3 boyutlu fotografik ve tomografik görüntülerde zigomatik kemik ile malar bölge yumuşak dokusunun görünümü arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2024
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Open Access Color
OpenAIRE Downloads
OpenAIRE Views
Abstract
Bu retrospektif tez çalışmasında amaç, ortognatik cerrahi yapılması planlanan hastaların orta yüzlerindeki yumuşak doku kalınlığının zigomatik kemik konturu ile ilişkisini tespit etmek ve doğru tanı koyulmasına yardımcı olmaktır. Bu amaçla zigomatik bölgeye ait sert ve yumuşak doku kalınlıkları ve bunların iskeletsel kafa yapısının özellikleri ile ilişkisi incelenmiş, orta yüzün gözle muayenesinin altta yatan sert doku kalınlığı hakkında ne derece bilgi verdiği araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın bir diğer amacı da farklı üç boyutlu analiz programları kullanarak zigoma bölgesini ölçme yöntemleri geliştirmektir. Üniversite hastaneleri için standart kayıtlar arasına girmiş olan üç boyutlu yüz taramalarının bu konuda ne kadar kullanışlı olacağı, sert doku kalınlığını ön görme konusunda yardımcı olup olmayacağı, sadece göz ile muayeneden başka, yüzün yumuşak dokusu üzerinde yapılabilecek ölçümlerin ne kadar isabetli olduğunun araştırılması da diğer bir amaç olmuştur Belirlenen seçim ölçütlerini karşılayan, 25 tam kafa KIBT verisi ile, bunların 12'sine ait 3dMD verisi çalışmanın gerecini oluşturmuştur. Materialize Mimics 25.0 (Belçika) programı ile KIBT verisinin Sagittal Referans Düzlemi üzerinde Lateral Sefalometrik Ölçümler, yapılmıştır. Aynı program kullanılarak, seçilen Aksiyal Referans Düzlemi üzerinde noktalar belirlenmiş, kafa sağ ve sol ayrı yarı olarak düşünülüp, iki ayrı olgu olarak zigomatik bölgeye ait ölçümler yapılmıştır. 3dMD Vultus (3dMD TM Ltd., Atlanta, GA, ABD) programı kullanılarak 3dMD verilerinde, iki farklı lineer topografik ölçüm gerçekleştirilmiştir. vi İstatistiksel değerlendirmede; lateral sefalometri verilerinden beş parametre, KIBT verilerinden sert ve yumuşak doku kalınlıklarını gösteren altı parametre, 3dMD verilerinde zigomatik bölgenin konveksitesini gösteren iki parametrenin birbirleri ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Yöntem hatasına ilişkin çalışmamız, tüm ölçümlerin, önemli olmayan ve araştırmanın sonuçlarını etkilemeyecek bir hata ile tekrarlanabileceğini göstermiştir. Kadınlarda yumuşak dokuyu gösteren KIBT değerlerinin ortalaması, erkeklere göre daha yüksek, erkeklerde sert dokuyu gösteren KIBT değerlerinin ortalaması, kadınlara göre daha yüksek çıkmıştır. SNA hiçbir KIBT parametresi ile anlamlı korelasyon göstermemiştir. Maksiller Derinlik, oblik ve dik yumuşak doku kalınlıkları ile zayıf bir pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir. ANB kemiksel ölçümlerin üçü ile de zayıf bir negatif korelasyon göstermiştir. H-ANB değeri ile Oblik Zigomatik Kemik Kalınlığı arasında zayıf negatif korelasyon bulunmuştur. Sn-GoMe ise oblik ve Dik Yumuşak Doku Kalınlığı haricindeki parametrelerle zayıf negatif korelasyon göstermiştir. SNA açısı (r=0,551-p=0,005), Maksiller Derinlik açısı (r=0,505-p=0,012) ve ANB açısı (r=0,576-p=0,003) ile Dikey Topografik değerler arasında istatistiksel olarak pozitif, orta dereceli korelasyon bulunmuştur. ANB değeri 2'nin üzerinde olan grubun Dikey Topografik ölçüm ortalamaları, ANB değeri 2'den küçük olanlardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksektir (ANB<2 ort=71,85±3,08- ANB≥2 ort=78,19±5,25-p=0,001). Yumuşak doku ve sert doku arasında hiçbir ilişki görülmemiştir. Yatay Topografik ölçüm ile, Oblik ve Dik Yumuşak Doku Kalınlığı haricindeki bütün parametreler arasında, orta derecede pozitif korelasyon görülmüştür. Dikey Topografik ölçüm ile 3B KIBT parametreleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, bütün olgulara bakıldığında, kemik kalınlığı ile yumuşak doku kalınlığı arasında herhangi bir korelasyon bulunamamıştır. Sadece gözle bakarak, fotoğraf veya üç boyutlu fotoğraf üzerinden kemik projeksiyonuna ilişkin yeterli fikir elde etmenin mümkün olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. Malar bölgede dolgunluk görülmesi, daha çok aynı bölgedeki yumuşak doku kalınlığının fazla olduğuna, burun kanadına yakın bölgede dolgunluk görülmesi, o bölgedeki yumuşak dokudan ziyade, kemik kalınlığının fazla olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Materialize Mimics 25.0 (Belçika) programı vii kullanılarak zigoma bölgesinin kemik ve yumuşak dokusunun kalınlıklarının ölçülmesi için, 3dMD Vultus (3dMD TM Ltd., Atlanta, GA, ABD) programı kullanılarak malar bölgenin dış konturlarının ölçülmesi için, tekrarlanabilir yöntemler geliştirilmiştir.
