Gebelerin pandemi sürecinde algıladıkları stres ve psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyleri ve etkileyen faktörler
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2021
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Bu araştırma, pandemi sürecinde gebelerin algıladıkları stres ve psikolojik iyi oluş düzeylerini belirlemek ve her iki durunun birbiri üzerine etkisini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipteki araştırma, 5 Haziran- 15 Eylül 2020 tarihleri arasında, sosyal paylaşım ağı üzerinden çevirim içi anket uygulaması ile gerçekleştirilmiş. Araştırma, veri toplama sürecinde 18 yaş ve üzerinde olup gebe olan, Türkçe konuşup anlaşabilen ve sosyal medya üyeliği olan 155 gebe ile tamamlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri, tanıtıcı soru formu, Algılanan Stres Ölçeği ve Psikolojik İyi Oluş ölçeği ile elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde sayı ve yüzdelik hesaplamaları, ortalama, standart sapma değerleri, Kruskal-Wallis, ManWhitney U test, Student'in T Testi ve Anova testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamındaki gebelerin yaş ortalaması 30,67±4,22 (min:20, maks:44) yaştır. Gebelerin %43,2'si kaygı bozukluğuna bağlı uyku sorunu yaşadığını ve %20'si psikolojik desteğe ihtiyacı olduğunu belirtmiştir. Gebelerin %71,6'sının gebeliğinin 1-3 ayında olduğu, %88,4'ünün planlı gebelik olduğu ve %5,8'inin düşük tehlikesi geçirdiği belirlenmiştir. Gebelerin %27,7'si sürekli evde kaldığını, %63,2'si zorunlu olarak dışarı çıktığında her zaman endişe yaşadığını ve %94,2'si dışarı çıkarken her zaman koruyucu ekipman kullandığını belirtmiştir. Gebelerin %96,8'i pandemide ziyaretlerini kısıtladığını, %91,6'sı virüse yakalanmaktan korktuğunu ve %93,5'i virüsün bebeğine zarar vermesinden endişe ettiğini belirtmiştir. Gebelerin %28,4'ünün yakın çevresinde Covid-19 geçiren birey olduğu ve %61,9'unun doğumu sağlık kuruluşunda geçirmekten endişe duyduğu saptanmıştır. Gebelerin ASÖ puan ortalaması 32,53±4,7 ve PİOÖ puan ortalaması 41,17±10,86 olarak bulunmuştur. Gebelerin algıladıkları stres düzeyleri ile psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). Araştırma sonucunda, daha büyük örneklem gruplarıyla ve farklı değişkenler ile çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Covid-19 pandemisi, Algılanan stres, Psikolojik iyi oluş, Hemşire
This study was carried out to determine the perceived stress and psychological well-being levels of pregnant women during the pandemic process and to reveal the effects of both situations on each other. This descriptive and relationship-seeking research was conducted between June 5 and September 15, 2020, with an online survey on social media. The research was completed with 155 pregnant women aged 18 and over, who were pregnant, who could speak and understand Turkish, and who had social media membership during the data collection process. The research data were obtained with the introductory questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale. In the analysis of the data, number and percentage calculations, mean, standard deviation values, Kruskall-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, Student-Test and ANOVE test were used. The mean age of the pregnant women included in the study was 30.67±4.22 (min:20, max:44). 43.2% of the pregnant women stated that they had sleep problems due to anxiety disorder, and 20% needed psychological support. It was determined that 71.6% of the pregnant women were in 1-3 months of pregnancy, whereas 88.4% were planned pregnancy and 5.8% had a miscarriage risk. 27.7% of the pregnant women stated that they always stayed at home, whereas 63.2% always had anxiety when they went out and 94.2% always used protective equipment when going out. 96.8% of the pregnant women stated that they restricted their visits during the pandemic; 91.6% were afraid of catching the virus; and 93.5% were worried that the virus would harm their baby. It was determined that 28.4% of the pregnant women had individuals who had Covid-19 in their close environment and that 61.9% were worried about spending the birth in a health institution. The mean PSS score of the pregnant women was found to be 32.53±4.7, while the Psychological Well-Being Scale mean score was 41.17±10.86. There was no statistically significant relationship between the stress levels perceived by the pregnant women and their psychological well-being (p>0.05). As a result of the research, it is recommended to conduct studies with larger sample groups and different variables. Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, Perceived stress, Psychological well-being, Nurse
This study was carried out to determine the perceived stress and psychological well-being levels of pregnant women during the pandemic process and to reveal the effects of both situations on each other. This descriptive and relationship-seeking research was conducted between June 5 and September 15, 2020, with an online survey on social media. The research was completed with 155 pregnant women aged 18 and over, who were pregnant, who could speak and understand Turkish, and who had social media membership during the data collection process. The research data were obtained with the introductory questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale. In the analysis of the data, number and percentage calculations, mean, standard deviation values, Kruskall-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, Student-Test and ANOVE test were used. The mean age of the pregnant women included in the study was 30.67±4.22 (min:20, max:44). 43.2% of the pregnant women stated that they had sleep problems due to anxiety disorder, and 20% needed psychological support. It was determined that 71.6% of the pregnant women were in 1-3 months of pregnancy, whereas 88.4% were planned pregnancy and 5.8% had a miscarriage risk. 27.7% of the pregnant women stated that they always stayed at home, whereas 63.2% always had anxiety when they went out and 94.2% always used protective equipment when going out. 96.8% of the pregnant women stated that they restricted their visits during the pandemic; 91.6% were afraid of catching the virus; and 93.5% were worried that the virus would harm their baby. It was determined that 28.4% of the pregnant women had individuals who had Covid-19 in their close environment and that 61.9% were worried about spending the birth in a health institution. The mean PSS score of the pregnant women was found to be 32.53±4.7, while the Psychological Well-Being Scale mean score was 41.17±10.86. There was no statistically significant relationship between the stress levels perceived by the pregnant women and their psychological well-being (p>0.05). As a result of the research, it is recommended to conduct studies with larger sample groups and different variables. Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, Perceived stress, Psychological well-being, Nurse
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Hemşirelik, Gebelik, Gerilme analizi, Nursing, Halk sağlığı, Pregnancy, Stress analysis, Pandemiler, Public health, Psikolojik iyi oluş, Pandemics, Psychological well being, Stres, Stress
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72