Aile sağlığı merkezlerinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının akılcı ilaç kullanımı konusunda bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi
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2019
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Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı; etkili, güvenli, uygun ve az maliyetli ilacın temini, kullanımı ve saklanmasını içeren oldukça geniş bir kavram olup, son yıllarda tüm dünyada önemle üzerinde durulan bir konudur. Bu araştırma; akılcı ilaç kullanımına dikkat çekmek ve mevcut durumu belirlemek üzere planlanmış olup, aile sağlığı merkezlerinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı hakkındaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını inceleyen tanımlayıcı nitelikte bir çalışmadır. Araştırma, Mayıs-Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında İstanbul ili Fatih ilçesine bağlı 30 Aile Sağlığı Merkezinde yapıldı. Araştırmanın evrenini Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerinde görev yapan 117 Aile Hekimi ve 114 Aile Sağlığı Elemanı (N=231) oluşturdu ve Aile Hekimlerinin %94,87'sine (n=111), Aile Sağlığı Elemanlarının (Hemşire, Ebe, Sağlık Memuru-Toplum Sağlığı, Acil Tıp Teknisyeni) %96,49'una (n=110) ulaşılabildi. Verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından literatür bilgisine dayalı olarak oluşturulan 'Aile Sağlığı Merkezi Sağlık Çalışanlarına Özgü Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı Anket Formu' kullanıldı; sağlık çalışanlarına sosyo-demografik özellikleri, mesleki özellikleri ve Akılcı İlaç Kullanımıyla ilgili bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarıyla ilgili sorular soruldu. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler IBM SPSS for Windows 22.0 programı kullanılarak analiz edildi. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemleri olarak sayı, yüzde, en düşük ve en yüksek değerleri ile ortalama ve standart sapma kullanıldı. Mesleklere göre akılcı ilaç kullanım özelliklerinin karşılaştırılmasında Ki-Kare testi kullanıldı. Çalışma bulgularında çoğunlukla aile hekimlerinin (%62,2) Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı konusunda eğitim aldıkları, aile sağlığı elemanlarının ise %83,6'sının eğitim almadıkları tespit edildi. Aile sağlığı elemanlarının %89,1'u meslek içi eğitimlere katıldığı halde AİK eğitimi almamasının, planlanmamış olmasından kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Hekimlerin günlük hasta muayene sayıları (ortalama 50,76±17,83) yüksek bulundu. 'İlacın Adı, Uygulama Şekli, Günlük Dozu, Etki Mekanizması ve Olası Yan Etkileri ile İlgili Bilgi Verme Sıklığı' ile 'Meslek' değişkeni arasında (p<0,05) anlamlı ilişki bulundu. Aile sağlığı elemanlarının özellikle ilaçların uygulanmasına ilişkin konularda bilgi verme rollerini daha fazla yerine getirebildikleri söylenebilir. Sonuç olarak; hekim ve aile sağlığı elemanlarının AİK konusunda bilgi eksiklikleri ve uygulama hataları tespit edilmiş, eğitim almaya gönüllü oldukları belirlenmiştir. Akılcı ilaç kullanımı ile ilgili benzer çalışmaların sağlık hizmeti alan hastalar üzerinde de yapılması önerilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: İlaç, Akılcı ilaç, Rasyonel ilaç, Hemşire, Sağlık çalışanları, Aile sağlığı elemanı.
Rational Drug Use, is a very wide concept which includes the supply, use and storage of effective, safe, suitable and low cost medicine and it is an issue that has been emphasized all over the world in recent years. This research is a descriptive study determining the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of family health center employees about Rational Drug Use. The research was carried out between May and December 2018 in 30 family health centers in Fatih, Istanbul. The population of the study consisted of 117 Family Physicians and 114 Family Health Employees (N=231) working in Family Health Centers. The sample group consisted of 94,87% (n=111) Family Physicians and 96,49% (n=110) Family Health Staff (Nurse, Midwife, Health Officer-Community Health, Emergency Medical Technician). Family Health Center Rational Drug Use Questionnaire-Specific to Health Employess was used to collect data, prepared by the researchers according to the literature; the questions were about socio-demographic characteristics, professional characteristics and knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of the health employess related to Rational Drug Use. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using IBM SPSS for Windows 22.0 program. In the evaluation of the data, descriptive statistical methods were used as number, percentage, minimum and maximum values, mean and standard deviation. Chi-square test was used to compare rational drug use characteristics according to the profession. It was found that most of family physicians (62.2%) were educated about Rational Drug Use and 83.6% of the family health staff were not educated. Although 89.1% of the family health staff attended to the in-service trainings, the reason can be lack of Rational Drug Use training plan. Daily patient number to examine by the physician was found very high (50.76 ± 17.83). Significant relationship was found between 'profession' and 'giving information about drug name, administration, daily dose, mechanism of action, possible side effects' (p <0.05). It can be said that family health staff can fulfill their role of providing information on the issues related to the application of drugs in particular. As a result; Lack of knowledge and application errors of physician and family health staff on rational drug use were determined. It is found that the sample group members were volunteered for the education about rational drug use. It has been suggested that similar studies on rational drug use should be made on patients who are receiving health care. Key Words: Medicine, Rational drug, Nurse, Healthcare workers, Family health staff.
Rational Drug Use, is a very wide concept which includes the supply, use and storage of effective, safe, suitable and low cost medicine and it is an issue that has been emphasized all over the world in recent years. This research is a descriptive study determining the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of family health center employees about Rational Drug Use. The research was carried out between May and December 2018 in 30 family health centers in Fatih, Istanbul. The population of the study consisted of 117 Family Physicians and 114 Family Health Employees (N=231) working in Family Health Centers. The sample group consisted of 94,87% (n=111) Family Physicians and 96,49% (n=110) Family Health Staff (Nurse, Midwife, Health Officer-Community Health, Emergency Medical Technician). Family Health Center Rational Drug Use Questionnaire-Specific to Health Employess was used to collect data, prepared by the researchers according to the literature; the questions were about socio-demographic characteristics, professional characteristics and knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of the health employess related to Rational Drug Use. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using IBM SPSS for Windows 22.0 program. In the evaluation of the data, descriptive statistical methods were used as number, percentage, minimum and maximum values, mean and standard deviation. Chi-square test was used to compare rational drug use characteristics according to the profession. It was found that most of family physicians (62.2%) were educated about Rational Drug Use and 83.6% of the family health staff were not educated. Although 89.1% of the family health staff attended to the in-service trainings, the reason can be lack of Rational Drug Use training plan. Daily patient number to examine by the physician was found very high (50.76 ± 17.83). Significant relationship was found between 'profession' and 'giving information about drug name, administration, daily dose, mechanism of action, possible side effects' (p <0.05). It can be said that family health staff can fulfill their role of providing information on the issues related to the application of drugs in particular. As a result; Lack of knowledge and application errors of physician and family health staff on rational drug use were determined. It is found that the sample group members were volunteered for the education about rational drug use. It has been suggested that similar studies on rational drug use should be made on patients who are receiving health care. Key Words: Medicine, Rational drug, Nurse, Healthcare workers, Family health staff.
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Aile Hekimliği, Hemşirelik, Aile sağlığı merkezi, Akılcı ilaç kullanımı, Bilgi, Family Medicine, Nursing, Davranış, Family health center, Doktorlar, Rational drug use, Knowledge, Sağlık personeli, Behavior, Physicians, Tutumlar, Health personnel, İlaç kullanımı, Attitudes, Drug utilization, İlaç kullanımını değerlendirme, Drug utilization review
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105