The aim of this retrospective thesis study is to determine the relationship between the soft tissue thickness in the midface of patients planned to undergo orthognathic surgery and the zygomatic bone contour and to help make the correct diagnosis. For this purpose, the hard and soft tissue thicknesses of the zygomatic region and their relationship with the characteristics of the skeletal head structure were examined, and it was investigated to what extent visual examination of the midface provides information about the underlying hard tissue thickness. Another aim of this study was to develop methods for measuring the zygoma region using different three-dimensional analysis programs. As 3D facial scans have become standard records for university hospitals, another goal of this study was to investigate whether they will help predict the hard tissue thickness, and how accurate the measurements that can be made on the soft tissue of the face are rather than by visual examination. The material of the study that met the specified selection criteria included 25 whole head CBCT data and 12 3dMD data from the same patients. Lateral Cephalometric Measurements were done using the Sagittal Reference Plane of the CBCT data with the Materialize Mimics 25.0 (Belgium) program. Using the same program, points were determined on the selected Axial Reference Plane. The head was considered as right and left halves, and measurements of the zygomatic region were selected as two separate cases. Two different linear topographic measurements were performed on the 3dMD data using the '3dMD Vultus' program (3dMD TM Ltd., Atlanta, GA, USA). In the statistical evaluation; The interrelationships of five parameters from lateral cephalometry data, six parameters showing hard and soft tissue thickness from CBCT ix data, and two parameters showing the convexity of the zygomatic region from 3dMD data were examined. The study of methodological error showed that all measurements can be repeated with an error that is not statistically significant and will not affect the results of the study. The average of CBCT values showing soft tissue in women was higher than in men, and the average of CBCT values showing hard tissue in men was higher than in women. SNA did not show significant correlation with any CBCT parameters. Maxillary Depth showed a weak positive correlation with oblique and perpendicular soft tissue thicknesses. ANB showed a weak negative correlation with all three osseous measurements. A weak negative correlation was found between H-ANB value and Oblique Zygomatic Bone Thickness. Sn-Go-Me, on the other hand, showed a weak negative correlation with parameters other than oblique and perpendicular Soft Tissue Thickness. A statistically positive, moderate correlation was found between SNA angle, Maxillary Depth angle and ANB angle and Vertical Topographic values. Vertical Topographic measurement averages of the group with ANB value above 2 are statistically significantly greater than those with ANB value less than 2. No relationship was seen between soft tissue and hard tissue. A moderate positive correlation was observed between Horizontal Topographic measurement and all parameters except Oblique and Vertical Soft Tissue Thickness. No statistically significant relationship was found between Vertical Topographic measurement and 3D CBCT parameters. In conclusion, after examining all the cases, no correlation was found between bone thickness and soft tissue thickness. It has been understood that it is not possible to get a sufficient idea regarding bone projection just by looking at it visually, both by photographs or three-dimensional photographs. Fullness in the malar region indicates that the soft tissue thickness in the same area is greater, and fullness in the area close to the nose wing indicates that the bone thickness is greater than the soft tissue in that area. Reproducible methods have been developed to measure the thickness of the bone and soft tissue of the zygoma region using the Mimics program, and to measure the external contours of the malar region using the Vultus program.
