Yetişkin bireylerin diyet kalitelerinin iki farklı yöntemle değerlendirilmesi ve hedonistik yeme ile ilişkisi
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2021
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Homeostatik olmayan motivasyonel süreçlerden etkilenebilen beslenme davranışı, aşırı yeme ve obezite ile sonuçlanabilmektedir. Bu araştırmada, yetişkin bireylerin diyet kalitelerinin iki farklı yöntem ile belirlenerek karşılaştırılması ve besin tüketimini etkileyen homeostatik olmayan süreçlerden hedonistik yeme düzeyi ile diyet kalitesi arasındaki ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma 840 yetişkin ile Nisan-Ağustos 2021 tarihleri arasında internet üzerinden çevrimiçi olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak genel bilgiler ve antropometrik ölçümleri içeren anket formu, biri hafta sonu olmak üzere birbirini izleyen 2 gün için besin tüketim kaydı ve Hedonistik Yeme Ölçeği (HES) kullanılmıştır. Bireylerin besin tüketim kayıtları kullanılarak Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi-2015 (SYİ-2015) ve Uluslararası Diyet Kalite İndeksi (DKİ-U) puanları hesaplanmış, diyetle alınan günlük enerji ve besin ögesi tüketim miktarları günlük tavsiye edilen alım düzeyleri (RDA) ile kıyaslanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin %57,1'i kadın (n=480), %42,9'u erkek (n=360); yaş ortalaması 28,26±11,10 yıldır. Bireylerin ortalama SYİ-2015 puanları 66,69±9,88, DKİ-U Toplam puanları 51,85±9,34, HES ortalaması 46,25±12,94 puandır. SYİ-2015 puanları ile DKİ-U Genel Çeşitlilik (r = 0,304; p<0,01), DKİ-U Yeterlilik (r = 0,450; p<0,01) ve DKİ-U Toplam (r = 0,469; p<0,01) puanları arasında pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde ilişki bulunmuştur. HES puanları ile SYİ-2015 (r = -0,099; p<0,01), DKİ-U Genel Çeşitlilik (r = -0,089; p<0,01), DKİ-U Yeterlilik (r = -0,087; p<0,01) ve DKİ-U Toplam (r = -0,132; p<0,01) puanları arasında negatif yönlü zayıf düzeyde ilişki saptanmıştır. Tüketim kayıtlarının RDA'ya göre yeterliliklerine bakıldığında DKİ-U puanlarının SYİ-2015'e göre daha duyarlı sonuçlar verdiği saptanmıştır. DKİ-U'nun alt başlıklarının da özelleşmesi nedeniyle diyet kalitesi belirlemede SYİ-2015'ten daha kullanışlı ve seçici olduğu düşünülmektedir. Hedonistik yeme ile diyet kalitesi arasındaki negatif ilişki, hedonistik yeme davranışı düzeyinde artışın diyet kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Hedonistik yeme davranışının önüne geçilmesi ve diyet kalitesini artırmak için toplumun bilinçlendirilmesi önerilmektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Diyet Kalitesi, Uluslararsı Diyet Kalite İndeksi, Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi-2015, Hedonistik Yeme
Eating behavior, which can be affected by non-homeostatic motivational processes, can result in overeating and obesity. This study aims to determine and compare the diet quality of adults with two different methods and investigate the relationship between hedonistic eating level, which is one of the non-homeostatic processes affecting food consumption, and diet quality. The research has conducted online with 840 adults between April and September 2021. In the research, a questionnaire including general information and anthropometric measurements, food consumption record for two consecutive days, one on the weekend, and Hedonistic Eating Scale (HES) were used as data collection tools. Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) scores were calculated using the food consumption records of individuals, and daily energy and nutrient consumption amounts were compared with The Recommended Dietary Allowances levels (RDA). 57.1% of the participants were female (n=480), 42.9% were male (n=360); mean age is 28.26±11.10 years. Individuals' mean HEI-2015 scores were 66.69±9.88, DQI-I Total scores were 51.85±9.34, HES scores were 46.25±12.94. Moderate positive correlations were found between HEI-2015 scores and DQI-I General Diversity (r = 0.304; p<0.01), DQI-I Proficiency (r = 0.450; p<0.01) and DQI-I Total (r = 0.469) scores. Weak negative correlations were found between HES scores and HEI-2015 (r = -0.099; p<0.01), DQI-I General Diversity (r = -0.089; p<0.01), DQI-I Sufficiency (r = -0.087; p<0.01) and DQI-I Total (r = -0.132; p<0.01). DQI-I scores gave more sensitive results compared to HEI-2015 when considering the adequacy of consumption records according to RDA. DQI-I is thought to be more useful and selective than HEI-2015 in determining diet quality due to the specification of its subgroups. The negative relationship between hedonistic eating and diet quality shows that an increase in the level of hedonistic eating behavior negatively affects diet quality. It is recommended to raise awareness of the society to prevent hedonistic eating behavior and improve diet quality. Keywords: Diet Quality, Diet Quality Index-International, Healthy Eating Index-2015, Hedonistic Eating.
Eating behavior, which can be affected by non-homeostatic motivational processes, can result in overeating and obesity. This study aims to determine and compare the diet quality of adults with two different methods and investigate the relationship between hedonistic eating level, which is one of the non-homeostatic processes affecting food consumption, and diet quality. The research has conducted online with 840 adults between April and September 2021. In the research, a questionnaire including general information and anthropometric measurements, food consumption record for two consecutive days, one on the weekend, and Hedonistic Eating Scale (HES) were used as data collection tools. Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) scores were calculated using the food consumption records of individuals, and daily energy and nutrient consumption amounts were compared with The Recommended Dietary Allowances levels (RDA). 57.1% of the participants were female (n=480), 42.9% were male (n=360); mean age is 28.26±11.10 years. Individuals' mean HEI-2015 scores were 66.69±9.88, DQI-I Total scores were 51.85±9.34, HES scores were 46.25±12.94. Moderate positive correlations were found between HEI-2015 scores and DQI-I General Diversity (r = 0.304; p<0.01), DQI-I Proficiency (r = 0.450; p<0.01) and DQI-I Total (r = 0.469) scores. Weak negative correlations were found between HES scores and HEI-2015 (r = -0.099; p<0.01), DQI-I General Diversity (r = -0.089; p<0.01), DQI-I Sufficiency (r = -0.087; p<0.01) and DQI-I Total (r = -0.132; p<0.01). DQI-I scores gave more sensitive results compared to HEI-2015 when considering the adequacy of consumption records according to RDA. DQI-I is thought to be more useful and selective than HEI-2015 in determining diet quality due to the specification of its subgroups. The negative relationship between hedonistic eating and diet quality shows that an increase in the level of hedonistic eating behavior negatively affects diet quality. It is recommended to raise awareness of the society to prevent hedonistic eating behavior and improve diet quality. Keywords: Diet Quality, Diet Quality Index-International, Healthy Eating Index-2015, Hedonistic Eating.
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Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Beslenme, Beslenme değerlendirmesi, Beslenme incelemeleri, Nutrition and Dietetics, Diyet, Nutrition, Nutrition assessment, Diyet kalitesi, Nutrition surveys, Diet, Hedonizm, Diet quality, Yetişkinler, Hedonism, Adults, Ölçekler, Scales
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61