İstanbul Metrosu Hacıosman İstasyonu şaftları kazısında risk analizine dayalı patlatma modeli
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2013
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Bu tez kapsamında İstanbul'un kuzeyinde bulunan İstanbul Metrosu 4. Levent-Ayazağa-Darulşafaka Metro yapımı sırasında kontrollü patlatma ile oluşturulan çevresel etkilerinin analizi sunulmuştur. Çalışma kapsamında titreşim iletim ve kaya sönümlenme katsayısının tahmin edilmesi için 5 adet titreşim ölçer cihaz kullanarak tünel güzergahındaki S4-S5-S6-S7 şaftlarına yakın yapılardan alınan maksimum parçacık hızları ve gecikme başına düşen patlayıcı madde miktarları kullanılmıştır. Yapılan tüm atımların parçacık hızları ve frekans değerleri Birleşik Devletler Maden Bürosu (USBM) ve Alman DIN 4150 normlarına göre karşılaştırmalı olarak çevre yapılara verebilecekleri zararlar değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, 51 atıma ait 107 olay kayıtlarından elde ölçekli mesafe ve parçacık hızı veri çiftleri istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sahasında gelecekte yapılacak patlatmalarda oluşacak parçacık hızlarını tahmin etmek için % 95 güven aralığında uygun korelasyon ile ampirik ilişki kurulmuştur. Çalışmalar sonucunda, patlatmanın psikolojik etkilerini azaltmak ve ateşleme işini basitleştirmek amacıyla bazı pratik grafikler oluşturulmuştur.
This thesis presents analysis of environmental effects induced by cautious blasting during the construction of the Istanbul Subway 4 Levent - Ayazağa Metro Tunnel Project carried out by the contractor, located at Northern Istanbul in Turkey. Within the scope of the study, for the prediction of the peak particle velocity and to determine the slope of the attenuation curves together with the maximum charge per delay for the S4-S5-S6-S7 shafts of this tunnel route, ground vibration components were measured carefully by using five vibration monitors during the construction of the tunnels which required blasting. The particle velocities and frequency values of all blast events are evaluated according to the United States Bureau of Mines (USBM) and German DIN 4150 Norms in order to predict, and compare the influence grades to the neighbouring buildings, and structures. Also, data pairs of scaled distance and peak particle velocity obtained from 107 records belong to 51 shots were analysed statistically. Empirical relationships with correlation at the 95 % confidence interval were established for these tunnel excavations and suggested for the test sites in order to estimate particle velocity of the ground vibrations. As a result of the studies, some practical charts are created in order to minimize the psychological effects of the shots, and simplify the authorities of shots' job.
This thesis presents analysis of environmental effects induced by cautious blasting during the construction of the Istanbul Subway 4 Levent - Ayazağa Metro Tunnel Project carried out by the contractor, located at Northern Istanbul in Turkey. Within the scope of the study, for the prediction of the peak particle velocity and to determine the slope of the attenuation curves together with the maximum charge per delay for the S4-S5-S6-S7 shafts of this tunnel route, ground vibration components were measured carefully by using five vibration monitors during the construction of the tunnels which required blasting. The particle velocities and frequency values of all blast events are evaluated according to the United States Bureau of Mines (USBM) and German DIN 4150 Norms in order to predict, and compare the influence grades to the neighbouring buildings, and structures. Also, data pairs of scaled distance and peak particle velocity obtained from 107 records belong to 51 shots were analysed statistically. Empirical relationships with correlation at the 95 % confidence interval were established for these tunnel excavations and suggested for the test sites in order to estimate particle velocity of the ground vibrations. As a result of the studies, some practical charts are created in order to minimize the psychological effects of the shots, and simplify the authorities of shots' job.
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Maden Mühendisliği ve Madencilik, Mining Engineering and Mining, İnşaat Mühendisliği, Civil Engineering