Düzenli Olarak Fitness Yapan Bireyler ile Sedanter Bireylerin Son Öğün Besin Zamanlaması Açısından Antropometrik Ölçümlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Bu araştırmada, düzenli olarak fitness yapan bireylerle sedanter bireylerin son öğün zamanlamaları bakımından farklılık gösterip göstermediği; bu farklılığın antropometrik ölçümler, vücut kompozisyonu ve yaşam tarzı faktörleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışma kesitsel tarama modeliyle, bir fitness salonunda, 18-64 yaş aralığındaki, 92 düzenli fitness yapan ve 89 sedanter olmak üzere toplam 181 yetişkin erkek bireyde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Geç akşam son öğün saati belirlenip gruplandırma yapılarak son öğünün etkisi araştırılmıştır. Veri analizi için demografik özellikler, genel sağlık bilgileri, fiziksel aktivite özellikleri, antropometrik ölçümleri ile biyoelektrik empedans analizlerini içeren anket formu, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu, 3 günlük besin tüketim kaydı ve bunların yanında 3 günlük uyanma ve yatma saatleri kaydedilmiştir. Son öğün zamanı, vücut kompozisyonu üzerinde anlamlı etkiler yarattığını göstermiştir. Özellikle erken saatte akşam son öğünü tüketen bireylerde bel çevresi, vücut yağ oranı ve viseral yağ düzeyleri daha düşük bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Düzenli egzersiz yapan bireyler, sedanter bireylere göre daha yüksek toplam enerji alımı değerlerine sahiptir ve bu enerjiyi daha dengeli bir makrobesin dağılımı ile sağlamaktadır. Bu bireylerin özellikle protein oranı daha yüksek, yağ oranı daha düşüktür. Ayrıca düzenli fiziksel aktivite düzeyine sahip bireylerin hem daha erken saatlerde yemek yedikleri hem de daha yüksek kas kütlesi, daha düşük BKİ'ye sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Daha uzun süreli uykuya sahip bireylerin enerji alımlarının daha yüksek olduğu ve son öğünlerini daha erken saatlerde tüketme eğiliminde oldukları görülmüştür (p<0,05). Son öğünün zamanlaması, beslenme alışkanlığı olmadan öte, metabolik sağlık, vücut yağlanması ve genel yaşam kalitesi açısından da belirleyici bir unsurdur.
This study examined whether there is a difference in the timing of the last meal between individuals who regularly engage in fitness activities and sedentary individuals and how such differences affect anthropometric measurements, body composition, and lifestyle factors. The research was conducted using a cross-sectional survey design at a fitness centre, involving 181 adult male participants aged 18 to 64, comprising 92 regular exercisers and 89 sedentary individuals. The timing of a late evening final meal was identified and participants were grouped accordingly. The effects of this timing were investigated. A questionnaire was administered for data collection covering demographic characteristics, general health information, physical activity patterns, anthropometric measurements, and bioelectrical impedance analysis. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Short Form), three-day dietary intake records, and three-day sleep and wake times records were also collected. The timing of the last meal was found to have significant effects on body composition. Specifically, individuals who consumed their final evening meal at an earlier hour were found to have lower waist circumference, body fat percentage, and visceral fat levels (p<0,05). Regular exercisers had higher total energy intake than sedentary individuals and achieved this through a more balanced macronutrient distribution. These individuals had notably higher protein and lower fat intake. Moreover, individuals with regular physical activity levels ate at earlier times and had higher muscle mass and lower body mass index. Participants with longer sleep duration were found to have higher energy intake and tended to consume their meals earlier in the day (p<0,05). In conclusion, the timing of the last meal is not merely a dietary habit but a determining factor in metabolic health, body fat accumulation, and overall quality of life.
This study examined whether there is a difference in the timing of the last meal between individuals who regularly engage in fitness activities and sedentary individuals and how such differences affect anthropometric measurements, body composition, and lifestyle factors. The research was conducted using a cross-sectional survey design at a fitness centre, involving 181 adult male participants aged 18 to 64, comprising 92 regular exercisers and 89 sedentary individuals. The timing of a late evening final meal was identified and participants were grouped accordingly. The effects of this timing were investigated. A questionnaire was administered for data collection covering demographic characteristics, general health information, physical activity patterns, anthropometric measurements, and bioelectrical impedance analysis. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Short Form), three-day dietary intake records, and three-day sleep and wake times records were also collected. The timing of the last meal was found to have significant effects on body composition. Specifically, individuals who consumed their final evening meal at an earlier hour were found to have lower waist circumference, body fat percentage, and visceral fat levels (p<0,05). Regular exercisers had higher total energy intake than sedentary individuals and achieved this through a more balanced macronutrient distribution. These individuals had notably higher protein and lower fat intake. Moreover, individuals with regular physical activity levels ate at earlier times and had higher muscle mass and lower body mass index. Participants with longer sleep duration were found to have higher energy intake and tended to consume their meals earlier in the day (p<0,05). In conclusion, the timing of the last meal is not merely a dietary habit but a determining factor in metabolic health, body fat accumulation, and overall quality of life.
Description
Keywords
Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Antropometri, Beslenme, Beslenme Davranışı, Fiziksel Aktivite, Nutrition and Dietetics, Anthropometry, Nutrition, Feeding Behavior, Physical Activity
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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Scopus Q
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