Özel gereksinime ihtiyacı olan çocuklara sahip anne babalarda travma sonrası büyüme psikolojik dayanıklılık ve yaşam kalitesi
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2021
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Open Access Color
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Abstract
Farklı gelişen çocuğa sahip olmak aile için önemli yaşam krizlerinden biri olarak kabul edilebilir. Anne babalar bu durumdan farklı şekillerde etkilenmektedirler. Bu çalışmada özel gereksinime ihtiyacı olan çocuklara sahip anne ve babaların bu yaşam krizi sonrasındaki travma sonrası büyüme özelliklerinin nasıl olduğu ve psikolojik dayanaklılık ile yaşam kalitesi değişkenleriyle nasıl bir ilişki içerisinde olduklarının incelenmesi üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu amaçla özel gereksinime muhtaç çocuğa sahip 308 baba ve 359 anne olmak üzere 670 kişiye ölçekler uygulanmıştır. Bununla birlikte özel gereksinime muhtaç olmayan çocuğu olan 197 baba ve 286 anne olmak üzere 483 anne baba çalışmaya alınmıştır. Anne babaların sosyo-demografik özelliklerini saptamak amacıyla, 17 maddeden oluşan demografik bilgi formu; travma sonrası büyüme özelliklerini ölçmek için Tedeschi ve Calhoun tarafından geliştirilen ve 21 maddeden oluşan Travma Sonrası Büyüme Envanteri (TSB), Beach Aile Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği, Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizleri SPSS 22 programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesi için; Bağımsız Gruplar t-testi ve Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Travma sonrası büyüme özelliklerinin hangi gruplar lehine farklılaştığını belirlemek amacıyla Post-hoc Tukey analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular %95 güven aralığında olmakla beraber, %5 anlamlılık düzeyi göz önünde bulundurularak değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan analize göre psikolojik dayanıklılık ve yaşam kalitesi özel gereksinime ihtiyaç duyan çocuklara sahip anne babalarda travmanın ortaya çıkmasında etkilidir. Özel gereksinimli anne babaların travma sonrası toplam puanları özel gereksinimi olmayan anne babalara kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. Özel gereksinimli çocuğa sahip ailelerin yaşadıkları sürece ilişkin pozitif büyümeyi saptayıp farkına varmaları sağlanarak, bu yolla psikolojik sağlamlıklarını ve aile yaşam kalitesi düzeylerini arttırmayı amaçlayan programlar ve aile rehberlik hizmetleri geliştirilebilir.
Having different developing children can be considered as one of the important life crises for the family. Parents can be affected in different ways. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the post traumatic growth characteristics of mothers and fathers who have special needs children and how they are related to psychological stability and quality of life variables. For this purpose, scales were applied to 670 people, 308 fathers and 359 mothers, who have children with special needs. In addition, 483 mothers and fathers, 197 fathers and 286 mothers, with children who do not need special needs were included in the study. a demographic information form consisting of 17 items; Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (TSB), developed by Tedeschi and Calhoun to measure post traumatic growth characteristics, consisted of 21 items and The Resilience Scale for Adults and Beach Family Quality of Life measures. used In order to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the parents. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 program. For data analysis; Independent Groups t-test and One-way ANOVA were used. Post-hoc Tukey analysis was used to determine which groups differed in favor of post traumatic growth characteristics. The findings were evaluated in 95% confidence interval and 5% significance level. Analysis of the data proved that the psychological resilience and quality of life are significantly associated with the occurrence of post-traumatic growth in parents with children with special needs. Post Traumatic growths in mothers is higher than in fathers. Post-traumatic total scores of parents with special needs were found to be significantly higher than those of parents with no special needs. Programs and family guidance services can be developed to enable families with children with special needs to identify and realize the positive growth related to the process they live in, and to increase their psychological resilience and family quality of life in this way.
Having different developing children can be considered as one of the important life crises for the family. Parents can be affected in different ways. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the post traumatic growth characteristics of mothers and fathers who have special needs children and how they are related to psychological stability and quality of life variables. For this purpose, scales were applied to 670 people, 308 fathers and 359 mothers, who have children with special needs. In addition, 483 mothers and fathers, 197 fathers and 286 mothers, with children who do not need special needs were included in the study. a demographic information form consisting of 17 items; Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (TSB), developed by Tedeschi and Calhoun to measure post traumatic growth characteristics, consisted of 21 items and The Resilience Scale for Adults and Beach Family Quality of Life measures. used In order to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the parents. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 program. For data analysis; Independent Groups t-test and One-way ANOVA were used. Post-hoc Tukey analysis was used to determine which groups differed in favor of post traumatic growth characteristics. The findings were evaluated in 95% confidence interval and 5% significance level. Analysis of the data proved that the psychological resilience and quality of life are significantly associated with the occurrence of post-traumatic growth in parents with children with special needs. Post Traumatic growths in mothers is higher than in fathers. Post-traumatic total scores of parents with special needs were found to be significantly higher than those of parents with no special needs. Programs and family guidance services can be developed to enable families with children with special needs to identify and realize the positive growth related to the process they live in, and to increase their psychological resilience and family quality of life in this way.
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Psikoloji, Psychology