatment. It was found that 0.5% of the individuals consumed 1, 57.4% of the individuals consumed 2, 42.1% of the individuals consumed 3 main meals a day. It was calculated that female individuals received an average of 1522.4 kcal per day and male individuals received 1846.4 kcal. The mean score of healthy eating index was 63.77 ± 10.93 in all participants; 67.64 ± 11.27 in women and 57.72 ± 10.39 in men. The mean score of healthy eating index of females was significantly higher than males' healthy eating index score statistically (p <0.05). 6.5% of women had a food variety score 0 (number of food groups ≤6), 93.5% of them 5 (number of food groups 7-16); 5% of the males had 0, 95% of them were 5, there was no food variety score 10 (number of food groups ≥16) in both groups. The average number of consumed food variety by women is 9.05 ± 1.494, while the average number of consumed food variety by males is 9.12 ± 1.24, there is no statistically significant difference between males and females in terms of the average number of consumed food variety (p>0.05). The mean restrictive eating score of the women was 2.72 ± 0.72 and the mean restrictive eating score of the males was 2.09 ± 0.54. The restrictive eating score of women was significantly higher than that of males' statistically (p <0.05). The mean emotional eating score of the women was 2.37±0.71 and the mean emotional eating score of the males was 1.72±0.65. The emotional eating score of women was significantly higher than that of males' statistically (p <0.05). The mean external eating score of the women was 2.65±0.53 and the mean external eating score of the males was 2.66±0.50. There is no statistically significant difference between the external eating scores of women and the external eating scores of men (p>0.05). Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, diet quality, food variety, Healthy Eating Index, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ)
Description
Keywords
Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Beslenme, Beslenme alışkanlıkları, Beslenme davranışı, Nutrition and Dietetics, Beslenme incelemeleri, Nutrition, Nutritional habits, Diabetes mellitus, Feeding behavior, Nutrition surveys, Diabetes mellitus-tip 2, Diabetes mellitus, Diyet, Diabetes mellitus-type 2, Diet, Sağlıklı beslenme, Healthy nutrition
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
122