COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde travma sonrası stres bozukluğu'nun yaşam kalitesi, travma sonrası büyüme ve belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük üzerindeki etkisi
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2022
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Bu çalışma kişilerin COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde travma sonrası stres bozukluğu geliştirme riskine bağlı olarak yaşam kalitesi, travma sonrası büyüme ve belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük üzerindeki etkiyi saptamak ve psikolojik bütünlüğü sarsan böyle bir süreçten sonra psikososyal iyilik halini tekrar geri kazanmak/kazandırmak adına kişilerde farkındalık yaratmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Pandemi sürecinde travma sonrası stres bozukluğu geliştiren kişilerin travma sonrası büyümeyi daha çok deneyimleyeceği; yaşam kalitesi ve belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün de bu doğrultuda olumsuz bir şekilde etkileneceği ön görülmüştür. Aynı zamanda belirlenmiş olan sosyo-demografik değişkenlerin de (yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, ekonomik durum, COVID-19 tanısı alma, sevilen bir yakının COVID-19 tanısı alması, sevilen bir yakının COVID-19 kaynaklı kaybı, COVID-19 sebebiyle refah seviyesinin olumsuz etkilenmesi ve aşı olma durumu) travma sonrası stres bozukluğu geliştirme, travma sonrası büyümeyi deneyimleme, yaşam kalitesi ve belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük üzerinde etki sahibi olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Ortaya atılan hipotezler ışığında travma sonrası stres bozukluğuna sahip kişilerin diğer gruba göre travma sonrası büyümeyi daha çok deneyimlediği, yaşam kalitesinin daha düşük, belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğünün daha yüksek olduğu savunulmuştur. Yaşam kalitesi yüksek olan ve travma sonrası büyümeyi deneyimleyen kişilerin belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüklerinin daha yüksek olduğu düşünülmüştür. Buna ek olarak travma sonrası stres bozukluğunun travma sonrası büyüme üzerinde; belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün ise yaşam kalitesi ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğu üzerinde yordayıcı bir etkiye sahip olduğu var sayılmıştır. Bu kapsamda Türkiye'deki nüfus dağılımına göre, en kalabalık, pandemi süreci boyunca vaka artışı ve ölüm oranlarının en çok görülüğü ve kısıtlamaların en çok uygulandığı yedi ilinde ikamet eden kişilerden Ekim 2021'de (N=485, %57,7'si erkek) kendi kendini değerlendirme yöntemi ile, çevrimiçi platform üzerinden veriler toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ışığında sosyo-demografik sorular için frekans analizi yapılmıştır. Normallik varsayımı için ölçeklerdeki veri dağılımına ve grup sayısına bağlı olarak bağımsız iki örneklem t-testi ve tek yönlü anova analizi kullanılmıştır. Tek yönlü anova analizi sonucunda gruplar arasındaki bağlantıları gösterebilmek amacıyla hoc analizleri uygulanmıştır. Grup gözlem sayısı yetersiz olan 2 gruplu değişkenlerde mann whitney-u analizi yapılmıştır. Ölçekler ve alt boyutlar arasındaki ilişkiyi ve yönünü öğrenmek için pearson korelasyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Bağımsız değişkenlerin bağımlı değişken üzerindeki etkisini görmek üzere basit doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Analizler alfa=0,05 seviyesinde uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilen verelere göre kadınlarda travma sonrası stres belirtileri ve travma sonrası büyüme erkeklere göre daha sık görülmüşken; erkeklerin algılanan genel yaşam kalitesi ve psikolojik sağlık ortalamaları kadınlara göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca erkeklerde kadınlara göre ileriye yönelik belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük skoru daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Travma sonrası stres bozukluğuna sahip kişilerin travma sonrası büyümeyi deneyimleme olasılıkları daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük seviyesi yüksek olan kişilerin travma sonrası stres bozukluğu geliştirme riskleri daha yüksek olarak saptanmıştır. Buna ek olarak, travma sonrası stres bozukluğuna sahip kişiler yaşam kalitelerini diğer gruba göre daha düşük algılamışlardır. Bununla birlikte travma sonrası stres bozukluğunun, travma sonrası büyüme; ileriye yönelik belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün ise travma sonrası stres bozukluğu üzerinde pozitif bir yordayıcılığa sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün ise algılanan yaşam kalitesi ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğu; yaşam kalitesinin alt boyutlarından olan algılanan fiziksel sağlık ve çevresel faktörlerin ise yine travma sonrası stres bozukluğu üzerinde negatif bir yordayıcılığa sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
This study was conducted to determine the impact on quality of life, post-traumatic growth, and intolerance to uncertainty due to the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. After the study, it was aimed to create awareness in people in order to restore their psychosocial well-being after such a process that shook their psychological integrity. People who develop post-traumatic stress disorder during the pandemic process will experience post-traumatic growth more; it has been foreseen that the quality of life and intolerance to uncertainty will also be negatively affected in this direction. It has also been suggested that the socio-demographic variables (age, gender, educational status, economic status, be diagnosed with COVID-19, the loved one was diagnosed with COVID-19, the loved one's death because of COVID-19 impairment of the level of well-being, and the condition of being vaccinated) that have been determined have an effect on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, the experience of post-traumatic growth, the quality of life and intolerance to uncertainty. According to hypotheses, it has been argued that people with post-traumatic stress disorder experience post-traumatic growth more than the other group, have a lower quality of life, and have a higher intolerance to uncertainty. It has been argued that people with a high quality of life and who have experienced post-traumatic growth have a higher intolerance to uncertainty. In addition, it