Tip II diyabetli hastalarda diyabet farkındalığı düzeylerinin incelenmesi
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2022
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Amaç: Bu çalışmada tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda, diyabet farkındalığı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve etkileyen bireysel ve hastalık özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Veriler 17 Mayıs -17 Ağustos 2021 tarihleri arasında Sağlık Bakanlığı'na bağlı sağlık hizmeti veren bir devlet hastanesinin dâhiliye polikliniğine başvuran hastalardan toplanmıştır. Veriler evreni bilinen örneklem hesaplama formülüne göre hesaplanmış, içleme kriterlerine uyan, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 252 tip 2 diyabet hastasından toplanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında 25 sorudan oluşan bireysel ve hastalık özellikleri soru formu, Tip 2 Diyabet Bilgi/Farkındalık Düzeyi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen veriler SPSS 24 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin dağılımın normal dağılım olması sonucu hipotez testleri istatistiksel olarak %95 güven düzeyinde test edilmiş olup ölçeklerden elde edilen puanların ikili gruplara göre farklarının incelenmesi için bağımsız örneklem t-testi, tek yönlü anova analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin yaş ortalaması 68±5, %48,4'ünün 50-79 yaş aralığında, %52,4'ünün erkek, %41,64'ünün okur-yazar olmadığı, %21'inin gelir durumunun düşük, %31,7'sinin bir yıldan az süredir diyabet hastası olduğu, %34,7'sinin HgA1C değerinin 8'den yüksek olduğu, %25,3'ünün 6-9 yıldır insülin kullandığı belirlenmiştir. Bireylerin %38,5'nin tip 2 diyabet farkındalığı olmadığı bulunmuştur. Tip 2 Diyabet Bilgi/Farkındalık Düzeyi puan ortalamaları ile cinsiyet, yaş, gelir durumu, eğitim durumu, beden kitle indeksi, günlük fizik aktivite yapma, sigara kullanma ve hastalık özellikleri arasında anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Kadınların, üniversite mezunlarının, zayıf olanların, fizik aktivite yapanların, sigara kullanmayanların, kronik komplikasyonları olanların, son bir yılda diyabet eğitimi alanların, diyabet hastalığı süresi bir yıldan az olanların diyabet farkındalık düzeyleri daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu nedenle diyabet tanısı konulduğunda düzenli ve sürekli sağlık eğitim programlarının başlatılması, sürdürülmesi ve eğitim sonuçlarının takibi önerilmektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Diyabet hastalığı, Bulaşıcı Olmayan Hastalıklar, Risk Faktörleri, Diyabet hastalığının farkındalığı, fiziksel aktivite, obezite
Type II diabetes, insulin hormone, which balances the level of sugar in the blood; It is a chronic metabolic disorder that occurs as a result of its deficiency and/or inability to be used in the body despite its adequate secretion. It causes chronic complications when its treatment is delayed; increases the mortality and morbidity of patients. Since diabetes is a preventable and controllable disease, complications that may develop due to the disease can be reduced or prevented with diabetes awareness and effective diabetes self-management. Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the level of diabetes awareness in patients with type 2 diabetes and to examine the individual and disease characteristics that affect it. Materials and Methods: The data were collected from patients who applied to the internal medicine outpatient clinic of a state hospital, which provides health services under the Ministry of Health, between 17 May and 17 August 2021. The data were collected from 252 types 2 diabetes patients, whose population was calculated according to the known sample calculation formula, and who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Individual and disease characteristics questionnaire consisting of 25 questions and a Type 2 Diabetes Knowledge/Awareness Level scale were used to collect the data. The data obtained within the scope of the research were analyzed with the SPSS 24 program. As a result of the normal distribution of the data obtained, the hypothesis tests were statistically tested at a 95% confidence level, and an independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA analysis were performed to examine the differences in the scores obtained from the scales compared to the groups of 2. Results: The mean age of the individuals participating in the study was 68±5, 48.4% of them were between 50-79 years of age, 52.4% were male, 41.64% were illiterate, 21% had low income, It was determined that 31.7% of them had diabetes for less than a year, 34.7% had a HgA1C value higher than 8, and 25.3% had been using insulin for 6-9 years. It was found that 38.5% of the participants had no awareness of type 2 diabetes. Significant differences were found between Type 2 diabetes Knowledge/Awareness Level mean scores and gender, age, income status, educational status, body mass index, daily physical activity, smoking, and disease characteristics. Diabetes awareness levels were found to be higher among women, university graduates, those who are weak, those who do physical activity, those who do not smoke, those who have chronic complications, those who received diabetes education in the last year, and those who have diabetes mellitus for less than one year. For this reason, when diabetes is diagnosed, it is recommended to start and maintain regular and continuous health education programs and to follow up on the education results. Keywords: Diabetes, Non-Communicable Diseases, Risk Factors, Diabetes awareness, physical activity, obesity
Type II diabetes, insulin hormone, which balances the level of sugar in the blood; It is a chronic metabolic disorder that occurs as a result of its deficiency and/or inability to be used in the body despite its adequate secretion. It causes chronic complications when its treatment is delayed; increases the mortality and morbidity of patients. Since diabetes is a preventable and controllable disease, complications that may develop due to the disease can be reduced or prevented with diabetes awareness and effective diabetes self-management. Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the level of diabetes awareness in patients with type 2 diabetes and to examine the individual and disease characteristics that affect it. Materials and Methods: The data were collected from patients who applied to the internal medicine outpatient clinic of a state hospital, which provides health services under the Ministry of Health, between 17 May and 17 August 2021. The data were collected from 252 types 2 diabetes patients, whose population was calculated according to the known sample calculation formula, and who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Individual and disease characteristics questionnaire consisting of 25 questions and a Type 2 Diabetes Knowledge/Awareness Level scale were used to collect the data. The data obtained within the scope of the research were analyzed with the SPSS 24 program. As a result of the normal distribution of the data obtained, the hypothesis tests were statistically tested at a 95% confidence level, and an independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA analysis were performed to examine the differences in the scores obtained from the scales compared to the groups of 2. Results: The mean age of the individuals participating in the study was 68±5, 48.4% of them were between 50-79 years of age, 52.4% were male, 41.64% were illiterate, 21% had low income, It was determined that 31.7% of them had diabetes for less than a year, 34.7% had a HgA1C value higher than 8, and 25.3% had been using insulin for 6-9 years. It was found that 38.5% of the participants had no awareness of type 2 diabetes. Significant differences were found between Type 2 diabetes Knowledge/Awareness Level mean scores and gender, age, income status, educational status, body mass index, daily physical activity, smoking, and disease characteristics. Diabetes awareness levels were found to be higher among women, university graduates, those who are weak, those who do physical activity, those who do not smoke, those who have chronic complications, those who received diabetes education in the last year, and those who have diabetes mellitus for less than one year. For this reason, when diabetes is diagnosed, it is recommended to start and maintain regular and continuous health education programs and to follow up on the education results. Keywords: Diabetes, Non-Communicable Diseases, Risk Factors, Diabetes awareness, physical activity, obesity
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Hemşirelik, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes mellitus-tip 2, Nursing, Farkındalık, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes mellitus-type 2, Fiziksel aktivite, Awareness, Obezite, Physical activity, Obesity, Risk faktörleri, Risk factors