Özel bir hastanenin dahiliye polikliniğine başvuran yetişkin bireylerde diyetle fruktoz alımının metabolik sendrom parametreleri ile ilişkisi
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2023
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Bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıkların aynı çatı altında toplandığı önemli bir komorbidite olan metabolik sendrom, prevalansı her geçen gün katlanarak artan önemli bir hastalıktır. Yaşam stili, fiziksel aktivite düzeyi, genetik faktörler gibi sebeplerin yanında beslenmenin çok kritik öneme sahip olduğu bilinmekle birlikte son dönemde fruktoz tüketiminin hastalık bileşenleri ile olan ilişkisine odaklanılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Okan Üniversitesi Hastanesinin Dahiliye Polikliniğine başvuran 180 gönüllü katılımcı ile yürütülmüş ve katılımcılara genel bilgileri araştıran anket formu, besin tüketim sıklığı ve fruktoz tüketim formu uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların antropometrik ölçümleri araştırmacı tarafından ölçülüp kaydedilmiş ve daha önce analiz edilen kan parametreleri toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya yaş ortalaması 32,53±11,3 yıl olan 105 kadın; yaş ortalaması 36,65±12,83 yıl olan 75 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 180 yetişkin birey katılmıştır. Katılımcıların metabolik sendrom (MetS) görülme oranları ATP III kriterlerine göre %20, IDF kriterlerine göre %27,78 bulunmuş olunup, cinsiyetler arasında bu oranın anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği saptanmıştır (p>0,05). MetS tanısı alan bireylerin besin tüketim analizlerinde ilave fruktoz, doğal fruktoz ve toplam fruktoz tüketimi ile MetS parametreleri (artmış bel çevresi ölçümü, hiperglisemi, hipertrigliseridemi, düşük HDL kolesterol değeri, yüksek kan basıncı) arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu görülmektedir (p<0,05). İlave formda olan fruktoz tüketiminin, doğal fruktoz tüketimine kıyasla daha yüksek risk unsuru olduğu çalışmanın bulguları arasındadır. MetS kriterleri ile fruktoz tüketim miktarı verileri kullanılarak yapılan regresyon analizi sonucunda, fruktoz tüketiminin MetS görülme düzeylerinin anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır (p<0,05). Bu bulgular göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, fruktoz alımının kontrol altında tutulduğu sağlıklı bir beslenme programı, MetS parametresi olan değerlerin düşürülmesinde etkili olabilir. Dolayısıyla bireylerin beslenme durumlarının incelenip bu açıdan tekrar düzenlenmesinin önemli olduğu görülmektedir. Bu konuda daha geniş örneklemli ve randomize kontrollü çalışmaların yürütülmesi, hastalığın önlenmesinde ve tedavisinde yol gösterici olacaktır.
Non-communicable diseases, encompassing an important comorbidity known as metabolic syndrome, are significant disorders with a rapidly increasing prevalence. While factors such as lifestyle, physical activity levels, and genetic factors are recognized as influential, nutrition has gained particular importance, specifically in relation to the components of the disease, with recent focus on the relationship between fructose consumption and metabolic syndrome. This study was conducted with 180 voluntary participants who visited the Internal Medicine Clinic of Okan University Hospital. The participants completed a questionnaire gathering general information, a food frequency questionnaire, and a fructose consumption form. Anthropometric measurements of the participants were taken and recorded by the researcher, and previously analyzed blood parameters were collected. A total of 180 adult individuals participated in the study, comprising 105 females with a mean age of 32.53±11.3 years and 75 males with a mean age of 36.65±12.83 years. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the participants was found to be 20% according to ATP III criteria and 27.78% according to IDF criteria, with no significant difference observed between genders (p>0.05). Significant relationships were observed between additional fructose consumption, bound fructose consumption, total fructose consumption, and metabolic syndrome parameters (increased waist circumference, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol levels, high blood pressure) based on the analysis of the participants' food intake (p<0.05). The findings of the study indicate that additional fructose consumption is a higher risk factor compared to bound fructose consumption. Regression analysis using the criteria of metabolic syndrome and fructose consumption data revealed that fructose consumption is a significant predictor of metabolic syndrome occurrence (p<0.05). Considering these findings, a well-regulated dietary program that controls fructose intake may be effective in reducing metabolic syndrome parameters. Therefore, it is crucial to examine individuals' dietary status and make necessary adjustments in this regard. Conducting larger and randomized controlled trials in this regard will be instrumental in guiding the prevention and treatment of the disease.
Non-communicable diseases, encompassing an important comorbidity known as metabolic syndrome, are significant disorders with a rapidly increasing prevalence. While factors such as lifestyle, physical activity levels, and genetic factors are recognized as influential, nutrition has gained particular importance, specifically in relation to the components of the disease, with recent focus on the relationship between fructose consumption and metabolic syndrome. This study was conducted with 180 voluntary participants who visited the Internal Medicine Clinic of Okan University Hospital. The participants completed a questionnaire gathering general information, a food frequency questionnaire, and a fructose consumption form. Anthropometric measurements of the participants were taken and recorded by the researcher, and previously analyzed blood parameters were collected. A total of 180 adult individuals participated in the study, comprising 105 females with a mean age of 32.53±11.3 years and 75 males with a mean age of 36.65±12.83 years. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the participants was found to be 20% according to ATP III criteria and 27.78% according to IDF criteria, with no significant difference observed between genders (p>0.05). Significant relationships were observed between additional fructose consumption, bound fructose consumption, total fructose consumption, and metabolic syndrome parameters (increased waist circumference, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol levels, high blood pressure) based on the analysis of the participants' food intake (p<0.05). The findings of the study indicate that additional fructose consumption is a higher risk factor compared to bound fructose consumption. Regression analysis using the criteria of metabolic syndrome and fructose consumption data revealed that fructose consumption is a significant predictor of metabolic syndrome occurrence (p<0.05). Considering these findings, a well-regulated dietary program that controls fructose intake may be effective in reducing metabolic syndrome parameters. Therefore, it is crucial to examine individuals' dietary status and make necessary adjustments in this regard. Conducting larger and randomized controlled trials in this regard will be instrumental in guiding the prevention and treatment of the disease.
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Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Nutrition and Dietetics
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141