Mastik asfalt karışımının başarım özelliklerinin yaşlandırmaya bağlı olarak değerlendirilmesi
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2020
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Karayolu ulaşımı, deniz ve havayolu taşımacılığına göre kapıdan kapıya ulaşım sağlaması ve ilk yatırım maliyetinin daha düşük olması nedeniyle, daha yaygın kullanılmaktadır. Yol geçkileri üzerinde bulunan yükselti farklarını aşmak ve zamandan kazanç sağlamak için önemli bir alternatif olan köprü ve viyadükler, trafik hacmindeki artış, dingil yüklerinin artması ve iklim koşulları gibi olumsuz etkiler nedeniyle karayolu üstyapısındaki kaplamada en fazla şekil değiştirme (deformasyon) görülen yapılardır. Üstyapıların hizmet ömrünü arttırmak için tabaka kalınlıklarının arttırılması veya kullanılacak malzeme özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi ve başarım arttırıcı katkılar eklenmesi gerekmektedir. Köprü gibi yapılarda ilk seçenek olarak tabaka kalınlıklarının arttırılması yapının statiğine ek sabit yük getireceğinden tercih edilmemektedir. Çelik asma köprülerde ve viyadüklerde, gerek trafik yüklerinin aşındırıcı etkileri gerekse de çelik tabliyeleri korozyona karşı korumak için genellikle mastik asfalt (harç) tipi kaplama tabakası kullanılmaktadır. Diğer bitümlü sıcak karışımlara göre üretimi, taşınması ve serimi farklı olan mastik asfalt kaplama tabakasının üretimden başlayıp nihai aşama olan serimle birlikte gerçekleştirilen süreç ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında karışımlarda kullanılacak agrega ve bitümlere ait özelliklerin şartnamelere uygunluğu kontrol edilmiştir. İSFALT A.Ş. tasarım raporlarına uygun şekilde üretilen mastik asfalt kaplamasından sırasıyla ilk anda, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 ve 12. saatlerde alınan numunelere laboratuvar ortamında mastik penetrasyon, tekerlek izi ve yorulma deneyleri yapılarak başarımları (performansları) karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak üretilen mastik asfalt karışımının serimi için başarım özelliklerinin en uygun (optimum) olduğu saat aralığı değerlendirilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Mastik, asfalt, köprü, tekerlek izi, yorulma, penetrasyon, karayolu, üstyapı, yol kaplamaları.
Highway transportation is more widely used compared to sea and air transportation because it provides door-to-door access and has a lower initial investment cost. Bridges and viaducts, which are an important alternatives that are designed and constructed to overcome the elevation differences on highway routes and also to gain time, are the structures with the highest deformation in the pavement are observed due to negative effects such as increase in traffic volume, increase in axle loads and climatic conditions. In order to increase the service life of pavements, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the layers or improve the material properties to be used and to add performance enhancing additives. Increasing the layer thickness is not preferred as the first option in structures such as bridges because it will bring additional constant load to the static of the structure. In steel suspension bridges and viaducts, mastic asphalt (mortar) type coating layer is generally used in order to protect the steel decks against the effects of traffic loads and corrosion. The process that starts with the production of mastic asphalt, which is different in terms of production, transportation and laying compared to other hot mix asphalt, and carried out until the final laying stage is discussed. Within the scope of this study, the compatibility of the properties of aggregate and bitumen to be used in the mixtures with the specifications was checked. Mastic penetration, tire mark and fatigue tests were performed to the samples taken from mastic asphalt produced in accordance with design reports of İSFALT A.Ş. at the first instant, at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th hours respectively in the laboratory environment and their performances were compared. As a result, the optimal hour interval in which the performance characteristics are the most suitable for laying mastic asphalt produced was evaluated. Keywords: Mastic asphalt, bridges, tire mark, fatigue, penetration, highway, superstructure, pavements.
Highway transportation is more widely used compared to sea and air transportation because it provides door-to-door access and has a lower initial investment cost. Bridges and viaducts, which are an important alternatives that are designed and constructed to overcome the elevation differences on highway routes and also to gain time, are the structures with the highest deformation in the pavement are observed due to negative effects such as increase in traffic volume, increase in axle loads and climatic conditions. In order to increase the service life of pavements, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the layers or improve the material properties to be used and to add performance enhancing additives. Increasing the layer thickness is not preferred as the first option in structures such as bridges because it will bring additional constant load to the static of the structure. In steel suspension bridges and viaducts, mastic asphalt (mortar) type coating layer is generally used in order to protect the steel decks against the effects of traffic loads and corrosion. The process that starts with the production of mastic asphalt, which is different in terms of production, transportation and laying compared to other hot mix asphalt, and carried out until the final laying stage is discussed. Within the scope of this study, the compatibility of the properties of aggregate and bitumen to be used in the mixtures with the specifications was checked. Mastic penetration, tire mark and fatigue tests were performed to the samples taken from mastic asphalt produced in accordance with design reports of İSFALT A.Ş. at the first instant, at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th hours respectively in the laboratory environment and their performances were compared. As a result, the optimal hour interval in which the performance characteristics are the most suitable for laying mastic asphalt produced was evaluated. Keywords: Mastic asphalt, bridges, tire mark, fatigue, penetration, highway, superstructure, pavements.
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Ulaşım, Transportation, İnşaat Mühendisliği, Civil Engineering
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