has been thought that post-traumatic stress disorder has a predictive effect on post-traumatic growth, and intolerance to uncertainty has a predictive effect on the quality of life and post-traumatic stress disorder. In this context, according to the population distribution in Turkey, the most populous, the most common case increase and mortality rates during the pandemic process, and the data were collected from residents of the seven provinces where restrictions were mostly applied in October 2021 (N= 485, 57.7% of them are men) through an online platform by self-assessment method. According to the data, frequency analysis was performed for sociodemographic questions. For the assumption of normality, two independent sample t-test and one-way anova analysis were used depending on the data distribution and the number of groups on the scales. As a result of one-way anova analysis, hoc analyses were applied to show the dec between the groups. Mann whitney-u analysis was performed on 2 groups of variables with insufficient number of group observations. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to find out the relationship and direction between scales and subscales. In order to see the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable, a simple linear regression analysis was performed. According to analyzes, post-traumatic stress symptoms and post-traumatic growth were more common in women, while men's perceived overall quality of life and psychological health averages were higher. In addition, the intolerance score for prospective intolerance of uncertainty was higher in men. It has been found that people with post-traumatic stress disorder are more likely to experience post-traumatic growth. It has been found that people with a high level of intolerance of uncertainty have a higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder. In addition, those who had post-traumatic stress disorder, detected their quality of life lower than the other group. Post-traumatic stress disorder detected post-traumatic growth, and prospective intolerance of uncertainty also detected traumatic stress disorder positively. Intolerance of uncertainty is detected in the quality of life, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Perceived physical health, and environmental factors, which were sub-dimensions of quality of life, negatively detected post-traumatic stress disorder.
This study was conducted to determine the impact on quality of life, post-traumatic growth, and intolerance to uncertainty due to the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. After the study, it was aimed to create awareness in people in order to restore their psychosocial well-being after such a process that shook their psychological integrity. People who develop post-traumatic stress disorder during the pandemic process will experience post-traumatic growth more; it has been foreseen that the quality of life and intolerance to uncertainty will also be negatively affected in this direction. It has also been suggested that the socio-demographic variables (age, gender, educational status, economic status, be diagnosed with COVID-19, the loved one was diagnosed with COVID-19, the loved one's death because of COVID-19 impairment of the level of well-being, and the condition of being vaccinated) that have been determined have an effect on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, the experience of post-traumatic growth, the quality of life and intolerance to uncertainty. According to hypotheses, it has been argued that people with post-traumatic stress disorder experience post-traumatic growth more than the other group, have a lower quality of life, and have a higher intolerance to uncertainty. It has been argued that people with a high quality of life and who have experienced post-traumatic growth have a higher intolerance to uncertainty. In addition, it has been thought that post-traumatic stress disorder has a predictive effect on post-traumatic growth, and intolerance to uncertainty has a predictive effect on the quality of life and post-traumatic stress disorder. In this context, according to the population distribution in Turkey, the most populous, the most common case increase and mortality rates during the pandemic process, and the data were collected from residents of the seven provinces where restrictions were mostly applied in October 2021 (N= 485, 57.7% of them are men) through an online platform by self-assessment method. According to the data, frequency analysis was performed for sociodemographic questions. For the assumption of normality, two independent sample t-test and one-way anova analysis were used depending on the data distribution and the number of groups on the scales. As a result of one-way anova analysis, hoc analyses were applied to show the dec between the groups. Mann whitney-u analysis was performed on 2 groups of variables with insufficient number of group observations. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to find out the relationship and direction between scales and subscales. In order to see the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable, a simple linear regression analysis was performed. According to analyzes, post-traumatic stress symptoms and post-traumatic growth were more common in women, while men's perceived overall quality of life and psychological health averages were higher. In addition, the intolerance score for prospective intolerance of uncertainty was higher in men. It has been found that people with post-traumatic stress disorder are more likely to experience post-traumatic growth. It has been found that people with a high level of intolerance of uncertainty have a higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder. In addition, those who had post-traumatic stress disorder, detected their quality of life lower than the other group. Post-traumatic stress disorder detected post-traumatic growth, and prospective intolerance of uncertainty also detected traumatic stress disorder positively. Intolerance of uncertainty is detected in the quality of life, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Perceived physical health, and environmental factors, which were sub-dimensions of quality of life, negatively detected post-traumatic stress disorder.
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Psikoloji, Psychology