The aim of this retrospective thesis study is to determine the relationship between the soft tissue thickness in the midface of patients planned to undergo orthognathic surgery and the zygomatic bone contour and to help make the correct diagnosis. For this purpose, the hard and soft tissue thicknesses of the zygomatic region and their relationship with the characteristics of the skeletal head structure were examined, and it was investigated to what extent visual examination of the midface provides information about the underlying hard tissue thickness. Another aim of this study was to develop methods for measuring the zygoma region using different three-dimensional analysis programs. As 3D facial scans have become standard records for university hospitals, another goal of this study was to investigate whether they will help predict the hard tissue thickness, and how accurate the measurements that can be made on the soft tissue of the face are rather than by visual examination. The material of the study that met the specified selection criteria included 25 whole head CBCT data and 12 3dMD data from the same patients. Lateral Cephalometric Measurements were done using the Sagittal Reference Plane of the CBCT data with the Materialize Mimics 25.0 (Belgium) program. Using the same program, points were determined on the selected Axial Reference Plane. The head was considered as right and left halves, and measurements of the zygomatic region were selected as two separate cases. Two different linear topographic measurements were performed on the 3dMD data using the '3dMD Vultus' program (3dMD TM Ltd., Atlanta, GA, USA). In the statistical evaluation; The interrelationships of five parameters from lateral cephalometry data, six parameters showing hard and soft tissue thickness from CBCT ix data, and two parameters showing the convexity of the zygomatic region from 3dMD data were examined. The study of methodological error showed that all measurements can be repeated with an error that is not statistically significant and will not affect the results of the study. The average of CBCT values showing soft tissue in women was higher than in men, and the average of CBCT values showing hard tissue in men was higher than in women. SNA did not show significant correlation with any CBCT parameters. Maxillary Depth showed a weak positive correlation with oblique and perpendicular soft tissue thicknesses. ANB showed a weak negative correlation with all three osseous measurements. A weak negative correlation was found between H-ANB value and Oblique Zygomatic Bone Thickness. Sn-Go-Me, on the other hand, showed a weak negative correlation with parameters other than oblique and perpendicular Soft Tissue Thickness. A statistically positive, moderate correlation was found between SNA angle, Maxillary Depth angle and ANB angle and Vertical Topographic values. Vertical Topographic measurement averages of the group with ANB value above 2 are statistically significantly greater than those with ANB value less than 2. No relationship was seen between soft tissue and hard tissue. A moderate positive correlation was observed between Horizontal Topographic measurement and all parameters except Oblique and Vertical Soft Tissue Thickness. No statistically significant relationship was found between Vertical Topographic measurement and 3D CBCT parameters. In conclusion, after examining all the cases, no correlation was found between bone thickness and soft tissue thickness. It has been understood that it is not possible to get a sufficient idea regarding bone projection just by looking at it visually, both by photographs or three-dimensional photographs. Fullness in the malar region indicates that the soft tissue thickness in the same area is greater, and fullness in the area close to the nose wing indicates that the bone thickness is greater than the soft tissue in that area. Reproducible methods have been developed to measure the thickness of the bone and soft tissue of the zygoma region using the Mimics program, and to measure the external contours of the malar region using the Vultus program.
Description
Keywords
Diş Hekimliği, Dentistry
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
92