Kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı olan bireylerin sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyinin, hasta yakınlarının bakım yüküne etkisi
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2022
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Open Access Color
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Bu çalışma, Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı (KOAH) olan bireylerde sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyinin, hasta yakınlarının bakım yüküne etkisinin belirlenmesi amacı ile kesitsel bir araştırma olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın örneklemini, Kocaeli Darıca Farabi Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi Göğüs Hastalıkları polikliniğine kayıtlı KOAH tanısı olan 203 hasta ve bu bireylere bakım veren 203 hasta yakını oluşturdu. Veri toplama aracı olarak KOAH'lı bireyler için 'KOAH Hasta Bilgi Formu' ve KOAH Sağlık Okuryazarlık Ölçeği 'KOAH SOY BDÖ' kullanıldı. Bakım veren bireylere ise; 'Bakım Verici Tanıtım Formu' ve 'Zarit Bakım Yükü Ölçeği' uygulandı. Veri toplama araçları her iki gruba yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile aynı anda uygulandı. Veriler IBM SPSS 24.0 versiyon istatistik programında analiz edildi. Veriler %95 güven aralığında ve p<0,05 anlamlılık düzeyinde değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastası olan bireylerin KOAH sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyi puan ortalaması 39,08±13,21 olarak düşük bulunmuştur. KOAH SOY bilgi puanının yaş, cinsiyet, hastanın medeni durumu, çalışma durumu, yaşadığı yer, meslek, ekonomik durum, hastanın eğitim düzeyi, son 6 ay içinde hastanede yatma, son 6 ay içinde hastanın işe gidememesi ve sigara kullanma durumuna göre anlamlı ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Bakım verenlerin %76,8'inin kadın olduğu görülmüş ve bakım verenlerin Zarit Bakım Yükü Ölçeği puan ortalamaları 39,21±15,19 olarak orta düzeyde bakım yükü saptanmıştır. Bakım yükü cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim durumu, çocuk sayısı, hasta ile birlikte yaşama durumu, 24 saatteki ortalama bakım süresi, bakım veren kişi dışında bakıma katılan bireyin varlığı bakım, bakım veren bireylerden alınan destek düzeyi, hastaya bakma nedeni, çalışma durumundan etkilendiği ve farklılık gösterdiği belirtilmiştir (p<0.05). Hastaların Sağlık Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri ile bakım yükü arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Zarit Bakım Yükü Puan ortalamaları ile Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı bilgi ölçeği arasındaki ilişki incelenmiş ve sağlık okuryazarlık ölçeği puan ortalaması arttıkça bakım yükünün 0,18 kat arttığı görülmüştür. Bu araştırmanın sonucuna göre; Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastası olan bireylerin sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyinin yükseltilmesi hedeflenmelidir. Çalışmada bakım verenlerin çoğunluğunun kadınlar olduğu görülmüştür. Bakım veren kadınların psikolojik ve sosyal yönden desteklenmesi önerilmektedir.
This study was done as a sectional study to examine the level of health literacy in individuals with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD) and the relation of patient relatives to the burden of care. The sample of the study was 203 patients with COPD diagnosis registered to Kocaeli Darica Farabi Training Research Hospital Chest Diseases Clinic and 203 patients who provided care for these individuals. As a data collection tool, 'Information Form' and 'COPD INERT Knowledge Level Scale' were used for COPD individuals. The maintenance people were given 'Information Form' and 'Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale' (ZCBS). Data collection tools were applied to both groups at the same time, resulting in face-to-face discussion technique. The data was analyzed in the IBM SPSS 24.0 version statistical program. The data has been evaluated in the 95% confidence range and evaluated at the p<0.05 level of meaning. The COPD health literacy level score average for individuals with chronic Obstructive Lung patients was found to be less than 39.08 ± 13.21. COPD INERT information score age, gender, patient marital status, working status, where she lives, it has been determined that there is a significant difference in occupational status, economic status, patient education level, hospitalization in the last 6 months, patient inability to go to work within the last 6 months, and in the case of smoking (p<0.05). 76.8% of maintenance providers have been seen as women and the average rating of the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale of maintenance providers has been found to have a moderate maintenance load of 39.21±15.19. It has been stated that the maintenance load is gender, marital status, education status, number of children, living with the patient, average maintenance time of 24 hours, presence of a non-maintenance attending, support level from care-giving individuals, reason for looking at the patient is affected and varies (p<0.05). It has been found that there is a statistically significant relationship between health literacy levels and maintenance load of patients p<0.05. The relationship between the GPA of Zarit maintenance load and the Kronic Obstructive Lung disease information scale has been reviewed and the health literacy scale has increased by 0.18 times the maintenance load as the point average increases. According to the results of this study, it should be aimed at increasing the health literacy level of individuals with a Chronic Obstructive Lung Patient. The IV study found that most of the care providers are women. It is recommended that women who provide care be supported psychologically and socially. Keywords: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Health literacy, Burden care.
This study was done as a sectional study to examine the level of health literacy in individuals with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD) and the relation of patient relatives to the burden of care. The sample of the study was 203 patients with COPD diagnosis registered to Kocaeli Darica Farabi Training Research Hospital Chest Diseases Clinic and 203 patients who provided care for these individuals. As a data collection tool, 'Information Form' and 'COPD INERT Knowledge Level Scale' were used for COPD individuals. The maintenance people were given 'Information Form' and 'Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale' (ZCBS). Data collection tools were applied to both groups at the same time, resulting in face-to-face discussion technique. The data was analyzed in the IBM SPSS 24.0 version statistical program. The data has been evaluated in the 95% confidence range and evaluated at the p<0.05 level of meaning. The COPD health literacy level score average for individuals with chronic Obstructive Lung patients was found to be less than 39.08 ± 13.21. COPD INERT information score age, gender, patient marital status, working status, where she lives, it has been determined that there is a significant difference in occupational status, economic status, patient education level, hospitalization in the last 6 months, patient inability to go to work within the last 6 months, and in the case of smoking (p<0.05). 76.8% of maintenance providers have been seen as women and the average rating of the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale of maintenance providers has been found to have a moderate maintenance load of 39.21±15.19. It has been stated that the maintenance load is gender, marital status, education status, number of children, living with the patient, average maintenance time of 24 hours, presence of a non-maintenance attending, support level from care-giving individuals, reason for looking at the patient is affected and varies (p<0.05). It has been found that there is a statistically significant relationship between health literacy levels and maintenance load of patients p<0.05. The relationship between the GPA of Zarit maintenance load and the Kronic Obstructive Lung disease information scale has been reviewed and the health literacy scale has increased by 0.18 times the maintenance load as the point average increases. According to the results of this study, it should be aimed at increasing the health literacy level of individuals with a Chronic Obstructive Lung Patient. The IV study found that most of the care providers are women. It is recommended that women who provide care be supported psychologically and socially. Keywords: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Health literacy, Burden care.
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Halk Sağlığı, Sağlık Eğitimi, Public Health, Health Education, Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi, Health Care Management
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107