Kronik kalp yetmezliği hastalarının depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri ile hastalığa uyumları arasındaki ilişki
Abstract
Bu araştırmada, kronik kalp yetmezliği hastalarının depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri ile hastalığa uyumları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kesitsel tipteki bu araştırma, Koşuyolu Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Kardiyoloji Kliniğinde Haziran 2021- Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında 192 hastayla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği ve Kronik Hastalıklara Uyum Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, sayı-yüzdelik hesaplamaları, Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis H testi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, ölçek puanları arasındaki ilişkinin analizinde, Spearman's Rho korelasyon testi hesaplanmıştır. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 66,74±12,95 olup, Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği puan ortalamaları sırasıyla 10,55±4,41 ve 11,13±4,03, Kronik Hastalıklara Uyum Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 72,42±12,15 olarak saptanmıştır. Hastaların, Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği puanları ile Kronik Hastalıklara Uyum Ölçeği puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak negatif anlamlı bir ilişki belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Ayrıca, hastaların yaşları, medeni durumları, eğitim durumları, meslekleri, yaşadıkları yerlerin özellikleri, gelir durumu, başka hastalığın varlığı, tanı süresi, sürekli ilaç kullanma durumları ve hastaneye başvuru sıklığı ile ölçek puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Bu araştırmanın sonucuna göre, hastaların anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerinin azalması onların hastalığa uyum düzeylerini arttırabilir. Bu nedenle, kronik kalp hastalarının psikolojik ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesi ve bunları etkileyen faktörlerin kontrol altına alınması, hastaların hastalığa uyum yeteneklerini arttırması açısından önemli ve gereklidir. Anahtar kelimeler: Kronik Hastalık, Kalp Yetmezliği, Anksiyete, Depresyon, Hastalığa Uyum
This study was aimed to determine the relationship between depression and anxiety levels and their adaptation to disease of patients with chronic heart failure. This cross- sectional study was conducted with 192 patients in Koşuyolu High Specialization Education and Research Hospital between June-October 2021. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Adaptation to Chronic Illness Scale. In the analysis of data, number, percentage, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis H tests were used. Spearman's Rho correlation was calculated in the analysis of the relationship between the scale scores. The mean age of patients was 66,74±12,95. The patients' mean Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Adaptation to Chronic Illness Scale scores were found as 10,55±4,41 and 11,13±4,03 and 72.42±12.15, respectively. A statistically significant negative relationship was determined between Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores and Adaptation to Chronic Illness Scale scores (p<0,05). Also, there was a statistically significant relationship between the patients' age, marital status, educational status, occupation, characteristics of the place of live, income status, presence of another disease, diagnosis period, continuous drug use, the frequency of admission to the hospital and their scale scores (p<0,05). According to the results of the study, the decreased in the anxiety and depression levels of the patients may increase their level of adaptation to the disease. Therefore, it is important to determine the psychological needs of patients with chronic heart failure and to control the factors affecting them in order to increase the adaptation skills of patients to the disease. Keywords: Chronic Disease, Heart Failure, Anxiety, Depression, Adaption to the Disease
This study was aimed to determine the relationship between depression and anxiety levels and their adaptation to disease of patients with chronic heart failure. This cross- sectional study was conducted with 192 patients in Koşuyolu High Specialization Education and Research Hospital between June-October 2021. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Adaptation to Chronic Illness Scale. In the analysis of data, number, percentage, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis H tests were used. Spearman's Rho correlation was calculated in the analysis of the relationship between the scale scores. The mean age of patients was 66,74±12,95. The patients' mean Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Adaptation to Chronic Illness Scale scores were found as 10,55±4,41 and 11,13±4,03 and 72.42±12.15, respectively. A statistically significant negative relationship was determined between Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores and Adaptation to Chronic Illness Scale scores (p<0,05). Also, there was a statistically significant relationship between the patients' age, marital status, educational status, occupation, characteristics of the place of live, income status, presence of another disease, diagnosis period, continuous drug use, the frequency of admission to the hospital and their scale scores (p<0,05). According to the results of the study, the decreased in the anxiety and depression levels of the patients may increase their level of adaptation to the disease. Therefore, it is important to determine the psychological needs of patients with chronic heart failure and to control the factors affecting them in order to increase the adaptation skills of patients to the disease. Keywords: Chronic Disease, Heart Failure, Anxiety, Depression, Adaption to the Disease
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Keywords
Hemşirelik, Nursing