İnsani yardım operasyonlarında lojistiğin rolü: Türkiye'deki Suriyeli sığınmacılara sağlanan yardımlar üzerine bir araştırma
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2015
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Günümüzde, lojistik kavramının önemi, iĢ dünyası tarafından anlaĢılmıĢtır. Lojistiğin iĢletmelere sağladığı rekabet avantajı çok önemlidir. Ġnsani yardım lojistiği, her insani yardım operasyonunda kullanılmaktadır. Ancak insani yardım lojistiğinin önemi, son zamanlarda anlaĢılmaya baĢlamıĢtır. Bu çalıĢmada da insani yardım lojistiğinin önemi, aĢamaları, özgün tarafları vurgulanmıĢtır. BaĢarılı bir yardım operasyonu için, lojistiğin doğru biçimde uygulanması Ģarttır. Ticari lojistikte baĢarısızlık, düĢük kar marjına sebep olmaktadır. Ġnsani yardım lojistiğinde baĢarısızlık ise afetzede kiĢilerin acı çekmesi ve yaĢamını yitirmesi ile sonuçlanmaktadır. Suriye Ġç SavaĢı, bölgede insani bir krize sebep olmuĢtur. Bu çalıĢmada, Türkiye'deki yardım kuruluĢları tarafından, Suriye krizi için yürütülen insani yardım çalıĢmaları araĢtırılmıĢtır. Türkiye, Suriye krizinden önemli biçimde etkilenmiĢtir. Türkiye, gelecekte de, bu krizden etkilenmeye devam edecektir. Eğer Suriyeliler için yapılan yardım operasyonu baĢarısız olursa, ülkedeki yaklaĢık 2 milyon Suriyeli sığınmacı, istikrarsızlık yaratabilir. Türkiye'de yapılan yardım operasyonunun baĢarısı, insani yardım lojistiğinin ne kadar etkili ve verimli yapıldığı ile doğru orantılıdır. Suriyelilere Yardım Operasyonunda görev alan yardım çalıĢanları ile bir anket yapılmıĢtır. Bu anket çalıĢması, yardım operasyonundaki uygulamalar ve sorunlar hakkındadır. Veriler, yüz yüze görüĢmeler, telefon görüĢmeleri ve elektronik posta aracılığıyla toplanmıĢtır. Anket çalıĢmasındaki baĢlıklar; personel ve eğitim, tedarik, hazırlık, finans ve bağıĢlar, izlenebilirlik, haberleĢme, lojistik ön değerlendirme, hesap verebilirlik ve kayıttır. Anket sonuçlarına göre, Türkiye'deki insani yardım kuruluĢları eğitim, tedarik, hazırlık, finans ve bağıĢ toplama, gereksiz bağıĢlar ve kayıt konularında yeterli değildir. Buna karĢın yardım operasyonunda, Türk yardım kuruluĢları, stokların izlenebilirliği, haberleĢme, lojistik ön değerlendirme ve hesap verebilirlik konularında baĢarılı görünmektedir. Suriye Yardım Operasyonunun kapsamı beklenmedik derecede büyümüĢtür. Yardım operasyonun süresi çok uzamıĢtır. Türkiye'deki yardım kuruluĢları Suriyeli sığınmacılar için çok çalıĢmaktadır. Ancak devletin katkılarına rağmen, Türkiye, Suriye insani krizi karĢısında yetersiz kalmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ġnsani Yardım Lojistiği, Suriye Krizi, Suriyelilere Yardım Operasyonu, Suriyeli Sığınmacılar.
Nowadays, the importance of the logistics has been understood by the business world. The competitive advantage that logistics provided to the establishments are very important. Humanitarian logistics has been used at every humanitarian operation. But the importance of the humanitarian logistics, recently began to be understood. In this study, the importance, the phases and the unique sides of the humanitarian logistics were highlighted. Successful implementation of the logistics is essential for a successful aid operation. The failure in the commercial logistics causes low profit margins. But failure of the humanitarian logistics has resulted in suffering and loss of life of the disaster victims. The Syrian Civil War causes a humanitarian crisis in the region. In this study, the aid efforts of the Turkish aid organizations for Syria crisis, were examined. Turkey has been affected significantly by the Syrian Crisis. In the future, Turkey will continue to be affected too. If aid operation to the Syrians fails, approximately 2 million Syrians in the country might cause instability. The success of the aid operation in Turkey is directly proportional to effective and efficient execution of the humanitarian logistics. A survey was conducted with the aid workers whose participate in the Syria Aid Operation. This survey is about the practices and problems of the aid operation. The data was collected through face to face meetings, phone calls and e-mails. Topics of the survey are; staff and education, procurement, preparedness, finance and donations, visibility, communication, logistics pre-assessment, accountability and registration. According to the survey results, the aid organizations in Turkey are not sufficient in education, procurement, preparedness, finance and donations, unnecessary donations and registration topics. Although in the aid operation, Turkish aid organizations were sufficient in the visibility of their inventory, communication, logistics pre-assessment and accountability topics. The magnitude of the Syria Aid Operation has grown unexpectedly. The duration of the aid operation was prolonged. Turkish aid organizations are working very hard for the Syrian refugees. But in spite of large government contributions, Turkey remains insufficient in Syrian humanitarian crisis. Keywords: Humanitarian Logistics, Syria Crisis, Syria Aid Operation, Syrian Refugees
Nowadays, the importance of the logistics has been understood by the business world. The competitive advantage that logistics provided to the establishments are very important. Humanitarian logistics has been used at every humanitarian operation. But the importance of the humanitarian logistics, recently began to be understood. In this study, the importance, the phases and the unique sides of the humanitarian logistics were highlighted. Successful implementation of the logistics is essential for a successful aid operation. The failure in the commercial logistics causes low profit margins. But failure of the humanitarian logistics has resulted in suffering and loss of life of the disaster victims. The Syrian Civil War causes a humanitarian crisis in the region. In this study, the aid efforts of the Turkish aid organizations for Syria crisis, were examined. Turkey has been affected significantly by the Syrian Crisis. In the future, Turkey will continue to be affected too. If aid operation to the Syrians fails, approximately 2 million Syrians in the country might cause instability. The success of the aid operation in Turkey is directly proportional to effective and efficient execution of the humanitarian logistics. A survey was conducted with the aid workers whose participate in the Syria Aid Operation. This survey is about the practices and problems of the aid operation. The data was collected through face to face meetings, phone calls and e-mails. Topics of the survey are; staff and education, procurement, preparedness, finance and donations, visibility, communication, logistics pre-assessment, accountability and registration. According to the survey results, the aid organizations in Turkey are not sufficient in education, procurement, preparedness, finance and donations, unnecessary donations and registration topics. Although in the aid operation, Turkish aid organizations were sufficient in the visibility of their inventory, communication, logistics pre-assessment and accountability topics. The magnitude of the Syria Aid Operation has grown unexpectedly. The duration of the aid operation was prolonged. Turkish aid organizations are working very hard for the Syrian refugees. But in spite of large government contributions, Turkey remains insufficient in Syrian humanitarian crisis. Keywords: Humanitarian Logistics, Syria Crisis, Syria Aid Operation, Syrian Refugees
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Keywords
İşletme, Lojistik, Lojistik yönetim, Business Administration, Mülteciler, Logistics, Logistic management, Suriye, Refugees, Yardımlar, Syria, Aids, İnsani yardımlar, Humanitarian aid
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195