Koroner bilgisayarlı tomografi anjiyografi tetkiki sırasında gelişen kontrast madde ekstravazasyonunun önlenmesi ve yönetimine ilişkin uygulamaların değerlendirilmesi
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2024
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Bu araştırma, Koroner Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Anjiyografi (BTA) tetkiki sırasında radyoloji biriminde kullanılan kontrast maddenin komplikasyonlarından biri olan ekstravazasyonun önlenmesi ve yönetimine ilişkin radyoloji çalışanlarının (hemşire, radyoloji teknikeri/teknisyeni) uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapıldı. Araştırmanın verileri 27 Nisan 2023-20 Eylül 2023 tarihleri arasında toplandı. Verilerin toplanabilmesi için Tıbbi Görüntüleme Derneği ile işbirliği yapıldı. Evreni bilinen örneklem büyüklüğü hesaplama formülü kullanılarak ulaşılması gereken sağlık çalışanı sayısının 376 olduğu belirlendi ve araştırma 402 sağlık çalışanının katılımıyla tamamlandı. Veriler araştırmacının literatür bilgileri doğrultusunda hazırladığı sorulardan oluşan anket formları ile toplandı. Araştırmanın ilk aşamasında katılmaya gönüllü sağlık çalışanları tarafından Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Koroner Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Anjiyografi Uygulamaları Değerlendirme Formu ve Kontrast Madde Ekstravazasyonunun Önlenmesi ve Yönetimine İlişkin Bilgi Değerlendirme Formu-Öntest dolduruldu. İkinci aşamada araştırmacı tarafından katılımcılara bilgisayarlı tomografi ile koroner anjiyografi tetkiki sırasında gelişen kontrast madde ekstravazasyonunun önlenmesi ve yönetimine yönelik çevrimiçi eğitim verildi. Son aşamada katılımcılar tarafından Kontrast Madde Ekstravazasyonunun Önlenmesi ve Yönetimine İlişkin Bilgi Değerlendirme Formu-Sontest dolduruldu. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analiz edilmesinde Statistical Package for the Social Science programı 24,0 sürümü (SPSS-24) kullanıldı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemleri olarak sayı, yüzde, ortalama-standart sapma, medyan kullanıldı. Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi ile değişkenlerin normal dağılım göstermediği tespit edildi. İki değişkenli verilerin analizinde Mann-Whitney U testi, üç ve üzeri değişkenli verilerin analizinde Kruskal Wallis Testi, öntest-sontest verilerinin karşılaştırmasında Wilcoxon Signed Ranks testi, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin karşılaştırılmasında Spearman's korelasyon testi kullanıldı. Araştırmaya katılan sağlık çalışanlarının yaş ortalaması 26,77±8,1 olup, %56,5'i (n=227) kadın, %76,9'u (n=309)'u bekar, %98,5'i ön lisans ve üzeri (n=337) mezunudur. Koroner BTA tetkiki sırasında görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının kontrast madde ekstravazasyonu ve yönetimi ile ilgili yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıkları saptandı. Ayrıca sağlık çalışanlarının %40,7'si (n=98) tahmini olarak karşılaşılan Koroner BTA kontrast madde ekstravazasyonu sıklığının ayda bir kez olduğunu (çalışmayan ve yeni mezun kişiler hariç tutulmuştur), %76,87'sinin (n=309) kontrast madde ekstravazasyonunu hiçbir dokümana kaydetmediklerini ifade etmeleri oldukça dikkat çekicidir. Literatürde ekstravazasyon insidansının düşük oranda görüldüğüne dair bilgiler olsa da, özellikle önerilmesine rağmen radyoloji birimlerinde meydana gelen ekstravazasyon olgularının bir çoğu kayıt altına alınmamakta ve raporlanmamaktadır, dolayısıyla literatüre de yansımamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, verilen eğitimden sonra radyoloji biriminde görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının bilgi puanlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde artış olmuştur (Z=-17,386; p=0,001). Bu araştırmada kontrast madde ekstravazasyonunun önlenmesi ve yönetimine yönelik hasta değerlendirme, takip, onam, bilgilendirme formları ile 'Kontrast Madde Ekstravazasyon Yönetimi Protokolü' oluşturulmuş ve kullanımı önerilmiştir.
This descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the practices of radiology professionals (nurses, radiology technicians) regarding the prevention and management of extravasation, which is one of the complications of the contrast media used in the radiology unit during Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) examination. The data of the study were collected between April 27, 2023 and September 20, 2023 in collaboration with the Medical Imaging Association. Using the sample size calculation formula with a known population, the number of healthcare workers to be reached was determined as 376 and the research was completed with the participation of 402 healthcare professionals. Data were collected with survey forms consisting of questions prepared by the researcher in line with literature information. Personal Information Form, Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Applications Evaluation Form and Information Evaluation Form on Prevention and Management of Contrast Media Extravasation - Pretest were filled out by healthcare professionals who volunteered to participate, in the first stage of the research. In the second stage, the researcher gave online training to the participants on the prevention and management of contrast media extravasation that develops during computerized tomography and coronary angiography examination. In the final stage, the Information Evaluation Form-Posttest on the Prevention and Management of Contrast Material Extravasation was filled out by the participants. During the analysis of the data, the software Statistical Package for the Social Science version 24,0 (SPSS-24) was utilized. For data evaluation, number of data, percentage, average-standard deviation and median were used as descriptive statistical methods. Using the the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, it was established that the data does not exhibit normal distribution. Mann-Whitney U Test, Kruskal Wallis Test, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test and Spearman's correlation test were used for the analysis of: two variable data, three or more variable data, pretest- posttest comparison and comparison of intervariable relationships, respectively. Average age of the healthcare professionals participating in the research was 26.77±8.1, 56.5% (n=227) were women, 76.9% (n=309) were single, 98.5% have a bachelor's degree or above (n=337). It was determined that healthcare professionals working during coronary CTA examination did not have sufficient knowledge about contrast material extravasation and management. It is also noteworthy that 40.7% (n=98) of healthcare professionals stated that they encountered contrast material extravasation once a month frequently (unemployed and recent graduates are excluded), and 76.87% (n=309) stated that they did not record contrast material extravasation in any document. Although there is information in the literature that the incidence of extravasation is low, many of the extravasation cases that occur in radiology units are not recorded and reported against the recommendations and therefore they are not reflected in the literature. As a result, after the training provided, there was a statistically significant increase in the knowledge scores of healthcare professionals working in the radiology unit (Z=-17.386; p=0.001). In this study, a 'Contrast Material Extravasation Management Protocol' with patient evaluation, follow-up, consent and information forms for the prevention and management of contrast material extravasation was created and its use was recommended.
This descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the practices of radiology professionals (nurses, radiology technicians) regarding the prevention and management of extravasation, which is one of the complications of the contrast media used in the radiology unit during Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) examination. The data of the study were collected between April 27, 2023 and September 20, 2023 in collaboration with the Medical Imaging Association. Using the sample size calculation formula with a known population, the number of healthcare workers to be reached was determined as 376 and the research was completed with the participation of 402 healthcare professionals. Data were collected with survey forms consisting of questions prepared by the researcher in line with literature information. Personal Information Form, Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Applications Evaluation Form and Information Evaluation Form on Prevention and Management of Contrast Media Extravasation - Pretest were filled out by healthcare professionals who volunteered to participate, in the first stage of the research. In the second stage, the researcher gave online training to the participants on the prevention and management of contrast media extravasation that develops during computerized tomography and coronary angiography examination. In the final stage, the Information Evaluation Form-Posttest on the Prevention and Management of Contrast Material Extravasation was filled out by the participants. During the analysis of the data, the software Statistical Package for the Social Science version 24,0 (SPSS-24) was utilized. For data evaluation, number of data, percentage, average-standard deviation and median were used as descriptive statistical methods. Using the the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, it was established that the data does not exhibit normal distribution. Mann-Whitney U Test, Kruskal Wallis Test, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test and Spearman's correlation test were used for the analysis of: two variable data, three or more variable data, pretest- posttest comparison and comparison of intervariable relationships, respectively. Average age of the healthcare professionals participating in the research was 26.77±8.1, 56.5% (n=227) were women, 76.9% (n=309) were single, 98.5% have a bachelor's degree or above (n=337). It was determined that healthcare professionals working during coronary CTA examination did not have sufficient knowledge about contrast material extravasation and management. It is also noteworthy that 40.7% (n=98) of healthcare professionals stated that they encountered contrast material extravasation once a month frequently (unemployed and recent graduates are excluded), and 76.87% (n=309) stated that they did not record contrast material extravasation in any document. Although there is information in the literature that the incidence of extravasation is low, many of the extravasation cases that occur in radiology units are not recorded and reported against the recommendations and therefore they are not reflected in the literature. As a result, after the training provided, there was a statistically significant increase in the knowledge scores of healthcare professionals working in the radiology unit (Z=-17.386; p=0.001). In this study, a 'Contrast Material Extravasation Management Protocol' with patient evaluation, follow-up, consent and information forms for the prevention and management of contrast material extravasation was created and its use was recommended.
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Hemşirelik, Radyokontrast maddeler, Nursing
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