Sağlık turizminde kullanılan iletişim ve pazarlama uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi
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2018
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Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye sağlık turizminin önemli aktörleri olan özel sağlık kurumlarının yabancı hastaya ulaşmak için kullandıkları iletişim ve pazarlama yöntemlerini incelemek, ayrıca hastaların da bu kurumlara ulaşırken tercih ettikleri yöntem ve kanalları araştırarak önerilerde bulunmaktır. Global dünyadaki sağlık turizminde Türkiye, genellikle özel sağlık kurumlarının çabalarıyla rekabet etmiştir bu nedenle özel sağlık kurumlarının kullandıkları iletişim ve pazarlama kanallarının irdelenmesi ve sorunlarının belirlenmesi önemlidir. Çalışma 'Niteliksel Araştırma Yöntemi' ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama yöntemi olarak 'Yarı Yapılandırılmış Soru Formu' hazırlanmış ve yarı yapılandırılmış bireysel derinlemesine görüşmelerde kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, uygulamanın yapılacağı kurumların seçiminde belirlenen temel ölçüt 'Türkiye Medikal Turizm Değerlendirme Raporu 2013'te verilen hastaların en fazla başvurdukları ilk 10 özel hastane listesidir (14). İstanbul, Ankara ve Kocaeli'ndeki görüşmeyi kabul eden 5 hastanedeki konusunun uzmanlarından oluşan 9 yöneticiyle derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmış ve bilgiler alınmıştır. Yorumların analizinde MAXQDA kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların ortak görüşlerine göre, Türkiye ağırlıklı olarak yakın coğrafyadan hasta almaktadır. 'Direkt uçuş' imkânı olan ülkeler hedef ülke yapılmıştır. Hastalar için fiyat önemli bir kriterdir. Maliyetini devletin üstlendiği hizmetler için Avrupa'dan hasta alınamadığı görülmektedir. Ancak, özel sağlık sigortalarının karşılamadığı, saç ekimi, diş ya da estetik gibi işlemler için Avrupa'dan hastalar Türkiye'yi tercih etmektedirler. Bekleme süresi uzun olan İngiltere ve Batı Avrupa'dan hastaların yurt dışında Türkiye gibi başka ülkelere gittikleri görülmektedir. Ülkelerin bilinirlikleri ve marka değerinin yüksek olması hastaların ülke ve hastane tercihini kolaylaştıran bir faktördür. İleride, yakın coğrafyadaki ülkelerin kendi sağlık sistemlerini geliştirip düzeltmesiyle hasta akışının değişmesi beklenmektedir. Devletin önderliğinde özel sektörün özellikle medikal turizmde işbirliği stratejilerine ihtiyacı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Sağlık turizmi, medikal turizm, pazarlama, sağlıkta dijital iletişim
The purpose of the study, is to examine communications and marketing methods of private health institutions which are important actors in Turkey's health tourism, the methods and channels they prefer using to reach foreign patients and to also to investigate the channels that patients prefer to use to reach hospitals and to make suggestions. In the global world health tourism, Turkey, were in competition with the efforts of private health care institutions. Examination of communication and marketing channels used by private health institutions and identifying problems are important. The study was conducted with 'Qualitative Research Methodology'. 'Semi-structured Questionnaire' was prepared as data collection method and used in semi-structured individual in-depth interviews. The top 10 list of private hospitals that admitted most of the patients which was given in the 'Turkey Medical Tourism Evaluation Report 2013' was used as the basic criteria for the selection of the institutions (14). In-depth interviews were held at 5 hospitals located in Istanbul, Ankara and Kocaeli, with 9 executives who had accepted the interview and information was obtained. MAXQDA was used in the analysis of interviewers' comments. According to the common opinion of the participants, Turkey has been receiving patients mainly from close geography. Direct flight countries are made the target country by hospitals. Price is an important criterion for patients. Turkey could not get patients from Europe for services that are funded by Governments. Patients from Europe prefer Turkey for procedures such as teeth treatment, aesthetic, hair transplantation which are not covered by private health insurance. Patients with long standby time from UK and Western Europe went abroad to countries such as Turkey. Brand recognition and strong brand value are among the facilitating factors for choosing countries and hospitals. It is expected that the foreign patient profile may change from the nearby countries due to their health systems improvement. Co-operation strategies are needed by private sector in medical tourism under the government's leadership. Key Words: Health tourism, medical travel, marketing, digital communication in health
The purpose of the study, is to examine communications and marketing methods of private health institutions which are important actors in Turkey's health tourism, the methods and channels they prefer using to reach foreign patients and to also to investigate the channels that patients prefer to use to reach hospitals and to make suggestions. In the global world health tourism, Turkey, were in competition with the efforts of private health care institutions. Examination of communication and marketing channels used by private health institutions and identifying problems are important. The study was conducted with 'Qualitative Research Methodology'. 'Semi-structured Questionnaire' was prepared as data collection method and used in semi-structured individual in-depth interviews. The top 10 list of private hospitals that admitted most of the patients which was given in the 'Turkey Medical Tourism Evaluation Report 2013' was used as the basic criteria for the selection of the institutions (14). In-depth interviews were held at 5 hospitals located in Istanbul, Ankara and Kocaeli, with 9 executives who had accepted the interview and information was obtained. MAXQDA was used in the analysis of interviewers' comments. According to the common opinion of the participants, Turkey has been receiving patients mainly from close geography. Direct flight countries are made the target country by hospitals. Price is an important criterion for patients. Turkey could not get patients from Europe for services that are funded by Governments. Patients from Europe prefer Turkey for procedures such as teeth treatment, aesthetic, hair transplantation which are not covered by private health insurance. Patients with long standby time from UK and Western Europe went abroad to countries such as Turkey. Brand recognition and strong brand value are among the facilitating factors for choosing countries and hospitals. It is expected that the foreign patient profile may change from the nearby countries due to their health systems improvement. Co-operation strategies are needed by private sector in medical tourism under the government's leadership. Key Words: Health tourism, medical travel, marketing, digital communication in health
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Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi, Medikal turizm, Pazarlama, Health Care Management, Sayısal iletişim, Medical tourism, Marketing, Sağlık turizmi, Digital communication, Turizm, Medical tourism, Tourism, İletişim, Communication
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