Satın almada iç kontrol ve hile denetimi: Dünyadaki hile vakalarının analizi
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2021
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Günümüzde iç kontrol tüm kurum ve kuruluşlarda olması gereken bir sistemdir. İç denetim de bu sistemin doğru ve etkili bir şekilde işlemesini sağlar. Etkin bir iç kontrol sisteminin olmadığı bir organizasyon hile ve yolsuzluğa maruz kalır. Satın alma, gerçekleştirilen hassas işlemler dolayısıyla kurumlarda en fazla riski barındıran başlıca birimlerdendir. Olası risklerin tespiti, bu risklerin önüne geçilmesi ve bu risklerin bir daha oluşmaması ve en aza indirgenmesi için gerekli önlemlerin alınması etkin bir iç kontrol sistemi ve hile denetimi sayesinde olacaktır. Satın alma teknikleri ve bu tekniklerin hile ve yolsuzlukların önüne geçilmesindeki rolleri ayrıntılı olarak açıklanmıştır. Bu tekniklerin satın alma görevlileri tarafından benimsenmesi ve uygulamalarının önemi vurgulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, dünyadaki hile vakalarının analizi yapılmıştır. Gelişmiş, gelişmekte olan ve az gelişmiş ülkelerdeki hile ve yolsuzluk durumlarının karşılaştırmalı olarak analizi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca hilenin sektörlere bağlı dağılımı ve hilenin ilgili kurumlara etkileri incelenmiştir. COVID-19 döneminin satın almadaki hile ve yolsuzluklara olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu dönemin genel olarak satın alma sürecinde bütün ülkelerde olumsuz durumlara yol açtığı gözlemlenmiştir. Çeşitli vaka analizleriyle satın almada hilenin ve yolsuzluğun etkileri araştırılarak çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
Nowadays, internal control system is a must within each organization. Internal auditing validates that this system works efficiently in the appropriate way. An organization which lacks an efficient internal control system would suffer in the long run and will face fraud and corruption cases. Due to the critical processes which are handled daily, procurement is the department with the highest risks involved in its transactions. In order to determine, mitigate, minimize the possible risks and make sure they won't occur again in the near future, an organization should be able to use the internal control system and fraud audit methods effectively. Procurement techniques and their roles in preventing fraud and corruption are explained in details. The importance of adopting and applying these techniques by procurement staff was emphasized. In this study, fraud cases in the world was analyzed. A comparative analysis of fraud and corruption cases in developed, developing and underdeveloped countries has been made. In addition, the distribution of fraud by sectors and the effects of fraud on relevant institutions were examined. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on fraud and corruption in procurement has been investigated. It has been observed that this period has led to negative and difficult situations in all countries in the procurement process in general. With various case studies, the effects of fraud and corruption in procurement were investigated and solutions were suggested.
Nowadays, internal control system is a must within each organization. Internal auditing validates that this system works efficiently in the appropriate way. An organization which lacks an efficient internal control system would suffer in the long run and will face fraud and corruption cases. Due to the critical processes which are handled daily, procurement is the department with the highest risks involved in its transactions. In order to determine, mitigate, minimize the possible risks and make sure they won't occur again in the near future, an organization should be able to use the internal control system and fraud audit methods effectively. Procurement techniques and their roles in preventing fraud and corruption are explained in details. The importance of adopting and applying these techniques by procurement staff was emphasized. In this study, fraud cases in the world was analyzed. A comparative analysis of fraud and corruption cases in developed, developing and underdeveloped countries has been made. In addition, the distribution of fraud by sectors and the effects of fraud on relevant institutions were examined. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on fraud and corruption in procurement has been investigated. It has been observed that this period has led to negative and difficult situations in all countries in the procurement process in general. With various case studies, the effects of fraud and corruption in procurement were investigated and solutions were suggested.
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İşletme, COVID 19, Hile, Business Administration, Risk, COVID 19, Fraud, Satın alma, Risk, Yolsuzluk, Purchasing, Corruption, İç denetim ve iç kontrol, Internal control and internal audit
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118